Undergraduate Course Catalog | Sabancı Üniversitesi

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Course	Code	Faculty	Detail
Introduction to Financial Accounting and Reporting	ACC 201	Sabancı Business School	Introduction to Financial Accounting and Reporting Accounting is the information system organizations use to identify, record and communicate relevant economic events and as such all management students should have a strong background in accounting. The purpose of this course is to familiarize the students with basic accounting concepts, principles, and methods as well as to teach them the basic business terminology they will encounter in future management courses and in the business world. The course will help the students appreciate the role of accounting information in financial decision making and is intended to serve as a foundation for subsequent Accounting and Finance courses. The topics covered include demand for accounting information by internal and external users in making investment and credit decisions; supply of accounting information and the institutional background for generally accepted accounting principles; the format and the content of the four basic financial statements; analysis and recording of business transactions through the recording cycle; accounting for current assets including trade receivables and inventories; plant- property- equipment and depreciation; financing through short and long-term debt versus equity; and basic financial ratio analysis. The course is based on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
Managerial Accounting	ACC 301	Sabancı Business School	Managerial accounting systems generate information that will assist managers in making day-to-day and and long-term strategic decisions. The course introduces the students to the design of accounting procedures and systems that support managerial planning and control of operations. It covers topics such as cost classifications, definitions, and behavior; design and analysis of product cost systems and product mix decisions; cost-volume-profit relationships; overhead cost allocations; developing cost standards and responsibility accounting systems; variance analysis; and introduction to activity-based costing.
Intermediate Financial Accounting and Reporting	ACC 401	Sabancı Business School	The purpose of this course is to enhance students' understanding of financial reporting and accounting practice through knowledge and skill refinement. The course is a continuation of ACC 201 - Introduction to Financial Accounting and Reporting. Differences between the US and International accounting standards and the ethical dilemmas faced by the managers and accounting professionals are covered. Drawing on examples from the annual reports of real companies, the course goes into more advanced accounting topics such as: company income tax, non-current asset revaluations and impairments, accounting for long-term liabilities, and accounting for investments in debt and equity securities.
Advanced Issues in Financial Accounting	ACC 402	Sabancı Business School	The course covers more advanced issues in financial accounting and reporting including business combinations and other inter-corporate investments, consolidated financial statements, multinational accounting issues such as foreign currency translation and transactions, special reporting concerns including interim reporting and segmental reporting, accounting for intra- period tax allocation, accounting changes and errors analyses, and accounting for derivative financial instruments.
Auditing	ACC 403	Sabancı Business School	Auditing The course provides an introduction to the theory and practice of auditing, emphasizing the importance of accountability and professional ethics and the role of the independent auditor in an organization. It helps the students learn the steps in the audit process in accordance with the International Auditing Standards. The topics covered include the demand for assurance services, responsibilities and objectives of the auditor, risk of material misstatement, fraud, internal control, planning and performing audit procedures, and the preparation and analysis of the auditors' report.
International Accounting	ACC 404	Sabancı Business School	This course sensitizes the students interested in accounting and finance to the international dimensions of financial reporting and the recent harmonization efforts of the International Accounting Standards Board. The topics covered include: a brief history of international accounting and harmonization efforts; comparative accounting methods used in different countries; classification of basic accounting systems; reporting and disclosure requirements in different equity markets; foreign currency transactions and translations; international taxation and transfer pricing.
Financial Statement Analysis	ACC 405	Sabancı Business School	Financial statement analysis is concerned with extracting relevant information from a firm's financial statements to answer questions about that firm. This is a technical course which integrates finance and accounting concepts together with the appropriate tools of analysis. It will help students understand how businesses work, how value is generated, and how this value is (or is not) captured in the financial statements. Emphasis will also be given to interpreting information in financial statements in order to make sound credit, investing, and equity analysis decisions. Topics covered in the course will include a review of the related conceptual framework and the contents of financial statements as well as their footnotes, tools and procedures common to financial statement analysis, accounting and finance based valuation analysis tools, and preparation and interpretation of state-of-the-art credit and equity research reports.
Intermediate Managerial Accounting	ACC 406	Sabancı Business School	The course is a continuation of the ACC301. It deals with more advanced forms of management accounting and management control such as variance analysis, activity based costing, activity based management, strategic cost management and financial and non-financial performance evaluation. It will use a number of cases to enhance the practical applications of the course content.
Selected Topics in Accounting I	ACC 450	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Accounting II	ACC 451	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Academic Literacies	AL 102	School of Languages	The Academic Literacies course aims to expand the communicative, critical thinking and academic skills of students required for success at undergraduate level. In addition to oral presentations, discussions and the facilitations of seminars, students will develop the research and writing skills needed to construct sound, evidence-based arguments. Throughout the course emphasis is placed on the need to analyze and critically approach a variety of texts such as academic articles, media resources and short fiction. Students participate in formal sessions as well as intensive, personalized tutorials with instructors and peer groups utilising the latest information technology. Successful completion of this course equips students with the skills needed for sustained academic achievement as proficient and autonomous English Language communicators.
Anthropology as Cultural Critique	ANTH 214	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an introduction to anthropology, a discipline that has historically produced knowledge of "other" cultures on the basis of fieldwork. In recent decades, a critical anthropology has come to question both the concept of culture and the task of cultural representation. At the same time, the geographical, theoretical, methodological, and thematic scope of anthropological research has expanded. In this course, various anthropological theories and methods will be discussed in light of these recent debates with readings on different parts of the world, including Türkiye. For their final project, the students will have the option of writing a paper based on anthropological research.
Anthropology of the Global City	ANTH 251	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	While known for their work in rural settings, anthropologists have long conducted field research in cities. This course will introduce students to urban anthropology and trace the development of the field, focusing in particular on current theoretical and methodological concerns in ethnographic studies of the global city. While the course will provide a comparative perspective on global cities, students will have the opportunity to undertake a fieldwork project of their own in the city of Istanbul.
Local Cultures, Global Forces	ANTH 255	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In the new millennium, we are faced with an increasingly globalized economy and culture. This course will seek to lay out the global forces that create this new world order/ disorder and address their unequal impact on particular localities. Institutions that shape the global economy (e.g. IMF and the World Bank), international non-governmental organizations that seek to raise global awareness (e.g. Greenpeace), as well as local organizations that problematize the effects of globalization will be discussed together with the theoretical underpinning of the changing sense of place and time created in these processes. Students will be asked to do research on local, national, and global responses to the different ecological, economic, social, and political aspects of globalization.
Material Culture	ANTH 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the meanings various artifacts?from pictures, photographs and exhibits to food, clothing and money -- acquire in different social, historical, and political contexts and the ways in which these meanings are contested by a variety of social actors. Special emphasis will be given to the ways in which we relate to the past through the use of material culture. Questions that will be addressed include: Do commodities and other items of material culture merely fulfill human needs, or are they also symbols that reveal certain things about their users? What kind of light can items of material culture shed on matters of social structure and inequality, values and morality, or processes of change at particular historical moments? How is material culture used in the service of representing, remembering and forgetting the past? What constitutes ''heritage'' and who owns it? How should ''heritage'' be preserved, displayed, remembered? How is cultural heritage packaged and marketed in the context of tourism and how does tourism change the meaning of material culture and cultural practices?
Anthropology of Migration and the City	ANTH 321	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Migration stands out as one of the most characteristic and complex features of the 21st century as more people than ever, coming from increasingly more disparate places, are migrating to new destinations for a greater variety of reasons and under distinct circumstances. A shared aspect though is that most of these migrations are urban in nature, being concentrated in cities attracting human, financial and other flows from across the globe. This course explores how anthropological research is engaging with these new trends in global migration and urbanism, by focusing on different theoretical and ethnographic discussions around some of the key concepts emerging in the literature, including: global cities, super-diversity, urban encounters, contact zones, everyday multiculture, everyday cosmopolitanisms and conviviality
Anthropology of the Body	ANTH 326	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The biological body has an undeniable physicality, yet at the same time, our experiences of our bodies and the ways in which we make sense of those experiences are inevitably embedded in and defined by the social. Taking an anthropological perspective and paying attention to both discursive and phenomenological approaches, this introductory course will investigate the ways in which the body has been observed, classified, experienced and modified in different cultural contexts and disciplinary regimes.
Anthropology of Gender and Sexuality	ANTH 340	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Throughout the 20th Century, anthropologists have studied the diverse constructions of gender and sexuality in human societies around the world. Researching the ways in which understandings of gender and sexuality are constitutive of people’s self understandings, religious beliefs and practices, constructions of kinship and family, the state, economic life, cultural practices, as well as political discourses and practices has been central to contemporary anthropology. This course covers anthropological studies and debates on gender and sexuality through a diverse selection of readings, visuals and ethnographic films.
Anthropology of Development Social Change and Social Justice	ANTH 350	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The global expansion of the sphere of neoliberal market economy put the debates on development and social justice at the center of studies in social sciences. With the rise of global capitalism, developing countries such as China, India, Brazil and Türkiye have experienced a remarkable economic growth in the last 20 years. However, this fast economic growth comes along with its downsides such as the dramatic rise in income inequality, violation of human rights, suppression of unionized workers, worsening conditions at work, and unemployment. In this social and political context, through a close examination of various ethnographic cases, this course aims to introduce major theoretical and critical approaches to global capitalism, development, social change, and social justice.
Migration and Citizenship	ANTH 354	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This seminar will inquire into the global movement of people in relation to the increasingly variegated definitions and practices of citizenship. Through ethnographic accounts of border-crossings around the world, we will pay particular attention to the everyday experiences of migrants on the one hand, and to the political, cultural and legal discourses of citizenship that shape and constrain those experiences on the other. We will assess the significance of the spread of global capitalism and of transnational legal norms in relation to the changing relationship between state sovereignty, immigrants, and citizenship. We will also pay attention to the ways in which hierarchies of class, ethnicity and nation find expression in the politics of international migration and citizenship.
Etnographic Approaches to Law and Conflict	ANTH 413	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The ways in which conflicts are understood and acted upon show a significant degree of variation from one social context to another. In this course we will explore the cultural processes that create this variation. We use ethnographic material that is often the result of at least a year of field work, where the researcher observes and participates in the social and cultural life of the particular group. We will read ethnographies about a diverse set of contexts such as Mexico, Iran, Türkiye, New Guinea and urban America. Main questions that inform class discussions are; what are the different notions of justice -including fairness, equity etc.- deployed in different cultural contexts? What is the relation of these different notions to the particular methods and mechanisms of resolving conflicts? How are these meanings and practices of justice related to the re-making of structural hierarchies-such as gender, age, status- in the given collectivity?
Anthropology of the State	ANTH 415	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the institutions, spaces, ideas, practices, and representations that constitute and question the nation-state. It draws on perspectives on the state developed within other disciplines. Simultaneously, a distinctively anthropological understanding of the state is articulated by focusing on systems of meaning and belief; personhood and agency; everyday practices; and persistent structures and emergent forms. The course also examines how institutions which are considered to define the modern state, such as citizenship, sovereignty, territoriality, secularism, and violence, are manifested in and represented by ethnographic research and writing.
Anthropology of Affect	ANTH 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the realm of the intangible and the unseen to think through 'vibes', 'energies', and `sentiments' that are associated with situations in which cultural formations are blocked, suspended or mobilized. The task at hand is to attend to the ways in which non-cathartic states of feeling create affective spheres that mobilize public opinion. Building up on a multiplicity of resources ranging from visual material, Marxism, critical race theory, queer studies, feminism, psychoanalysis, and ethnographies of militarism, the course explores a domain of politics where that which is repressed is denied further by or returns in spectral forms in cultural memory. The course aims to stimulate reflection on affective concepts in the ethnographic contexts where they seem most at stake to explore the intersections of gender, race, labor, and militarism and to problematize the nationalist processes of fact and memory building.
Anthropology of Hope	ANTH 428	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In social theory, popular discourse and everyday practice, hope is often an assumed or desired sentiment but albeit one that is rarely seen as being in need of critical elaboration. This course takes hope as a key category of social analysis. It first compares different historical approaches that locate in hope the utopian spirit of times of revolution and certain religious doctrines that link hope to faith in the face of experiential misery. It then delves into contemporary ethnographies that engage with theories of affect as they pertain to hope. How does hope relate to other affective states such as desire and optimism (hope’s presumed affines) and melancholy and despair (its presumed opposites ?) Under what conditions does hope become cruel? Building on a critical tradition in social theory, it also assesses the potential role of hope in progressive politics and thought as a method of critique.
Anthropology of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)	ANTH 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Geographic regions such as the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) are human constructions based on ideas about space and difference, rather than naturally existing categories. This course starts with a critical analysis of the making of the MENA region, which covers about 25 countries from Morocco to Iran, as a historical and political process. In an effort to move beyond the predominantly Orientalist constructions of this region in mainstream discourses, we will read critical ethnographic studies of the historical, political and cultural processes that have shaped human lives in this diverse cultural space.
Social Mobilization, Resistance and Protest	ANTH 465	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will expore the nature of social protest in various parts of the world. It will examine the dynamics of massive revolutionary movements, and yet also the challenges of understanding diverse and less-publicized forms of protest and mobilization. We will examine forms of protest related to human rights, labor conditions, indigenous mobilization, ethnicity and nationalism, religion and gender in the context of increasing globalization. The course will both explore particular case studies of mobilization as well as introduce students to key questions about the role of culture, memory, mass media, and other forces in the making of social mobilization.
Ethnography: Fieldwork and Writing in Antropology	ANTH 468	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Ethnography has been the main method of research and writing in anthropology. This course provides an in-depth reading of classical and contemporary ethnographies addressing a wide range of theoretical and political questions regarding the ethnographic experience and text.
Anthropology and History	ANTH 469	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What happens when anthropologists take up history? The recent interest of anthropology in history will be examined in this course through the close reading of a selection of contemporary ethnographies (books produced by anthropologists on the basis of field research).
Anthropology of Europe	ANTH 471	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Anthropology is conventionally perceived as the study of non-European societies, however, recent critical approaches have stressed the importance of turning the anthropological gaze to western societies, and in particular, of ''provincializing Europe.'' Through recent ethnographies of different nation-states and social spaces in Europe, the course will examine historical and contemporary constructions of ''Europeanness,"; debates over multiculturalism, cultural citizenship and ''Islamaphobia''; migration and ethnicity; and the uneasy relation of Eastern Europe and postsocialism to Western Europe an the EU
Basic Arabic I	ARA 110	School of Languages	Introduces students to the script and the basic grammar of Modern Standard Arabic. Emphasis on the development of reading skills with some attention to writing and aural comprehension.
Basic Arabic II	ARA 120	School of Languages	Continuation of ARA 110. Designed to enhance the reading skills of students who have already taken ARA 110 or an equivalent course.
Intermediate Arabic I	ARA 130	School of Languages	Intermediate Arabic I reinforcement of grammar and vocabulary to help students develop better reading fluency. Tailored for students in social sciences and humanities intending to take the reading proficiency test as a degree requirement Focuses on selections from contemporary Arabic media and academic texts.
Intermediate Arabic II	ARA 140	School of Languages	Continuation of ARA 130. Prerequisite: ARA 130 or the equivalent.
Advanced Arabic I	ARA 150	School of Languages	The main goal set at this stage is to reach a superior level of proficiency in modern standard Arabic language. The materials are designed to strenghten students’ reading skills, increase their vocabulary, refine and expand their knowledge of sentence construction and the Arabic verb system, and widen their cultural background. Lessons are structured as follows: beginning with vocabulary acquisition , followed by a humanities related basic text (if needed the latter is preceded by background information and exercises), grammatical explanations and drills, additional reading texts, review drills and suggested speaking and writing activities. Learners should have done at least two years of Arabic prior to starting with the course. According to the CEF, the level would be the equivalent of Level B1All the texts use clear language, useful vocabulary and appropriate grammar suited to this level. This ensures that the course remains sufficiently demanding to take the learner to the next level.
Advanced Arabic II	ARA 160	School of Languages	At this level, the texts contain opinions, hypotheses, and intellectual discussions. Great care has been taken as in the preceding Advanced Arabic I stage in the selection of the texts to include humanities related writings (with special stress on History ) of respected Arab intellectuals: literati, journalists and professors from Morocco to the Gulf. The lenght of the texts provided increases steadily so that by the end of the course students are reading full-length editorial articles. In addition, classical texts and poetry with superior linguistic and cultural content are also included. All these texts help students develop competence in reading Classical prose, “heritage” texts and scientific reasearch, which enables them to use Arabic language in their own academic careers.
Beginning Arabic I	ARA 301	School of Languages	Intruduces students to the script and the basic grammar of Modern Standard Arabic. Emphasis on the development of reading skills with some attention to writing and aural comprehension.
Beginning Arabic II	ARA 302	School of Languages	Continuation of ARA 301. Designed to enhance the reading skills of students who have already taken ARA 301 or an equivalent course.
Intermediate Arabic I	ARA 303	School of Languages	reinforcement of grammer and vocabulary to help students develop better reading fluency. Tailored for students in social sciences and humanities intending to take the reading proficiency test as a degree requirement Focuses on selections from contemporary Arabic media and academic texts.
Intermeadiate Arabic II	ARA 304	School of Languages	Continuation of ARA 303. Prerequisite: ARA 303 or the equivalent.
Introduction to Molecular Biology	BIO 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to Molecular Biology is a detailed introduction to basic mechanisms of molecular biology and genetics. Starting from genomic information and genome organization, DNA structure, packaging to chromosomes, replication of genetic material and its fidelity, mechanisms to repair and recombination of DNA will be discussed in the lecture. RNA structure, mechanisms of DNA transcription to RNA, transcriptional control mechanisms and transcription factors will be studied in detail. RNA to protein translation mechanisms and ribosome structure will be dissected. Protein stability, protein degradation echanisms, role of miRNAs and RNA stability on gene expression will be discussed. A general introduction to programmed cell death mechanims will be presented.The lab course is practical course on principle techniques for production of recombinant proteins in bacteria and animal cells. Lab work will involve utilisation of molecular cloning techniques to produce a particular gene product. Recombinant plasmids carrying either single gene or that for a fusion protein will be constructed and used to transform E. coli, and the gene products will be isolated and characterized.
Techniques in Molecular Biology	BIO 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A practical course on biological and bioengineering principles for utilization of animal cells and bacteria for production of recombinant protein products. . Lab work will involve molecular cloning techniques that allow bacteria to be used to produce a particular gene product. Recombinant plasmids carrying either single gene or a fusion protein gene will be constructed and used to transform E. coli, and the gene products will be isolated and characterized.
Genetics	BIO 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Aims to illustrate the basic principles of molecular and evolutionary genetics from Mendel to modern molecular biology. Examples will be chosen from prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and topics include: principles of heredity and variation and their application to evolution and development, phsicochemical nature of the gene, problems of recombination and gene action, selection.
Biological Function and Structure	BIO 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course will treat the chemistry and structure of biological molecules as a basis for understanding and predicting their function as nanomachines. Emphasis will be on proteins and their interactions, structural transitions, ligand interactions and analysis of the structural changes that lead to reactivity, stability, and accomplishment of the function.
Biochemistry II	BIO 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Emphasis is placed on the energy production and utilisation in biochemical systems so that an understanding of dynamics and energetics of biochemical systems can be achieved. Topics will also include control mechanisms in metabolism.
Microbiology	BIO 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will serve as an introduction to the new understanding of microbial activities and bacterial diversity; the major groups of microorganisms structure, cultivation and pathogenecity of bacteria and viruses; genetic and metabolic capabilities of microorganisms in their natural habitats and microbial ecology. Laboratory experiments will deal with isolation, cultivation and enrichment of diverse microorganisms.
Plant Physiology	BIO 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Lecture topics will include plant structure and cell biology; photosynthesis and related process; dark respiration; phloem transport of assimilates and yield formation; growth and development, plant hormones; plant water relations; uptake, transport and functions of mineral nutrients; nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen fixation; leaf senescence and programmed cell death ; plant responses to environmental stresses; applications of genetic engineering in agriculture.
Introduction to Bioinformatics	BIO 310	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Analysis of genes and proteins. Gene finding methods; sequence patterns, Hidden Markov Models. Bioinformatics software on the net. Protein folding problem; Homology modelling and threading algolrithms. Gibbs free energy and contact potentials. Clustering of structures; Structural databases. Structural genomics.
Biochemistry I	BIO 321	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Biochemistry I Chemical nature of cellular components; enzymes and mechanism of enzyme activity; energy interconversions and biosynthetic reactions, including template dependent reactions, and some aspects of control mechanisms. Weekly laboratory session introduces the major experimental tools used in modern biology.
Biochemistry II	BIO 322	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Emphasis is placed on the energy production and utilisation in biochemical systems so that an understanding of dynamics and energetics of biochemical systems can be achieved. Topics will also include control mechanisms in metabolism.
Environmental Plant Biology	BIO 330	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Interaction of plants with the environment and the human impact is discussed. Topics start with the effects of biotic and abiotic stress factors affecting plant life ranging from ecosystem to global environment scale. Effects of environmental pollutants to plant life, biological clean-up of pollutants, biological degradation of solid wastes and its use in plant production, pest management, food security and sustainable production are other main topics of the course.
Cell Biology	BIO 332	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The fundamental molecular processes of cells are examined using evidence from biochemical, physiological and microscopic analyses. Topics include: the logical spatial and temporal organization and regulation of of metabolism; generation and function of cellular compartments; the organization and regulation of cell growth and division; and cell-environment and cell-cell interactions. Comparisons among prokaryotic , free-living eukaryotic and metazoan eukaryotic cells of diverse organisms are used to assess the universality of these processes and their mechanisms.
Analytical Techniques	BIO 335	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A general introduction to basic techniques used in characterization and separation of biological systems and molecules. Topics include microscopy, centrifugation, liquid chromatography methods, spectroscopy and electrophoresis. Lab sessions will give a chance to use these techniques individually.
Ecology	BIO 363	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Aims to develop a basic understanding of relationships of organisms to their environment at the individual, population and community level, principles of population genetics and evolutionary theory. Topics include physiological response to physical and biological environment, adaptations to the physical environment, competition, concept of niche, population dynamics, ecosystem structure and stability and resource management.
Biophysics: Molecules and Systems	BIO 366	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Cells and organisms can be thought as self-replicating, -organizing and -regulating complex systems. The proper functioning these systems is dependent on networks of reactions involving macromolecules. This course focuses on physical principles governing behavior of biological macromolecules and their interactions, and investigates how concepts developed at macromolecular level can be applied to studies at systems level. Topics can be grouped under two main headings; introduction to molecular biophysics and understanding specific process of living systems through application of molecular biophysics principles. Topics of the introduction are molecular forces involved in the formation and interactions of acromolecules, reaction kinetics, molecular transport processes and energy generation and maintenance. Principles developed at molecular level will be used to analyze mechanisms two specific processes: movement and vision.
Mammalian Cell Culture	BIO 370	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The aim of this course is to introduce the students to basic principles and techniques of mammalian cell culture and to provide essential information on the physiological and molecular aspects of the culture and growth of different cells. The course will be mainly demonstrations and laboratory exercises supplemented with lectures. Lecture topic areas cover molecular composition of cells, effects of media and physical parameters on growth, and metabolism. It also deals with regulation of gene expression as well as stress responses of cells, maintenance of energy and cell survival. The laboratory sessions will be conducted much as the students were working in a research laboratory therefore students will gain hands on experience in cellular and molecular biology techniques.
Internship Project	BIO 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All BIO FENS students are required to complete an internship project (BIO 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a BIO Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
General Biotechnology	BIO 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	History of biotechnology; basic principles of recombinant DNA technology; large scale cultivation of microorganisms and commercial exploitation of microorganisms; bioremediation; principles and applications of animal cell culture; monoclonal antibodies; transgenic animals; human genome project and gene therapy; principles and applications of plant cell and tissue culture; plant genetic engineering and its potential in agricultural production.
Plant Pathology	BIO 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Symptoms and diagnosis of viral, bacterial and fungal diseases; disease management strategies; physiology and genetics of host-pathogen interactions; resistance mechanisms and gene expression during host-pathogen interaction; application of genetic engineering in plant pathology.
Plant Biotechnology	BIO 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Principles and applications of plant cell, tissue and organ culture; physiology of in vitro grown plants; cell cultures and secondary plant metabolites; molecular techniques used in plant breeding; RFPL, PCR based techniques; advances in plant genetic transformation; food and environmental safety of transgenic plants; intellectual property rights and biotechnology.
Plant Breeding and Genetics	BIO 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Evolution and domestication of crop plants; distribution and conservation of plant genetic resources; reproduction of crop plants; cytogenetics; plant breeding methods for self- and cross-pollinated crops; plant hybridisation; marker-assisted selection; breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors; breeding for nutritionally quality; applications of biotechnology in plant improvement.
Protein Engineering	BIO 406	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A practical course that aims to study the factors effecting gene expression in order to exploit technology recombinant DNA. Topics include: transcriptional and post-transcriptional events that effect gene expression; overexpression of recombinant proteins; large scale protein purification; various strategies for manipulating specific protein interactions; experimental methods used in protein structure determination; design of proteins using a combination of experimental and computational techniques.
Multicellular Organization	BIO 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The mechanisms that underlie development of multicellular organisms from C. elegans to humans will be examined. Cellular differentiation and its genetic and molecular control; fertilization, cleavage and morphogenesis of plants and animals; cell motility; polarity and positional information; developmental basis of evolution.
Modelling and Simulation of Biomolecular Processes	BIO 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Modelling and computer simulation of dynamic biological processes using special graphical interfaces requiring little mathematical or computer experience. Includes realistic models from current literature to teach concepts and technique, workshop for student selected individual projects.
Evolution and Ecology	BIO 410	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Aims to develop a basic understanding of relationships of organisms to their environment at the individual, population and community level, principles of population genetics and evolutionary theory. Topics include physiological response to physical and biological environment, adaptations to the physical environment, competition, concept of niche, population dynamics, ecosystem structure and stability and resource management.
Plant Nutrition	BIO 415	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Uptake mechanisms of mineral nutrients, their transport in xylem and phloem, mineral nutrition in yield formation, physiological functions of mineral nutrients, relationship between mineral nutrition and plant diseases, diagnosis of nutrient deficiencies and toxicities, genotypic variation in mineral nutrition and soil and plant factors affecting nutrient availability in rhizosphere.
Tissue Engineering	BIO 421	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Tissue engineering combines the skills of engineering and knowledge of principle biology to generate, restore and replace damaged tissues and organs. To engineer living tissues mimicking conditions in living organism is essential. Therefore, tissue engineering is considered a biomedical engineering discipline and a potential alternative to tissue and organ transplantation. This course is built on three main pillars of tissue engineering: cells, scaffolds, and growth factors. Initially stem cells and differentiation is discussed as well as cell-based tissue engineering applications. Then design and characterization of biomaterials and nanomaterials as tissue scaffolds are covered. Here, various bio-fabrication techniques including 3D bioprinting are detailed. This course also covers the interaction with biomaterial surface, mechanical loading, biologic regulators, and culture conditions. Finally, examples of tissue engineering- based procedures that can alleviate specific diseases and clinical translation of regenerative therapies are analyzed as case studies with student presentations. This course also contains a laboratory session. At this session students will learn to handle mammalian cell cultures, prepare hydrogel and polymer scaffolds, perform tissue culture and characterization.
Neurobiology	BIO 423	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The study of the nervous system and its elements, such as neurons and neural pathways, and how these mechanisms mediate behaviour is called neurobiology. It is a broad and rapidly evolving field in biology. This course is designed to provide students with an in-depth understanding of molecular and cellular neurobiology, as well as a basic understanding of general neurobiology. Emphasis is placed on mammalian neurobiology, particularly humans. The first part of the course covers neuroanatomy and essential neurocellular signalling pathways, including chemical and electrical signalling and neurotransmission. The course then looks at how the nervous system develops in childhood, how it evolves as a result of life experiences, how it behaves during everyday activities, and how it is disrupted by injury and disease. The course also covers emerging neuroscience research techniques.
Analytical Techniques	BIO 432	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A general introduction to basic techniques used in characterization and separation of biological systems and molecules. Topics include microscopy, centrifugation, liquid chromatography methods, spectroscopy and electrophoresis. Lab sessions will give a chance to use these techniques individually.
Cancer Biology	BIO 436	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims at analyzing molecular mechanism of cancer. Genetic and environmental factors of cancer, types of cancer, molecular changes causing cancer, angiogenesis, metastasis, role of cellular stress response, autophagy, in cancer and treatment of cancer will be discussed during the course. The lectures will involve discussion of recent advances in the light of current literature. Active participation to the course will be expected.
Bioengineering	BIO 444	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The Bioengineering course provides a solid foundation in engineering design and the natural and biological sciences. The course is designed to acquaint students with current research and problems in bioengineering by introducing them to the application of engineering principles to biological and medical problems. It provides students with an understanding of the breadth of bioengineering and the knowledge and skills required to contribute to the development of the rapidly growing field of bioengineering. The course introduces the fundamentals of bioengineering provides information on cell and tissue engineering and stem cell technologies, introduces biomechanics and mechanobiological aspects, and explains the biological performance of materials. Applications of bioengineering are then explored, particularly for biosensors and diagnostic systems, therapeutic approaches, and drug delivery technologies, followed by applications in various disciplines, including but not limited to genetics, chemical engineering, computer science, electrical engineering, and environmental engineering.
Plant Tissue Culture Techniques	BIO 445	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This is a practical course on both principles and practices of plant tissue culture techniques. The laboratory organization and requirements; principles of plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures; organic and inorganic components of the plant tissue culture media; physiology of in vitro grown plants and acclimatization; meristem culture; cell suspension culture; somatic emryogenesis; organogenesis; adventitious shoot and root formation; commercial applications will be covered in detail.
Biology of Aging	BIO 446	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course intends to provide an up-to- date overview of the field of aging and gerontology. While all of us intuitively know what the aging is, many basic questions about aging are mysterious. Is aging itself a disease, and can we successfully intervene in the aging process? Or is it a program that one can hack? The course will start with a discussion of aging systems both from the view of biologist but also from the point of view of a system engenderer. We will explore the scientific discoveries made from studies of model organisms, which have led to revelations about the molecular biology of aging. We will look at aging at different angles – from population genetics to the “reliability theory”. The second part of the course will describe methods for studying aging, descriptions of population aging, and theories on how and why we age. We are going to understand why older people more likely to experience neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, and cancer and what kind of changes happen at the molecular and cellular levels that are associated with these diseases. The third part of the course provides an in depth discussion of the processes of aging in various body systems. In combination with this we will discuss some medical treatments that can extend the lifespan of organisms as diverse as yeast and primates, and the implications for successfully intervening in age-related diseases. Finally students will explore biological changes that occur with aging at the molecular and organismal levels and how they can be viewed from the perspectives of various disciplines.
Plant Breeding	BIO 447	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Evolution and domestication of crop plants; distribution and conservation of plant genetic resources; reproduction of crop plants; cytogenetics; plant breeding methods for self- and cross-pollinated crops; plant hybridisation; marker-assisted selection; breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stress factors; breeding for nutritionally quality; applications of biotechnology in plant improvement.
Immunology	BIO 452	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This is an introductory undergraduate course which surveys most areas of immunology. Immunology is the study of how higher organisms deal with infectious agents. The course is designed to provide a basic understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the development of immune response. Topics will include molecular mechanisms of innate immunity, the structure of antibodies and T cell receptors, antigen- antibody interactions, the major histocompatibility complex, generation of diversity, antigen presentation, signaling through immune system receptors, the molecular basis of immune attack, immunological tolerance, and immune memory. There will be topics from medical or bench-side immunology in last few weeks, depends on the conditions and time availability.
Biophysics: Molecules and Systems	BIO 466	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Cells and organisms can be thought as self-replicating, -organizing and -regulating complex systems. The proper functioning these systems is dependent on networks of reactions involving macromolecules. This course focuses on physical principles governing behavior of biological macromolecules and their interactions, and investigates how concepts developed at macromolecular level can be applied to studies at systems level. Topics can be grouped under two main headings; introduction to molecular biophysics and understanding specific process of living systems through application of molecular biophysics principles. Topics of the introduction are molecular forces involved in the formation and interactions of acromolecules, reaction kinetics, molecular transport processes and energy generation and maintenance. Principles developed at molecular level will be used to analyze mechanisms two specific processes: movement and vision.
Signal Transduction	BIO 467	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The molecular mechanisms by which environmental signals are received by cells and translated into a biological response such as development, cell behavior, immune response are currently one of the most-studied areas in modern biology. In this course several prototype- signalling pathways to discuss the mechanistic concepts in signal transduction, to present state-of-art research, and to discuss various experimental approaches will be presented. The most relevant concepts of signal transduction, i.e. protein-protein interactions, phosphorylation and GTP-binding proteins will be discussed.
Gene Regulation & Diseas	BIO 468	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	1) The lectures will cover aspects of several rare diseases, common infectious viral diseases and multifactorial diseases like AMD. 2) The outcome of disease mutations for protein-protein or protein- nucleic acid interactions and protein functions at the molecular level will be coupled with model organism studies and its consequences for tissues, organs and the whole animal. 3) Both failed and successful therapeutic approaches for a given disease condition will be discussed. Moreover, where available, ongoing clinical trials and the discussion of its disease mechanism and the therapautic aproach that is used will be a part of the course. 4) A short essay will be written covering the etiology, diagnostics and ongoing or possible therapautic appraoches of a given disease. Disease condition will be decided by students at 7th week of the course
Special Topics in Biological Sciences and Bioengineering I	BIO 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in BIO: Gene Regulation and Disease	BIO 48006	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	1)The lectures will cover aspects of several rare diseases, common infectious viral diseases and multifactorial diseases like AMD. 2)The outcome of disease mutations for protein-protein or protein-nucleic acid interactions and protein functions at the molecular level will be coupled with model organism studies and its consequences for tissues, organs and the whole animal. 3)Both failed and successful therapeutic approaches for a given disease condition will be discussed. Moreover, where available, ongoing clinical trials and the discussion of its disease mechanism and the therapautic aproach that is used will be a part of the course. 4)A short essay will be written covering the etiology, diagnostics and ongoing or possble therapautic appraoches of a given disease. Disease condition will be decided by students at 7th week of the course
Special Topics in Biological Sciences and Bioengineering II	BIO 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Chemical Kinetics	CHEM 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Molecular motion in gases, motion in liquids, diffusion, empirical chemical kinetics, the rate laws, chain reaction kinetics, polymerization kinetics, catalysis, reactive encounters, activated complex theory, dynamics of molecular colision, the growth and structure of solid surfaces, adsorption, catalytic activitiy at surfaces, processes at electrodes, electrochemical processes, power production and corrosion.Laboratory experiments related to the topics in the course.
Inorganic Chemistry	CHEM 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Atomic structure and the periodic table; molecular models; symmetry; molecular orbitals; inorganic solids; solid state chemistry; acids and bases; oxidation-reduction reactions. Coordination chemistry; organometallic chemistry; chemistry and periodic trends among metals; chemistry of some nonmetals; cluster and cage chemistry; bioinorganic chemistry. Laboratory experiments related to the topics in the course.
Analytical Chemistry	CHEM 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Expressing quantities and concentrations; errors in chemical analysis; statistical analysis; gravimetric methods of analysis; principles of neutralization titrations; acids, bases and the pH of buffer solutions; electrochemistry; electroanalytical methods; gas-liquid and high- performance liquid chromatography; supercritical-fluid chromatography; thermal methods; atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence spectrometry; atomic emission spectrometry; ultraviolet/visible molecular absorption spectrometry; molecular luminescence spectrometry; infrared spectrometry; raman spectroscopy; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; mass spectrometry; surface characterization by spectroscopy and microscopy. Laboratory experiments related to the topics in the course.
Chemistry of Transformable Materials	CHEM 369	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Of all the materials produced commercially, the bulk of poorly performing materials are depicted as those, which cannot resist change in the face of environmental stimuli. Poor performance, leading to failure, has resulted in great replacement costs in most every field imaginable from construction materials to pharmaceutical preparations. Ironically, many materials are sought and employed because they change significantly and quickly in response to environmental stimuli. For instance, shape-recovering biomaterials describe one application. In this course, the thermo-kinetic aspects, production, uses & testing of quick-changing organic materials will be discussed.
Electrochemistry	CHEM 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Fundamentals of electrochemistry including electrode potentials, electrochemical cell, Faradays law, electrical conductivity, mass transfer. Basic techniques in electrochemistry including potentiostatic and galvanostatic methods, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Applications of electrochemistry: electrochemical polymerization, conducting polymers, batteries, fuel cells.
Clean Coal Technology	CHEM 421	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course introduces undergraduate students to coal science and clean coal technology. Topics include the occurrence and nature of coal, its chemical and physical characteristics, methods of cleaning and preparing coal, and processes for converting coal into clean solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels and gaseous fuels and combustion technologies. Coal-based power plants generate over 42% of global electricity supply and unfortunately account for over 28% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, with no doubts coal-based energy production needs a tremendous change, needs clean-coal technologies. The main task of this course will be teaching the new methods of cleaner energy production from already existing solid fuel sources, and the acquisition of new renewable energy sources. For this purpose clean coal technologies and carbon emission management will be emphasized. The course primarily will focus on technologies that lead to efficient thermal and chemical conversion of coal with reduced pollutant emissions to air, water and land at all levels and stages of the operation. Additionally, strong emphasis in the scope of the course is put on the understanding, application and integration of solid fossil fuels and renewables so that the power system is eco-friendly, sustainable and of high efficiency. <br/> Topics that will be covered:<br/> • Formation, structure and petrography of coal<br/> • Coal analyses, chemical and physical characteristics, classification of coal<br/> • Clean coal technologies<br/> • Carbonization, liquefaction and gasification processes<br/> • Mass and energy balances in combustion processes<br/> • Combustion process and coal power plants<br/> • Co-combustion of coals with renewable fuels<br/> • Atmospheric Pollution<br/> • Carbon capture and sequestration<br/>
Basic Chinese I	CHI 101	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students acquire the basic communicative competence based on the daily topics such as self introduction, family and school life. The students should be able to master the basic tones in Chinese and should be able to recognize 100 most commonly used Chinese characters and should be able to write about 50 of them.
Basic Chinese II	CHI 102	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Chinese 101 course. It aims to further develop communicational skills in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. By the end of this level, students should be at ease with proper Chinese pronunciation and intonation. They should be able to talk about hobbies, preferences, locations, directions, weather etc. They should be able to recognize about 200 words.
Basic Chinese I	CHI 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Chinese II	CHI 120	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Chinese 110 course. It aims to further develop communicational skills in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. By the end of this level, students should be at ease with proper Chinese pronunciation and intonation. They should be able to talk about hobbies, preferences, locations, directions, weather etc. They should be able to recognize about 200 words.
Intermediate Chinese I	CHI 130	School of Languages
Intermediate Chinese II	CHI 140	School of Languages
Civic Involvement Projects I	CIP 101	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	These are team projects that require volunteer work of the individuals with a civic organization. Students choose themselves a particular issue and a related project that they would like to work for. Passing the course depends on the dynamics of the projects and the evaluation of the supervisor students of the projects together with the approval of the Project Coordinator.
Conflict Analysis and Resolution	CONF 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to the field of conflict analysis and resolution. It introduces students concepts, and theories on why and how conflicts at various levels emerge, how they escalate, the consequences of conflicts, how they can be prevented, and possible constructive ways to address them. Throughout the course students will have an opportunity to discuss past and contemporary examples of inter-personal, inter- group, intra- and inter-state conflicts.
International Conflict and Peace	CONF 400	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an overview of the related fields of peace studies and conflict resolution by exploring different definitions, perspectives, actors, and tools available to practitioners and scholars. It is a survey of the theoretical and empirical literature on the causes and conditions of international conflict and peace. It examines the history and development of contending approaches to conflict and peace, their basic assumptions and methodologies, and their application to current conflict situations, with particular emphasis upon the following: peace through coercive power; peace through nonviolence; peace through world order; and peace through personal and community transformation.
Conflict Resolution Practice	CONF 431	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides both a framework and experience for integrating theory and practice in conflict resolution. Reviews types of practice and theories of intervention and change, discusses the analytic process of conflicts before interventions and assessing the impacts of interventions and the conflict. Students will experience third party options for intervention, in a variety of types of international conflicts including way to build trust among parties for obtaining and implementing agreements.
Programming Fundamentals	CS 201	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is intended to introduce students to the field of computing (basic computer organization, data representation, concepts, algorithmic thinking and problem solving), as well as give them intermediate level programming abilities in an object-oriented programming language
Data Structures	CS 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to theoretical aspects of computing: modeling algorithms and their run times, computational complexity. Linear data structures (lists, stacks, queues) trees (tries, binary search trees, AVL trees, tree traversals), hashing and hash tables, graphs and their representations, graph algorithms (depth first and breadth first search, single source shortest path algorithms), sorting algorithmic paradigms (divide and conquer, greedy, dynamic programming).
Advanced Programming	CS 204	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is intended to give advanced programming techniques, as well as further experience in programming. Topics covered will be: advanced object-oriented programming techniques and programming with classes (function overloading, templated classes, inheritance), pointers, linked lists, stacks, queues, debugging and profiling, reusable software (using/creating libraries), visual/GUI programming, exception handling, multi- threaded programming and synchronization.
Introduction to Data Science	CS 210	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Data science spans a large variety of disciplines and requires a collection of skills. This course is intended to tour the basic techniques of data science from manipulation and summarizing the important characteristics of a data set, exploratory data analysis, basic statistical modeling and visualization.
Data Structures	CS 300	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers some of the fundamental data structures as well as the algorithms operating on them. Topics included are: Introduction to theoretical aspects of computing: modeling algorithms and their run times, computational complexity. Linear data structures (lists, stacks, queues), trees (binary search trees, AVL trees, tree traversals), hash tables, priority queues, disjoint sets, sorting algorithms, graphs and their representations, graph algorithms (depth first and breadth first search, single source shortest path algorithms), sorting algorithms, algorithmic paradigms (divide and conquer, greedy, dynamic programming).
Algorithms	CS 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will cover algorithms for a variety of problems, as well as general algorithm design and analysis techniques such as divide-and-conquer, dynamic programming, and greedy algorithms. Specific topics include algorithm analysis, recurrences and asymptotic analysis, searching, sorting, order-statistics, shortest path problems, and network-flows. An introduction to the computational complexity classes (such as P, NP, NP- hard, NP-complete, PSPACE) together with approximation algorithms and the performance evaluation of algorithm implementations in practice are also covered in the course.
Formal Languages and Automata Theory	CS 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to languages, grammars and computation, Chomsky hierarchy, Regular languages and regular expressions, finite state automata and nondeterminism, automata determinization and minimization, pumping lemma and closure properties for regular languages, context free languages and grammars, push-down automata, pumping lemma for context-free languages, closure properties of context-free languages.
Logic and Digital System Design	CS 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Number systems and conversion, Boolean algebra, Boolean function minimization techniques, combinational logic circuit design, state elements (flip- flops), sequential circuits, design and implementation of state machines, Mealy and Moore circuits, higher level digital system design using logic building blocks such multiplexers/decoders, adders, memory and programmable gate arrays, hardware description languages.
Programming Languages	CS 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course discusses the concepts underlying the design, definition, implementation, and use of modern programming languages for a variety of programming paradigms, such as imperative, functional, logic and concurrent programming paradigms. The syntax and semantics of programming languages are described using formal approaches, and basic concepts of language analysis and compilation are covered using modern tools.
Database Systems	CS 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers the fundamental topics in database management systems including ANSI/SPARC architecture, data abstraction, data independence; data definition and manipulation languages; entity-relationship and relational data models, integrity constraints, query languages like SQL, relational algebra and calculus, functional dependencies, normal forms, transaction processing recovery and concurrency control, data structure for database management systems such as indices, B-trees, hashing.
Operating Systems	CS 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers fundamental aspects of operating systems: management and virtualization of resources such as CPU, memory space and peripheral devices. Topics include concurrent processes, mutual exclusion, process communication, cooperation, deadlocks, semaphores, scheduling, protection, memory management, file system abstraction and persistent memory organization. The course will also highlight important aspects of operating systems such as UNIX and Windows.
Software Engineering	CS 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers the following fundamental topics in software engineering: software and software engineering, software development processes, agile development, requirements engineering, object-oriented software modeling, object-oriented software design, software design patterns, software architecture, and software quality assurance. The application of the theoretical knowledge gained in the lectures, is achieved by carrying out large-scale software engineering projects in teams.
Mobile Application Development	CS 310	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of this course is to provide students with the skills needed to build mobile applications. The course starts with an introduction to the required programming environments and moves forward with creating stateful web services and developing mobile applications consuming web services. Upon successful completion of this course, students are expected to design, code and implement applications on mobile and hand-held devices with limited resources; understand web services; manage messaging with HTTP; and deploy/consume web services.
Internship Project	CS 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All CS FENS students are required to complete an internship project (CS 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical an communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a CS Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Logic in Computer Science	CS 400	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Propositional and first-order logic (soundness and completeness, incompleteness, undecidability, etc.). Logical issues in computer science (decision procedures, formal systems, definability, etc.).
Computer Architectures	CS 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This is an introductory course on computer architectures which is about the basic concepts and techniques that are fundamental for modern computers such as datapath design, pipelining, memory hierarchy, cache, and virtual memory. Topics include: Instruction set design, computer arithmetic, controller and datapath design, cache and memory systems, input-output systems, interrupts and exceptions, pipelining, performance.
Compiler Design	CS 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers the design and implementation of compilers for high-level languages, and examines the interaction between language design, compiler design, and run-time organization. Topics covered include lexical analysis and syntactic analysis (recursive descent, LL, LR, and LALR parsing), symbol tables, type checking and procedure calls, storage allocation for variables, and generation of unoptimized code, optimization, memory management and run-time organization.
Distributed Systems	CS 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course focuses on the design, implementation and management of distributed computing systems. Topics include: naming, security, reliability, resource sharing, an remote execution; network protocol issues above the transport level; electronic mail; network and distributed file systems and databases; handling transactions and coordination of multiple machines, consistency models and distributed semantics, fault tolerance.
Artificial Intelligence	CS 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is a broad technical introduction to fundamental concepts and techniques in artificial intelligence. Topics include problem solving, search, knowledge representation and reasoning, reasoning and decision making under uncertainty. Other important topics and current application areas of artificial intelligence, such as automated planning, machine learning, computer vision, robotics, natural language understanding, and intelligent agents, will be discussed.
Computer Graphics	CS 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is an introduction to computer graphics, modeling, animation, and rendering. Topics covered include basic image processing, geometric transformations, geometric modeling of curves and surfaces, animation, 3-D viewing, visibility algorithms, radiosity, ray tracing, shading and volume rendering. Students gain experience by developing their own graphics programs producing simple animations.
Parallel Computing	CS 406	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is an introduction to various aspects of parallel computing. Topics include: taxonomy of parallel architectures and interconnection networks, parallel algorithms and programming, speed-up, efficiency and performance issues; control parallel, data parallel and data flow models; parallel algorithms for sorting, matrix operations, graph problems.
Theory of Computation	CS 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Turing machines; recursive numbers and Turing computability; solvability and unsolvable problems; concepts of and results on computational complexity; some NP complete problems.
Computer Networks	CS 408	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is an introductory course on computer networks. Topics include network architectures, circuit and packet switching, local and wide-area networks, network technologies and topologies; data link, network, and transport layer protocols; routing, addressing; congestion/flow/error control. Application layer protocols are covered as well. Physical layer issues are overviewed. Followed reference models are TCP/IP for network and upper layers, OSI for data link layer and IEEE 802 for MAC protocols.
Introduction to Scientific Computing	CS 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers the use of numerical computing techniques for mathematical and scientific problems. Topics include: floating-point representation, approximations and computer arithmetic, error analysis, conditioning and stability, Taylor series, roots of nonlinear equations, Newton's method, curve fitting and interpolation solution to systems of linear equations using techniques such as LU decomposition, Gaussian elimination, Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel Iteration, eigenvalue problems, numerical integration and solutions to differential equations.
Cryptography	CS 411	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This is an introductory course on cryptography. Topics include: Classical cryptosystems, basics of number theory, symmetric key cryptography (stream and block ciphers), hash functions, public key cryptosystems (RSA, discrete logarithm based algorithms, and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)), digital signatures, implementation issues, secure key establishment techniques, secret sharing, and zero-knowledge proof.
Machine Learning	CS 412	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This is an introductory machine learning course that will aim a solid understanding of the fundamental issues in machine learning (overfitting, bias/variance), together with several state-of-art approaches such as decision trees, linear regression, k-nearest neighbor, Bayesian classifiers, support vector machines, neural networks, logistic regression, and classifier combination.
Network Science	CS 414	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Network science is a framework to analyze the complex systems of technological, biological, and cultural networks. This course will present the fundamentals of networks, mathematical toolsets to study and characterize networked data, and develop skills for network thinking. Special network topics such as network models, communities, and dynamics on networks will be presented.
Digital Image and Video Analysis	CS 419	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	1. Introduction and point processing 2. Binary mathematical morphology 3. Linear image analysis-I 4. Linear image analysis-II 5. Grayscale mathematical morphology 6. Hierarchical image representations 7. Attribute filtering and object based image analysis 8. Color image analysis and color morphology 9. Visual content description 10. Video analysis 11. Motion analysis 12. Image and video compression 13. Spatial and temporal segmentation 14. Recognizing visual patterns
Computer and Network Security	CS 432	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of Cryptography, Identification and Authentication, Access Control, Operating System Security (UNIX and Windows Environments), Key Distribution, TCP/IP Security, IPSec, DNSSEC, WWW Security, SSL and TLS, E-mail Security, PKI and certificate systems, Firewalls, Intrusion Detection
Cloud Computing	CS 436	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Cloud Computing Models. Services & platforms. Virtual machines and containers. Cloud Storage. Cloud application development. Serverless Computing. Queues & Connectors. Big Data Analytics in the Cloud.AI Services in the Cloud: AI as a Service (AiaaS).Cloud Computing for Industry 4.0. Edge Computing.
Cybersecurity Practices and Applications	CS 437	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction and general terminology, Classification of Attacks, Cyber Threats, Vulnerabilities and misconfigurations, Human Issues, Basic security components, Phishing and social engineering, Introduction to Linux, Basic Security Testing with Linux, Introduction to Red Team Tools, Reconnaissance attempts, Initial Access, Persistence, Application security, Command Injections, Memory Injections, Script Injection, Secure software development lifecycle, Threat Modeling
Blockchain: Security and Applications	CS 438	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Cryptographic fundamentals for blockchain, distributed systems, crypto-currencies, smart contracts, distributed blockchain applications, consensus algorithms, blockchain mining, security and privacy in blockchain, blockchain ecosystem.
Software Verification and Validation	CS 439	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers some of the fundamental concepts, methods, strategies, and techniques related to software verification and validation. Topics included are: software quality assurance concepts, issues, and principles; boundary value testing; equivalence class testing; decision table-based testing; test coverage metrics; unit testing; path testing; control and data flow testing; usage-based statistical testing; integration testing; combinatorial testing; model- based testing; regression testing; static and dynamic program analysis; software inspections and walkthroughs; continuous integration; problem analysis and reporting; and program debugging.
Software Design Patterns	CS 442	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course introduces the use of design patterns Creational, structural and behavioral patterns, enterprise software architecture patterns anti-patterns, object-oriented design principles and processes will be discussed.
Natural Language Processing	CS 445	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course studies the theory, design and implementation of natural language processing systems. Topics include text processing, regular expressions, statistical properties of text, edit distance, language modeling, text classification, sequence modeling, topic modeling, computational morphology, neural networks for NLP, chatbots, transfer learning for NLP.
Immersive Systems Development	CS 447	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims to introduce fundamentals of immersive systems (VR/AR/MR/XR, simulations, gaming) and related concepts together with giving development knowledge of virtual environments, immersive interaction techniques and implementation of various display technologies. It is facilitated by a series of design/development assignments where the students individually or in groups code, prototype and test interactive XR/Game/Simulation projects. The course covers related literature and practice starting from the original Computer Science and HCI concepts following all related technologies including spatial computing for XR, motion capture, 2-D & 3-D modeling, multisensory interaction with IoT, games and experience design.
Human Computer Interaction	CS 449	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course provides students with a sound introduction to the discipline of HCI and examines the issues of human factors, user experience (UX), the design and test of computer application interfaces. It focuses on the context of designing and using of computer interfaces and covers methodologies for obtaining and interpreting human behaviour as it applies to the design of user interfaces. Students will develop skills in observing and working with users in interdisciplinary groups, identifying constraints and trade-offs on designs within the context of use, and using models of work and other activity as guides to interface design.
Arts and Computing	CS 450	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will cover the history of computing in the arts, technologies and trends in new media. It will give an overview of input, output devices and human visual perception. The course will cover principles of virtual environments, hardware, software and design issues in presenting images and sound in immersive environments, input and control devices, quantitative assessment of virtual reality systems. We will investigate conceptual strategies and creative possibilities for artists working in new media and engineers developing media technologies. The course will view abroad range of work by artists who use the computer as a medium, as a tool, as subject matter or all of the above, screening projects on CD- ROMS, the Web and videos as well as other cultural artifacts of the digital age, from games, feature animations to chat rooms. During weekly labs, art and engineering students will be working on media demonstration projects as small groups. Engineering students will develop software and arts students will create content.
Automated Debugging	CS 460	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Automated Debugging Program debugging is a process of identifying and fixing bugs. Identifying root causes is the hardest, thus the most expensive, component of debugging. Developers often take a slice of the statements involved in a failure, hypothesize a set of potential causes in an ad hoc manner, and iteratively verify and refine their hypotheses until root causes are located. Obviously, this process can be quite tedious and time-consuming. Furthermore, as software systems are getting increasingly complex, the inefficiencies of the manual debugging process are getting magnified. Many automated approaches have been proposed to facilitate program debugging. All these approaches share the same ultimate goal, which is to help developers quickly and accurately pinpoint the root causes of failures. This course will cover state-of-the-art automated debugging approaches from both practical and research perspectives and will consist of two main parts. The goal of the first part is two folds: 1) To turn program debugging from a black art (as many believe) into a systematic and well-organized discipline; and 2) To provide students with enough background information to read and understand the scientific literature. The topics which will be covered in the first part are: How Failures Come To Be, Tracking Problems, Making Programs Fail, Reproducing Problems, Simplifying Problems, Scientific Debugging, Deducing Errors, and Mining and Detecting Anomalies. The second part of the course will survey the related literature by dividing it into four broad categories, namely static- analysis-based, dynamic-analysis-based, model-based, and empirical approaches.
Special Topics in Computer Science and Engineering I	CS 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in CS: Software Design Patterns	CS 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course introduces the use of design patterns. Creational, structural and behavioral patterns, enterprise software architecture patterns, anti- patterns, object-oriented design principles and processes will be discussed.
Special Topics in CS: Blockchain: Security and Applications	CS 48001	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Cryptographic fundamentals for blockchain, distributed systems, crypto-currencies, smart contracts, distributed blockchain applications, consensus algorithms, blockchain mining, security and privacy in blockchain, blockchain ecosystem.
Special Topics in CS: Network Science	CS 48002	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Network science is a framework to analyze the complex systems of technological, biological, and cultural networks. This course will present the fundamentals of networks, mathematical toolsets to study and characterize networked data, and develop skills for network thinking. Special network topics such as network models, communities, and dynamics on networks will be presented.
Special Topics in CS: Parallel Computer Architecture	CS 48003	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course focuses on the design principles of parallel computer architectures. The course covers the following topics: Instruction-Level Parallelism: Superscalar Architectures, Speculative Execution, Multicore-/ Multiprocessor-Architectures, Interconnection Networks, Caches in Shared Memory Architectures, Cache-Coherency, Shared Memory Architectures and Memory Consistency, Quantitative Principles of Computer Architectures, Vector Architectures, Systolic Arrays, GPUs, Case Studies and Emerging Trends
Special Topics in CS: Agile Software Development	CS 48004	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course introduces software development processes, clean code principles and agile methods. General principles of agile software development, best practices will be discussed. SCRUM will be the main method to be executed.
Special Topics in CS: Decentralized Finance	CS 48006	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction and Overview of DeFi, Centralized/Traditional Finance, Decentralized Finance, Introduction to Blockchain Technology, Smart Contracts, Lightning Network, Rollups, Bridges, DeFi Assets and Engineering, Decentralized Exchanges, Decentralized Lending, Stablecoins, Oracles, Synthetics and Derivatives, Security and Privacy of DeFi, Decentralized Identities, Practical DeFi Security, Zero-Knowledge Techniques, Regulatory Issues for DeFi
Special Topics in CS: Internet of Things Sensing System	CS 48007	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the Internet of Things, Examples of mobile and embedded systems, and sensors, Sensing Pipelines, Signal Processing for sensor data, Machine Learning for sensing, System Considerations, Networking for IoT, Energy preservation, Privacy in Sensing, Embedded Sensing Architectures, On-device sensing on smartphones, Sensing with purpose-built devices on the edge, Wearable devices, Edge/Cloud Computing in Sensing, Remote inference, Offloading computations, Prominent Applications
Special Topics in CS: Malware Analysis and Detection	CS 48008	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to Malware Analysis - Classification of Malware -Environment Setup for Safe Analysis -Malware Analysis in Virtual Machines Basic Analysis -Basic Static analysis -Basic Dynamic analysis Advanced Static Analysis -Reverse engineering basics - Review of x86 assembly -Disassembly with IDA Pro & other tools -Recognizing C Code Constructs in Assembly -Analyzing Malicious Windows Programs Advanced Dynamic Analysis -Debugging with OllyDbg & x32dbg -More hands on malware analysis practice Analyzing Java Binaries Analyzing .NET Malware Malware Analysis with Ghidra Malware Functionality Malware Behavior & Covert Malware Launching Analyzing Malware Obfuscation Malicious document analysis (PDF, docs, macros) Basics of Window operating system
Special Topics in CS: Performance Analysis and Engineering	CS 48010	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course focuses on modern aspects of performance engineering on the CPU. It will cover performance metrics and measurement techniques, performance analysis, benchmarking and micro-benchmarking, performance models (analytical and statistical) and performance prediction. In addition, it will be shown how to apply these techniques for various applications by taking advantage of the algorithmic features of the processor architecture and the problem at hand. The ultimate goal of the course is to provide students with a knowledge that they can use systematically in the process of writing the code that will run fastest on the processor they use. When students successfully complete the course, they will be able to successfully apply performance engineering approaches in any application by combining the techniques taught and furthermore, they will have the ability to develop their own performance engineering tools that they can use in different applications.
Special Topics in Computer Science and Engineering II	CS 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Theory and Practice in Cultural Studies	CULT 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to some of the most important theoretical trends of 19th and 20th century literary and cultural studies. A broad survey of this field will encompass culturalism, structuralism, poststructuralism, marxism, feminism and postmodernism, among others. In addition to different theoretical perspectives on culture, the course will offer a selection of case studies ranging from soap operas to popular music, from detective novels to cartoons.
Textual Analysis/Reading Culture	CULT 212	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A text is normally understood as a piece of writing, a document where meaning is conveyed by symbols such as letters and words, grouped into sentences. It is this dimension of representation that is seized upon and developed into a larger and more complicated notion by Cultural Studies, which is concerned with ways of "reading culture". This comprises investigating the production, reception and use of all contemporary forms of symbolic representation and communication viewed as "cultural texts". CULT 212 is an introduction to textual analysis, and is also closely connected with contemporary literary criticism. The course explores how cultural meanings are transmitted through different media, ranging from the written word and the still image to the most sophisticated forms of electronic communication. Case studies are utilized to explore methods of discourse analysis, with students undertaking their own research projects in which they "read" a "text" of their own choice that may be drawn from words, images, sounds or performances surrounding us, including video clips, poetry, paintings, buildings, dress, manners or body decoration.
Popular Culture and Everyday Life	CULT 222	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will trace the emergence of the concept of popular culture linked to the rise of the mass media. Problematizing the distinction between "high" and "low" culture, the course will use selected case studies of diverse cultural products to illustrate current issues and debates in the study of popular culture and everyday life.
Consumption, Food and Culture	CULT 223	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The purpose of this course is to explore the complex interrelations between food and culture, focusing on the questions of how people in different world socio-historical contexts learn and accept to eat and cook food differently, and how the social purpose of food consumption has changed hierarchically, spatially and temporally, entailing different social and cultural meanings. To this end, the course is organized around two main axes: (i) the diffusion and transformation of eating and cooking practices parallel to world-historical changes, and (ii) food consumption patterns and their relation to social hierarchies. Some of the themes to be covered in this class are the cultural and social significance of eating-out, gendered aspects of food practices, the emergence and evolution of "national" and "ethnic" cuisines, cultural and social histories of certain food products such as sugar, coffee and Coca-Cola, culinary transformations and interactions across the world in a historical perspective, homogenization of diets on a global scale, and the historical development of rituals and manners associated with food consumption.
Anthropology and Film	CULT 224	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	How are cultural, political, and historical realities represented in ethnographic, documentary, and fiction films? This course will explore the critical relationship between our knowledge of the world and visual representation through films and theoretical, ethnographic and historical readings.
Advertising and Culture	CULT 225	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Culture is a crucial variable in the advertisement business. Conversely, advertising has shaped contemporary cultures and economies. This course will explore the history and place of advertising in today's world, on the one hand, and the place of "culture" in advertisements, on the other. Particular emphasis will be placed on representations of social class, gender, sexuality, religion, ethnicity, race, and national identity in advertisements. Case materials will be drawn primarily from contemporary Turkish advertising, with additional examples from other time periods and other countries.
Introduction to Media Studies	CULT 230	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This introductory course is designed to explore the social, cultural and economic dimensions of the significance of contemporary media in our everyday lives. Situating media in the broader historical context of its development, the course will investigate processes of production and consumption. Key concepts and debates within media studies will be discussed by way of topical examples. In addition to topics such as journalism, advertising and consumer culture, the course will deal with the question of ownership structures. The overall aim of the course is to help students enhance their media literacy skills and to develop a more critical and informed awareness of their relation to and use of contemporary media.
Introduction to Film and Media Studies	CULT 231	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The cinema as the art-form of the 20th century, taking over from the 19th century novel. Film-making in the context of a "culture of time and space". The basic techniques and processes of film-making. Expanding material possibilities. Cinematographical languages. Diverse and shifting conceptions of the cinema in relation to other discursive forms. Works embodying major moments of film history, to be screened and analyzed in relation to the writings of central film theorists.
Modernism/Postmodernism	CULT 232	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Modernism and postmodernism have been two of the dominant trends of the 20th century in fields ranging from literature to visual culture and beyond. This course will explore some of the debates around modernism and postmodernism through theoretical texts as well as through works which have influenced or have been influenced by the course of these ideas.
Myths of Gender: Cultural Theories about Women and Men	CULT 242	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	How have we developed our ideas of what it means to be a woman and what it means to be a man? How do these ideas change historically and from one society to another? Asking these questions and others, this course aims to develop a critical awareness of how gender and sexuality have shaped and have been shaped by political, religious, economic, scientific, and cultural practices and discourses in different parts of the world, including Türkiye.
Oral History	CULT 250	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce students to the study of oral history. Oral histories are spoken memories about the past recorded by oral historians in a dialgue with individuals providing testimony. The study of oral history allows us to examine events and experiences not recorded by history (based on the study of written documents), as well as to analyze and interpret the meaning of events and experiences to individuals in the present. In this course, students will learn the techniques of doing oral history, read selected case studies, and conduct an oral history project of their own.
Life Story Narratives	CULT 251	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on the study of life story narratives , whether in the form of oral history or auto/biography. Life story narratives will be analyzed through theoretical and methodological readings. The course will demonstrate that personal testimony, whether in the form of self-writing or life stories elicited by oral historians, is invaluable in understanding the relationship between subjectivity and the public sphere, or biography and history.
Turkish Culture: Critical Perspectives	CULT 291	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is "Turkish Culture"? Who defines it? Who and what does it include, and not include? What is the relationship between culture (or cultures) and national identity? Asking these questions and others, this course will look at various anthropological, historical, political and literary texts in an effort to critically analyze changes and continuities in the meaning and scope of "Turkish Culture" since the late Ottoman period.
Topics in Turkish Cultural Studies	CULT 299	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This introductory course addresses current issues in the field of Turkish Cultural Studies.The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered.Topics and approaches may be drawn from anthropology, history, literature, sociology or visual studies.
Project and Internship	CULT 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Qualitative Research Methods	CULT 318	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed towards those who are new to qualitative inquiry. It will provide an overview of the theoretical foundations, primary methods of data collection and analysis. With the required student fieldwork projects, carried out concurrently with classroom lectures and discussions, the class aims to balance information acquisition and application of specific skills needed to conduct quality research.
Popular Culture and Everyday Life	CULT 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will trace the emergence of the concept of popular culture linked to the rise of the mass media. Problematizing the distinction between "high" and "low" culture, the course will use selected case studies of diverse cultural products to illustrate current issues and debates in the study of popular culture and everyday life.
Youth Culture	CULT 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will focus on youth culture viewed within the wider frame of age and generation. It will ask, how have youth and youth culture been defined and theorized historically? What challenges does the study of youth culture pose in a transnational world? The course will also investigate how youth culture (and generational identity) have been studied in Türkiye. It It will include a unit in which students undertake a research project of their own on youth culture and/or generational identity in Istanbul.
Popular Culture in Contemporary Türkiye	CULT 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Beginning with a discussion of the rise of popular culture in Türkiye, this course will use cultural products such as music, cartoons, graffiti, tv programs, magazines and internet sites to analyze the hybrid products of popular culture in contemporary Türkiye.
Humans and Clones	CULT 324	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to investigate into the 'human question' by studying a number of philosophical and literary texts as well as films that engage in defining and/or problematizing humanness. Throughout the term we will try to see at what moments in history the 'human question' gains prominence and under what circumstances human is pronounced dead, defined as useless, insignificant, or valorized and sanctified.
Media Worlds	CULT 325	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to explore the cultural/political changes brought about by transnational media expansion. We will seek answers to such questions as: How do transnational media participate in the (re) making of national and local cultures? How do hegemonic media texts intersect with real lives of people in different parts of the world? What kinds of cultural spaces do they create for resistance, subversion and appropriation, and for whom? The organizing framework of the course will be based on three broad headings: a) transnational media and emergent geographies of power and marginality b) media production and cultural production c) mediation of hegemonic meanings and cultural politics.
Media and Communication: News Production and Consumption	CULT 326	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This coıurse will examine the production, circulation and consumption of news in an increasingly globalized media environment. The issues covered will include a) global news agencies and the struggle for control of domestic news markets b) changing practices of journalism and institutional frameworks of news-work in the sattelite age c) television news as discourse: visuals, sounds, stories d) between news and entertainment: tabloid news and talk-shows e) interpretive frameworks of audiences f) news, public spheres and the democratic project.
Postcolonial Theory and Its Discontents	CULT 327	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Postcolonial theory is the body of scholarship that tackles the heritage and current impact of multiple waves and types of colonialism. In this course students will be introduced to the presumptions of this scholarship, its central questions and shortcomings. We will also explore the relationship of post-colonialism to feminist and post-structuralist theory. The course is designed to facilitate students' engagement with these different empirical and theoretical approaches in the light of their experiences and ideas.
Approaches to Film Studies	CULT 331	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In 1896, when Auguste and Louis Lumiere held the first public screening of film in Paris, most people imagined that the new invention would be directed towards scientific research rather than the establishment of an entertainment industry. As a viable commercial product cinema soon became a contender for the status of the new century's first original art form. This course will introduce the art, aesthetics and politics of film. It will focus on the particular social and historical context of movies. The course will cover major breakthroughs and significant genres in cinema, as well as different topics, such as style and meaning, elements of film narrative, techniques of film production. The scope will be international and topics will be organized along a historical trajectory.
Myths of Gender: Cultural Theories about Women and Men	CULT 341	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	How have we developed our ideas of what it means to be a woman and what it means to be a man? How do these ideas change historically and from one society to another? Asking these questions and others, this course aims to develop a critical awareness of how gender and sexuality have shaped and have been shaped by political, religious, economic, scientific, and cultural practices and discourses in different parts of the world, including Türkiye.
Gender and Nationalism	CULT 342	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The 20th century has been a century of nationalisms and wars (both hot and cold). Scholars, particularly in the decade, have shown the centrality of gender and sexuality in the imagining of national communities, the invention of traditions, and the conduct of wars. Through books, articles and films, the course will explore the interconnections between gender, nationalism and militarism in different parts of the world in the past century.
Topics In Gender & Sexuality Studies	CULT 343	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course addresses historical and contemporary issues in gender and sexuality studies. The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered. Topics and approaches may be drawn from anthropology, cultural studies, gender and sexuality studies, history, literature, performance studies, sociology, and visual studies.
Gender and Sexuality in the Middle East	CULT 344	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In this course, a large variety of issues having to do with gender and sexuality in the Middle East will be explored by means of academic, literary and political writings; documentaries; movies and music. The course will be organized around the following question: How is masculinity/femininity defined, practiced, and discussed in different Middle Eastern societies such as Iran, Egypt, Syria, Israel, Palestine, Türkiye, and Jordan? Male circumcision, female genital mutilation, feminist movements, clothing and veiling, domestic violence, virginity controls, gay/lesbian/bisexual experience and politics, women's peace activism, women's participation in nationalist politics and wars, as well as the connections between masculinity, national identity, and soldiering will be discussed in relation to the history, politics and experience of gender and sexuality in this part of the world
Migration, Diaspora and Transnationalism	CULT 354	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The framework of transnationalism for the study of the global movement of people has challenged some basic disciplinary assumptions across the social sciences, concerning the relationship between people, culture, territory and nation. Taking up these challenges, this course will critically examine the dichotomies of the economic/political immigrant, push/ pull factors, home/host country, assimilation/alienation, and the rise/demise of the nation-state. Through ethnographic accounts of border-crossings around the world, we will pay particular attention to the everyday experiences of migrants on the one hand, and to the political, cultural and legal discourses that shape and constrain those experiences on the other. We will explore such themes as: constructions of ethnic identity through displacement and diaspora; illegal/irregular migrations and differential access to mobility; the inclusion and exclusions of the nation-state as manifested through immigration policies; borders as markers of the international geopolitical landscape and as metaphors for contested lines of difference between "us" and "them." We will also heed the need to contextualize current understandings of transnationalism by situating them vis a vis prior histories of displacement.
Urban Spaces and Cultures	CULT 355	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	How do we begin to understand the differences, commonalities, and interconnections between 'World Cities' - such as Cairo, New York, Istanbul or Singapore? This course will provide a critical guide to the diverse ideas, concepts and frameworks used to study such cities. It will explore how city spaces and cultures are constituted, divided and contested, by focusing such topics as: colonial landscapes of power and exclusion, modernist projects of urban renewal and dislocation, 'post-modern' spaces of spectacle and consumption, ghettoes of affluence and poverty, ethnic divisions of labor and informal economies behind the facades of the global capital.
Consumer Society and Cultures	CULT 360	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will discuss key issues of contemporary consumer society, and the social and anthropological theories which help us understand consumer aspirations. What are the origins of our global consumer society, and its current inequalities? Key themes will include the symbolism of goods and material culture in shaping social relations of status and power. We will discuss specific fields of consumption, such as style and fashion in clothing, life-style shopping; home-making through practices of consumption. Consumerism is also politics, and we will discuss how gender, class and ethnic identities are linked to consumption practices.
Oral History	CULT 361	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce students to the study of oral history. Oral histories are spoken memories about the past recorded by oral historians in a dialgue with individuals providing testimony. The study of oral history allows us to examine events and experiences not recorded by history (based on the study of written documents), as well as to analyze and interpret the meaning of events and experiences to individuals in the present. In this course, students will learn the techniques of doing oral history, read selected case studies, and conduct an oral history project of their own.
Memory Studies	CULT 362	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In recent years, memory has become one of the most widely debated issues in the social sciences. While modernity focused largely on the future, how do we explain the enormous preoccupation with the past in the postmodern era? This course will pose some answers to this question. Beginning with a look at the way memory operates, the course will review major debates on memory in diverse fields such as psychology, sociology, and history. It will then focus on particular themes, including memory's relationship to place, identity, trauma, narrative, commemoration, media and the body. The course will rely on a number of case studies, including studies of memory in Türkiye.
The History of Equality: Antiquity to the Present	CULT 363	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an introduction to a new subject, the history of the concept of equality. The course will discuss the emergence and affirmation of concepts and ideals of equality in different historical periods, and across different dimensions. Periods range from Ancient Greece, the Enlightenment, the French Revolution, and the late nineteenth century. Dimensions of equality include rank and class, intercultural encounters, politics and citizenship, and sexual difference and gender. The course will also discuss methodological issues in intellectual history.
Topics in Memory Studies	CULT 364	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course addresses issues in the growing field of memory studies. The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered. Topics and approaches may be drawn from anthropology, cultural studies, gender studies, history, literature, memory studies, psychology, sociology, and visual studies.
Globalization and Health Inequalities	CULT 368	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces recent theoretical perspectives and ethnographic work which explore how the political and medical authorities as well as the lay people, discuss the effects of globalization and global encounters on health inequalities, and how the global and local health policies address these inequalities. It covers such topics as the role of global health institutions in addressing the health inequalities, tensions between states’ priorities and global impositions in defining and applying health policies, competition between biomedicine and alternative medical systems, local interpretations of global medical technologies and local conceptualizations of global epidemics. The course also includes nuanced approaches to the global and local ethical issues around the body, gender, life, illness, birth, death and pharmaceutical industry
Everyday Life	CULT 370	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is everyday life? Is it a routine that we take for granted and have a difficult time to take an analytical distance from, or is it critical in informing our identity a subjectivity? How does what we do in our everyday life shape who we are and where we belong? How do different conceptions of time and space, and philosophical debates on public/private and nature/nurture play a role in these processes? This course is designed to broaden and deepen the students’ understanding of everyday life, based on relevant social sciences and humanities literature across different time periods and cultural contexts, starting from the capitalist societies in 19th century Europe. It will also cover how the major developments in the first two decades of the 2000s, such as digitalization, virtual reality, new social movements and the COVID-19 pandemic have changed our everyday life and our conceptualizations of it.
Gender and Migration	CULT 383	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to global migration processes through a gendered lens by looking at how roles and identities linked to one’s sex, gender and sexuality shape, and are shaped by, migration causes, conditions and experiences. Topics to be covered include feminization of global migration; care migration, masculinities and migration; sexual and gender based violence, trafficking and asylum; sex and marriage migration and shifting intimacies
Political Ecology and Society	CULT 384	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The broad goal of this course is to cultivate a critical theoretical understanding of the relation between the society and nature, and develop a nuanced perspective of thinking about environmental problems. More particularly, the objectives of this course are: 1) To locate environmental politics within the context of broader social, political and economic dynamics; 2) To learn about alternative forms of being and knowing that challenge common anthropocentric thinking; 3) To develop familiarity with the political ecological dimension of the global and local environmental problems, policies, and social movements.
Turkish Culture: Critical Perspectives	CULT 391	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is "Turkish Culture"? Who defines it? Who and what does it include, and not include? What is the relationship between culture (or cultures) and national identity? Asking these questions and others, this course will look at various anthropological, historical, political and literary texts in an effort to critically analyze changes and continuities in the meaning and scope of "Turkish Culture" since the late Ottoman period.
Independent Study	CULT 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Honors Project	CULT 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In their fourth year of study, each Cultural Studies major will propose and complete a one-semester project related to her or his field of concentration. The form of this project will vary depending on the student's interests and concentration, ranging from textual, ethnographic or visual approaches and methodologies. All stages of the project must be approved by the student's project advisor.
Gender and Politics	CULT 410	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the relationship between gender, culture and politics. It offers a the oretical survey of the role of gender in shaping definitions of the political and practices of citizenship and participation. Through the discussion of concrete examples representing a diversity of cultural, social and political contexts,the course opens up to discussion gendered social and political mobilizations , identity politics, the interaction between the personal and the political, and different forms and spheres of doing politics ranging from the everyday to transnational, face-to face to digital encounters. The course also critically assesses the sociopolitical ramifications of institutional and national gender policies and cultural political perspectives regarding changing gender relations.
East / West Encounters	CULT 411	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a critical review of texts, images and institutional-scholarly discourses that reflect or embody the East/West problematic. This course investigates the specific cultural, social and political contexts within which the imaginary boundaries between the two cultural realms, "the Orient" and "the Occident", have been constituted. While familiarizing students with the recent critical literature on the question of alterity, the course aims to demonstrate how knowledge of the "other" is historically constructed and indissolubly linked to shifting relations of power.
Science, Technology and Culture	CULT 420	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course studies the social, cultural, and institutional contexts of science and technology, using the perspectives and methods derived from the social sciences and the humanities. It examines the assumptions about the neutrality and autonomy of science and technology, the distinction between the natural and the artificial, the social construction of knowledge, expertise and authority, and the relationships between human values, science and technology. The links among science, technology and the organization of time and space, as well as the changing conceptions of the self are discussed as critical dimensions of modernity and postmodernity
Digital Humanities	CULT 421	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Digital Humanities is a catch phrase of 21st century; since 2000, more and more Digital Humanities projects received funding, many archives and collections are digitized, and even PhD programs and institutes are build. This course offers an understanding of `digital humanities' by taking a look at its first years, its historical development and the continuing academic discussions around it. Besides theoretical discussions of digital humanities, prominent digital humanities projects will be reviewed and discussion sessions will be devoted to the main areas of production within the digital humanities, such as text analysis, digitization, data management and visualization. The focus is on the usefulness of this type of practical humanities research and how humanities questions can be translated to the computational methods of digital humanities in a successful way.
Digital Culture	CULT 423	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is new about the digital? The promises of a 'digital age' are also demands - to get wired - and threats of being unable to understand the shifts brought about by the advent of new technologies and modes of communication. Debates about information and power, communication and speed, are not unprecedented. Indeed, perhaps all we may say about the new is that it is not simply what it may be said to be. This course will explore this question of the new, putting digital imagery into comparison with its forebears such as photography and film to see what may be new about digital culture for us.
Modernism/Postmodernism	CULT 432	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Modernism and postmodernism have been two of the dominant trends of the 20th century in fields ranging from literature to visual culture and beyond. This course will explore some of the debates around modernism and postmodernism through theoretical texts as well as through works which have influenced or have been influenced by the course of these ideas.
The Body and the Social	CULT 433	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	According to some traditional accounts of society and of subjectivity, the body's role is what may not - as mortal, or medical - be socialized. Natural, or primitive, or super -sophisticated, the body is often understood to set limits to the reaches of social relations.This course will question these understandings by exploring the representations of "the body" in a wide range of media from visual images and medical records to literary texts, accounts of war, and human rights reports. Questions of cultural representation, identity, and power will form the focal point of the reading and discussions on different theories of the human body.
Advanced Cultural Theory	CULT 434	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines different conceptions of culture, the debates about cultural studies as a discipline, and the contemporary modes of cultural analysis through in-depth readings of the writings of several major thinkers of the twentieth century. It provides an introduction to such approaches as Marxism, structuralism, post-structuralism, feminism, and psychoanalysis as well as an opportunity for critical engagement with the thoughts of such influential cultural theorists as W. Benjamin, T. Adorno, J. Derrida, M. Foucault, L. Irigaray, J. Butler, and S. Zizek.
Representations of Violence	CULT 435	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Much attention has been devoted in recent years to understanding violence. As creative works have sought to document violence and understand its causes, accurate description and representation have often been deemed necessary to the process of healing and the prevention of future violence. This emphasis on describing and representing violence can, however, end up recreating in text or image another form of violence. Analyzing and critiquing hate speech or violent pornography, for example, may also mean repeating it. Making someone understand the experiences of war and other atrocities requires a certain art in representing the violence; the more explicit the image or text, the more one is made to feel the impact of the violence. At what point do such representations end up perpetrating violence as they aestheticize it? And more importantly perhaps, can these works also suggest solutions to violence? This course will explore answers to these questions through theoretical works, as well as through textual and visual representations of violence. This is a research seminar and requires the active participation of students in presentations and class discussions. Graduate students are also expected to carry out original research towards the final paper. For the possibility of taking this course at the graduate level see CULT 535.
Gender in the Middle East	CULT 441	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces the key issues and debates in the study of gender in the Middle East. It aims to provide a gendered analysis of the prevailing discourses, ideologies and social movements in the region and to equip students with skills and methodologies to analyse the shaping of the gender identities in relation to social, political and cultural processes from the late 19th century to the present. The course also aims to link the historical questions and issues regarding gender to contemporary discussions and discourses on femininities and masculinities in the Middle East. Core topics include the interconnections between feminism and nationalism , the veiling debate, women’s agency, Islamic feminism, masculinities, and politics of sexuality during and after the Arab Spring.
Gendered Memories of War and Political Violence	CULT 442	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	20th century has been ''a century of wars, global and local, hot and cold? (Catherine Lutz). The course explores the different ways in which war and political violence are remembered through a gender lens. Central questions include: what are the gendered effects of war, political violence, and militarization? How have wars, genocide and other forms of political violence been narrated and represented? How do women remember and narrate gendered violence in war? How are post-conflict processes and transitional justice gendered? What is the relationship between testimony, storytelling, and healing? How is the relationship between the ''personal'' and the ''public/national'' reconstructed in popular culture, film, literature, and (auto)biographical texts dealing with war, genocide, and other forms of political violence? How are wars memorialized and gendered through monuments, museums, and other memory sites? Besides others, case studies on Hungary, Türkiye, Germany, Rwanda, former Yugoslavia, and Argentina will be used to elaborate the key concepts and debates in the emerging literature on gender, memory, and war.
Gender, War and Peace	CULT 443	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The 20th century has been a century of wars, hot and cold. This course explores the gendered aspects of wars, militarism, and peace politics. The first part of the course, War, Militarism and Gender, focuses on the ways in which wars, militaries and military service have shaped gendered self understandings in the 20th century. The second part, Women and Peace, is based on a historical survey of women's peace activism in different parts of the world. The third section, Feminism and Peace Politics, highlights feminist theorizing on peace and peace politics. For the possibility of taking this course as a graduate seminar, see CULT 643.
Gender and Sexuality in Türkiye	CULT 444	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will explore a wide variety of texts ranging from academic, literary and political writings to films and documentaries on gender and sexuality in Türkiye. Topics include the evolution of the feminist movement from the late nineteenth century till today, the experiences and narratives of masculinity, violence against women, virginity debates, the interconnections between gender and nationalism, religious and state discourses on the body, the politics of secularism and Islam, the writings and experiences of minorities, politics of sexuality and queer politics.
Gender and Media	CULT 446	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Media in all its forms – print, Internet, television, music, etc. – are a major force in creating and inventing reality for the world. This course addresses how our ideas about sex and our identities as men, women, and sexual beings are constructed, contested and subverted in different sites within media culture. It explores the complex relationships between media texts, their production as well as consumption. In addition to engaging with various theoretical perspectives, it also aims to acquire students with a working knowledge of critical viewing and deconstruction methodologies by participating in small teams which focus on different media genres (these might include children’s cartoons, the soap opera, music video, talk shows, etc.)
Harem Fictions: From Montesquieu to Mernissi	CULT 449	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Is harem a space? Is it an institution? What notions of gender and sexuality are affiliated with and informed by the notion of harem? This course investigates the cultural work of harem as represented in several socio-cultural and historical contexts, through reading some historical essays on harem; then moving onto a series of European texts, paintings, photographs, fashion, and films.
Issues in Journalism and Democracy	CULT 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide an appreciation for the complexities of the role of media in a democracy. Lectures and class discussions will focus on such issues as press coverage of politics, conflict and violence and public policy issues, using examples from the United States, Türkiye and Europe. Students will examine the basic skills involved in reporting and writing a news story. They will also be required to report and write their own articles, which will be critiqued.
Nation, History and Culture in Museums	CULT 451	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course investigates the relation of the museum to modernity and its role in negotiating history, culture and nation. It highlights the role of certain selected objects in remembering history and interpreting culture. In light of the readings and museum visits, students will discuss how the museum represents the notions of heritage, and how it contributes to the reconstruction of collective memory.
Myth, Art and Politics	CULT 452	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The notions of "myth" and "mythology" acquired a new meaning at the end of the 18th century. This "invention" of myth has given birth to the field of comparative mythology. As the cradle for the Romantic dreams of a "new mythology", it became a constant reference for the theories and philosophies of art in the 19th and 20th centuries. Finally, it has become the vade mecum of Nazi politics. The course explores this modern concept of myth through a number of texts where the same questions are broached from different perspectives. It also aims to examine how the philological invention of myth presides over the self-invention of ''ethnographic'' nations and nationalisms.
Spaces of Migration	CULT 453	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores how migratory movements and attempts at their regulation produce space as well as scale, and reviews the theoretical constructs (such as transnationalism and translocalism) that account for the emergent spatialities of migrant connections. Topics to be covered include how migrants make place and negotiate home in their everyday lives, how experiences of localization vary among cities, how life in camps may deffer from or resemble life in the city, how states undertake spatial strategies to deter migrant flows (including excision of territories, pushbacks of border- crossers and creation of 'hotspots'), how migration routes come into being (including through smuggling networks), are governed and closed off to be re-channeled elsewhere, and what moral geographies correspond to processes of migration by assigning social legitimacy to particular mobilities.
Cultures of Migration	CULT 454	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course investigates forms of culture that arise out of migration. In rap music, internet blogs, puppetry and bilingual theater, as well as in the more traditional genres of literature and poetry, the course looks at how migrants and their descendents use cultural work to explore questions of identity, citizenship and community. The course may include work by migrants in and across Europe, the Americas, Asia or Africa; it will also look at the transnational connections migrants make among these different spaces. Students are encouraged to discover and analyze new cultural production in any media, using the theoretical resources developed over the semester.
Cultures and Politics of Law Reform	CULT 460	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Law reform is often seen as a technical issue that involves the transplantation of existing 'successful' models into new social contexts. Our course begins with a theoretical questioning of this common sense view of 'models' and 'prescriptions'. We will try to rethink the context of law reform as a field of social relations that enable multiple actors to construct a variety of cultural meanings and enter into power struggles with each other. Our discussions will revolve around case studies - from Türkiye. Middle East, Eastern Europe and Latin America-that involve particular proposals and actions of law reform. We will examine the actors, their interests, the cultural idiom through which they transmit those interests, and what emerges out of their contestations. In this way we will try to develop a dynamic, culturally and politically informed understanding of law reform.
Postsocialism	CULT 462	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will examine how experiences of communism in different contexts in Eastern Europe were lived, how they are remembered, and how they bear on present processes of "transition" and European integration. Topics include: collectivisation and privatisation; nationalism, internationalism and minorities; women and work; models of development.
Men and Mesculinities	CULT 480	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to be study of men as gendered social beings and masculinities as learnt, reproduced or challenged performances. Topics include an interdisciplinary examination of social and personal meanings of masculinity; variety of male experience by social class, race, sexuality, and age; emerging masculinities of the future; males' diverse experiences as boys/men;and public discourses and representations about changing masculinities.
Advanced Topics in Cultural Studies I	CULT 491	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course addresses current issues in the field of Cultural Studies at a level appropriate for graduate students and advanced undergraduates. The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered. Topics and approaches may be drawn from anthropology, history, literature, sociology or visual studies.
Advanced Topics in Cultural Studies II	CULT 492	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course addresses current issues in the field of Cultural Studies at a level appropriate for graduate students and advanced undergraduates. The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered. Topics and approaches may be drawn from anthropology, history, literature, sociology or visual studies.
Thematic Approaches to Contemporary Turkish Culture	CULT 493	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Based on readings of urban space as well as analyses of visual and written texts, this course will trace and map current cultural dynamics and ambivalences of contemporary Türkiye Each semester the course will be structured around a different theme, emphasizing the ways in which politics and culture are articulated in present-day Türkiye.
Advanced Programming for Data Science	DSA 201	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course blends the introduction of basic basicdata science and analytics concepts with advanced programming topics. Students gain experience in programming as they learn to use modern programming libraries for data analysis and visualization. Additionally, object-oriented concepts, algorithmic efficiency, and basic data structures are introduced.
Introduction to Data Science	DSA 210	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Data science spans a large variety of disciplines and requires a collection of skills. This course is intended to tour the basic techniques of data science from manipulation and summarizing the important characteristics of a data set, exploratory data analysis, basic statistical modeling and visualization.
Data Visualization	DSA 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In this Data Visualization course, students will embark on an exploration of how to effectively represent and communicate data through visual means. The course begins with foundational concepts, including principles of visual perception and design, to understand how to create intuitive and engaging visualizations. Students will learn to leverage various types of visual representations such as charts, graphs, and interactive dashboards, and will delve into advanced techniques like data mapping, multidimensional visualizations, and real-time data interaction. The course will also cover essential tools and technologies used in the field, including popular visualization libraries and software. Emphasis will be placed on both the theoretical aspects of visualization and practical skills, ensuring students can translate complex data sets into clear, actionable insights. Through hands-on projects and real-world case studies, students will gain experience in designing and implementing effective visualizations that meet the needs of diverse audiences and stakeholders.
Internship Project	DSA 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All DSA FENS students are required to complete an internship project (DSA 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical an communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a DSA Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Big Data Processing	DSA 428	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Storing Big Data : Apache Hadoop • Introduction to Apache Hadoop and the Hadoop Ecosystem • Apache Hadoop Overview • Apache Hadoop Cluster Components • HDFS Architecture • YARN Architecture Processing Big Data: Apache Spark • What is Apache Spark? • Getting Started with RDD and DataFrames • RDD and DataFrame Operations • Spark SQL Machine Learning on Big Data : Apache Spark ML • Spark ML • Regression, Classification and Clustering • Feature Selection and Vectorizing • Parameter Tuning, Cross Validation Processing Data Streams : Apache Spark Streaming & Kafka • Apache Spark Streaming Overview • Sliding Window Operations • Structured Streaming • Apache Kafka Data Sources • Kafka Topics • Kafka Producers and Consumers
Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics	DSA 440	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Artificial Intelligence systems have become increasingly involved with our lives. These systems can be used in relatively low-stakes decision making such as recommender systems but they are also used in medical contexts too. More recently, wider public use generative AI tools such as ChatGPT and Midjourney to write documents, reports, and emails, or create pictures, and logos to use in various ways. All of these introduce ethical challenges with implications on data ethics, privacy, bias, sustainability, and so on. This course will introduce the ethical implications of artificial intelligence to the students. We will also discuss our role in this and how to take steps to minimize harm as people working with big data and AI (e.g. future researchers, software engineers, or analysts).
Time Series and Forecasting Models	DSA 473	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Time series have various applications in different disciplines, and they form an important class of machine learning models. This course will discuss time series models and their use in forecasting. In the course, various model fitting approaches will be studied, stationary processes will be discussed, and some Bayesian dynamic models will be introduced. Practical examples and implementations will beshown with R.
Graduation Project	DSA 492	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All DSA students are required to complete a graduation project as a part of DSA 492 course requirement. DSA 492 is a capstone course where students collaborate in groups to undertake a comprehensive project in data science and analytics. This course emphasizes the application of theoretical knowledge to real-world problems, requiring students to analyze, interpret, and present data-driven solutions. Throughout the semester, students will document their progress through detailed reports and conclude their efforts with a final comprehensive report. The course aims to enhance teamwork, project management, and technical skills, preparing students for professional roles in the data science and analytics field. Students must have completed 91 credits and, in addition, they must have completed the prerequisite courses.
Principles of Macroeconomics	ECON 2002	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Basic concepts of accounting and determination of national income. Classical theory of output and employment, determination of national savings, investment and consumption. Theories of economic growth. The balance of payments, exchange rate systems, trade and financial flows; monetary and fiscal policy; labour market adjustment at the macroeconomic level ; inflation and anti-inflationary policies.
Principles of Microeconomics	ECON 2004	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Consumer theory and demand; production, costs and supply; analysis of market structure; welfare, market failures, imperfect information and the role of the government in a market economy.
Games and Strategies	ECON 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Examples and formulation of games, solution concepts: games with sequential moves, backward induction, games with simultaneous moves in normal form, Nash equilibrium, mixed strategies, subgame perfect equilibrium; prisoners' dilemma games, games with strategic moves, games with asymmetric games, games with strategic moves, games with asymmetric information, collective-action games, evolutionary games, voting, bargaining, bidding concepts of game theory. Applications to law, government, politics, diplomacy, business, management and economic behaviour. information, collective-action games, evolutionary games, voting, bargaining, bidding.
Macroeconomics	ECON 202	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Basic concepts of accounting and determination of national income. Classical theory of output and employment, determination of national savings, investment and consumption. Theories of economic growth. The balance of payments, exchange rate systems, trade and financial flows; monetary and fiscal policy; labour market adjustment at the macroeconomic level; inflation and anti-inflationary policies.
Microeconomics	ECON 204	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Consumer theory and demand; production, costs and supply; analysis of market structure; welfare, market failures, imperfect information and the role of the government in a market economy.
Project and Internship	ECON 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Econometrics	ECON 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Simple linear regression, least squares, generalized least squares; goodness of fit; prediction; inference, confidence intervals and hypothesis testing; empirical modeling of economic theory; introduction to econometric packages.
Game Theory	ECON 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Noncooperative games in extensive and normal forms solution concepts and refinements, rationalizibility; games with perfect information, behavioural strategies; incomplete information, Bayesian-Nash equilibrium, sequential rationality; cooperative games, games in coalitional form, convex games, balanced games : core, Shapley value, nucleolus; bargaining; coalition structure games; applications.
Behavioral Economics	ECON 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course is based on a set of questions or puzzles related to economics, and then discusses their importance. The course also involves some instructive quick experiments to illustrate how individuals' behavior deviates from the standard model. These experiments make students effortlessly identify the systematic deviations from the standard theory and understand the limitations of the existing models. Behavioral models that use insights from psychology are introduced to explain the puzzle and applied to illustrate new insights and predictions with a debate about the weaknesses of behavioral models.
Public Economics	ECON 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Fundamental theorems of welfare economics; theories of government; public goods; externalities; public choice; income redistribution; taxation, income distribution and efficiency; public production, incentives and the bureaucracy; privatization.
Education Economics and Policy	ECON 321	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The role and value of education in the economy; human capital accumulation and economic growth; private and public financing of education; private and social returns to education; schooling quality and educational production; access to education; signaling; non-pecuniary benefits of education; income distribution, equality and social cohesion; performance management and indicators in the education sector, public intervention tools (vouchers, conditional cash transfers, loans).
Health Economics and Policy	ECON 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introduction to the efficiency and ethical issues involved in distribution of health care. Cost-benefit and cost effectiveness analyses to evaluate public and private sector health policies. Exploring the link between health and nutrition. Health insurance policies, quality assurance and the role of the government and professional organizations in provision of health services.
Energy and Environmental Economics	ECON 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course equips students with skills and methodologies to analyze energy markets and issues related to the environment. It addresses topics such as energy markets, pricing and competition in energy markets, regulation in energy markets, energy markets in developing countries, environmental policies, market failure, public policy and environment, the efficient and optimal use of natural resources, and climate change.
Industrial Organization	ECON 330	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Perfect competition; monopoly; price discrimination; oligopoly; markets for homogeneous and differentiated products; strategic behaviour and entry barriers; advertising; quality; vertical relations; network effects; competition law and policy.
Economics of Information	ECON 335	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In many economic situations, economic actors do not have the full knowledge of the economic environment they are in and/or the actions taken (or will be taken) by the other actors. Often some actors have better (or more) knowledge than others. There are dramatic effects of these ''information asymmetries'' on the functioning of the markets and the formation of economic institutions in the society. This course offers a coherent framework to think about these problems. The topics covered include decision making under uncertainty (expected utility theorem, attitudes towards risk), adverse selection, signaling, moral hazard, theory of incentives and contracts, principal-agent problems, incomplete contracts, mechanism design as well as many applications such as price discrimination, efficiency wages and unemployment, credit markets, entrepreneurship, partnerships, hold-up problems, property rights, herd behavior and information cascades, reputation, auctions, matching, and optimal taxation.
International Economics	ECON 340	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	International trade: comparative advantage and gains from trade; technology and trade; specific factors and income distribution; factor endowments and trade; free trade, protection and national welfare; market imperfections and trade policy. International finance: the balance of payments; exchange rate and foreign exchange market; money, interest and exchange rates; capital mobility and fiscal and monetary policy.
Corporate Finance	ECON 341	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Corporate governance, corporate debt and determinants of debt capacity, convertible debt, credit rationing, equity contracts, the decision to go public, monitoring by large shareholders, takeovers.
International Finance	ECON 345	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Basic concepts, tools and facts needed for the macroeconomic analysis of open economies: national income accounting and the balance of payments; the relationship between interest rates and exchange rates; the behavior of prices, interest rates, nominal and real exchange rates and output under fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes and different international capital flow systems; financial crises and international macroeconomic interdependence.
Global Finance and Multinational Corporation	ECON 346	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Multinational Corporation (MNC), an analysis of current global financial issues including global imbalances, and country risk ratings. Special emphasis will be placed on the way the modern MNC organizes its activities and on the analysis of the incentive mechanism of MNCs. While the course focuses on understanding the basic theory behind these issues, it also examines empirical evidence and examples of firms' real world activities with the goal of preparing a student for a career dealing with financial decision making in an international environment.
Essentials of Project and Infrastructure Finance	ECON 347	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course equips students with skills and methodologies to analyze large-scale investment projects, decide on the feasibility of a project, calculate economic cost and benefits of the project and understand various ways of financing large-scale investments. It addresses topics such as the funding sources, business strategy, debt capacity, the problems of partners, hedging political risk, conceptual foundations of cost-benefit analysis and its alternatives, dealing with uncertainty and the social discount rate. Topics include discussions of case studies and lessons from experiences in Public -Private Partnerships.
Financial Institutions and Markets	ECON 350	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Money and interest rates; portfolio choice, behavior of interest rates and risk; foreign exchange market; financial institutions, banking industry; central bank and monetary policy; money supply process; determinants of money supply and tools of monetary policy; international financial system; monetary policy in open economies; demand for money; money and inflation.
Advanced Macroeconomics	ECON 360	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Economic growth, business cycles: real business cycles, Keynesian theories of business cycles, nominal rigidities; consumption: life-cycle and permanent income hypotheses, interest rates and savings; investment: cost of capital, the effects of uncertainty; government debt; unemployment; inflation and monetary policy.
Advanced Microeconomics	ECON 370	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Individual and social choice, uncertainty; core and competitive equilibrium; fundamental theorems of economics; partial equilibrium, cost-benefit analysis; topics in economics of information, dynamic competition, auction theory; topics in cooperative microeconomics network economics; topics in mechanism design
Topics in Macroeconomics: Emerging Market Macroeconomics	ECON 391	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Issues in and problems of emerging economies; exchange rate determination; problems of capital flows; money and prices; financial institutions in emerging markets; financial crisis fiscal and monetary policy; stabilization programs; foreign investment
Independent Study	ECON 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
History of Economic Thought	ECON 400	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introduction and early beginnings: ancient and medieval economic thought; mercantilism and the dawn of capitalism; the classical period, Adam Smith, David Ricardo; reactions and alternatives to classical theory, Karl Marx and scientific socialism; neo-classical school Keynesian and post-Keynesian theories; monetarist theories.
Applied Econometrics	ECON 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The purpose of this course is to provide students with state of the art econometric methods for empirical analysis of micro data (individuals, households, firms etc.). Issues related to specification, estimation and identification of different models with cross-section and panel data will be studied. The course has an emphasis both on the econometric techniques and their applications to different topics. Students are expected to read assigned papers and undertake numerous practical assignments using a modern econometric software package.
Advanced Macroeconomics	ECON 402	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Economic growth, business cycles: real business cycles, Keynesian theories of business cycles, nominal rigidities; consumption: life-cycle and permanent income hypotheses, interest rates and savings; investment: cost of capital, the effects of uncertainty; government debt; unemployment; inflation and monetary policy.
Economic History	ECON 403	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	History of economic change and institutions from the Medieval Era onwards: key transformations that led to the industrial revolution; the impact of these transformations on economic, social and political life and global hierarchies.
Advanced Microeconomics	ECON 404	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Individual and social choice, uncertainty; core and competitive equilibrium; fundamental theorems of economics; partial equilibrium, cost-benefit analysis; topics in economics of information, dynamic competition, auction theory; topics in cooperative microeconomics network economics; topics in mechanism design
Law and Economics	ECON 405	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The legal system can be viewed as a set of rules governing social and economic interactions and conduct in a society. This course analyzes whether and how the legal system promotes social welfare and efficiency of economic activity, and offers the student an alternative, economic perspective on law. It applies microeconomic theory to the analysis of several subfields of law, such as property law, contracts, tort law and legal processes. It introduces the student to the economics of law enforcement and to the trade offs the society faces in controlling crime and punishing offenders.
The Political Economy of European Integration	ECON 407	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims at providing the students with a basic understanding of the interaction between politics and the economy in the integration of European. The course will first underline the historical and socio-economic context of European integration in the aftermath of World War II. Second, the course will focus on the dynamics of markets and government policies as they shape one another in the newly emerging institutional framework of EC and EU. Third, the course will analyse the challenges for the European economies and polities in present day global economy and increasingly volatile international relations with their newly developing alliances and institutions
Competition and Regulation	ECON 412	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Competition law and policy in Türkiye and the European Union; agreements and concerted practices; vertical restraints; abuse of dominant position; competition and regulation in the telecommunications and energy industries: privatization and liberalization; universal services; models and contracts that encourage public-private partnerships in investments
Applied Macroeconomics	ECON 414	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Macroeconomic policy in developed economies; problems and issues of developing economies; the international financial system; globalization and macroeconomic policy in emerging economies; European economic integration and enlargement of the EU; economic and legal institutions and business ethics; evaluation of economic performance.
Growth and Development	ECON 420	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Basic features of modern economic growth; theories of economic growth: neoclassical growth model, endogenous growth models, convergence of income levels political economy of development and economic growth; growth and inequality; poverty and undernutrition; population growth and development; rural-urban interaction and growth; role of factor markets in economic development; international trade and growth.
From Plan to Market: Economic Transformation in Eastern Europe	ECON 422	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Analysis of the events that took place after the fall of the Wall in 1989 in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union. At this point in time, these countries set forth on a dramatic transformation of their economies, from a centrally-planned with a huge hierarchy directing most economic activity, into market economies. Sweeping reforms are carried out, including privatization of large numbers of state-owned companies, development of new legal systems and creation of new financial institutions. The course studies the very challenging undertaking task of creating new market economies from scratch, a process which is still not complete fifteen years later.
Economics of the Welfare State	ECON 423	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Theories of social justice; origins and evolution of the welfare state; insurance theory and social insurance; cash benefits (unemployment insurance, health insurance, disability insurance, poverty relief, pensions); non-cash benefits (education and health services); targeting and conditionality; financing the welfare state; current controversies; welfare policies in Türkiye.
Welfare Economics	ECON 424	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Competitive price mechanism and its welfare properties. Economic justice; public goods; social welfare functions; Arrow's impossibility theorem; Sen's liberal paradox; voting and aggregation rules. Applications and discussion topics include privatization and allocation of resources for national defense.
Topics in Political Economics	ECON 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Analysis of selected topics in political decision making processes, based on economic theory. Special political science topics selected by the instructor will be analyzed in depth.
Labor Economics	ECON 430	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Analysis of labor markets in relation to determination of wages, conditions of work, the distribution of employment; the market demand for labor and the supply of labor; discrimination wage, salary differentials, compensation schemes; job mobility and migration; power in trade unions; the collective bargaining system; government intervention in the labor market.
Topics in Economics of Globalization and Development	ECON 440	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Special topics selected by the intructor from a list, including: The international trading system; the actual conduct of international trade, and the opportunities and constraints faced by developing countries; conditions and implications of participating in modern international markets; trade and captial account liberalization; the instruments and scope of trade policy and business strategy at the international level; the role of the IMF and the World Bank in developing economies; issues in Latin American and in Asian economic development.
Microeconomics of Banking	ECON 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In all countries, financially advanced or otherwise, financial intermediation is mostly carried out by banks. The course aims at explaining the need for financial intermediation and functions of banks by emphasizing the importance of uncertainty and developing an asymmetric information theory of financial intermediation. In the first part of the course, the focus will be on the bank as an institution. Industrial organization approach to banking and lender/borrower relation are examined. The second part deals with the macroeconomic consequences market imperfections, i.e. financial crisis. The justification for public intervention to deal with the problems caused by the inherent instability of the banking system and globalization are discussed in the last part.
Advanced Microeconomic Theory I	ECON 481	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Consumer and demand theory, production and theory of the firm; competitive markets, partial and general equilibrium theory. This course is offered simultaneously as a graduate seminar, see ECON 501.
Advanced Microeconomic Theory II	ECON 482	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Choice under uncertainty; basic game theory; imperfect competition, strategic interaction, entry; adverse selection, signalling, screening, moral hazard; mechanism mechanism design; general equilibrium under uncertainty; axiomatic and coalitional bargaining, cooperative models. This course is offered simultaneously as a graduate seminar, see ECON 502.
Advanced Macroeconomic Theory I	ECON 483	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Traditional and endogenous growth theories real business cycles, overlapping generation models. This course is offered simultaneously as a graduate seminar, see ECON 503.
Advanced Macroeconomic Theory II	ECON 484	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Real and monetary issues in the open economy, unemployment, models of consumption, investment, money, monetary and fiscal policy. This course is offered simultaneously as a graduate seminar, see ECON 504
Advanced Quantitative Methods	ECON 485	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Linear algebra; probability theory, random variables distributions, hypothesis testing, asymptotic distribution theory, estimation. This course is offered simultaneously as a graduate seminar, see ECON 505
Advanced Econometric Theory	ECON 486	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Classical linear regression model, generalized least squares generalized method of moments, qualitative dependent variable models, time series analysis. This course is offered simultaneously as a graduate seminar, see ECON 506.
Matchings and Markets	ECON 488	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Game theoretic analysis of the matching of individuals with other individuals or items, typically across two sides, as in marriage, university placement, employment, housing. Competitive cooperative solutions: existence, optimality order structures, constructive procedures; strategic properties; auctions, mechanisms; institution and market design.
Topics in Economic Theory	ECON 491	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Advanced issues and models in microeconomic theory.
Seminar on the Turkish Economy	ECON 492	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Different development strategies such as import substitution and import promotion; current economic issues in Türkiye(from 1923 until present)
Understanding Chinese Economy	ECON 493	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide insights into the development and workings of the Chinese Economy and its impact on the World. The topics will cover the economic reform process which made China a major player in the World Economy; the current macroeconomic, financial, and industrial environment; the industrial and technological policies; the foreign policy of China. Chinese politics, as well as its culture and history will also be covered as important background elements of economic life.
Spatial Data Science	ECON 494	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course's central goal is to introduce the student to the analysis and employment of spatial datasets in the social sciences realm. It begins with a thorough description of R's tools and methods to manipulate and visualize geographic data. After becoming acquainted with the construction of spatial variables, the student learns how economists exploit the latter to uncover the causal mechanisms determining the link between historical developments (e.g., the colonization of America) and today's regional development levels. The course also deepens into various statistical models that incorporate parameters governing a given phenomenon's spatial diffusion, thereby tackling questions such as: how intense is the dissemination of violence across space following the outbreak of civil conflict? Will one municipalities' improvements in educational levels spill to adjacent localities? A discussion on estimation techniques, hypothesis testing, and an introduction to Machine Learning methods for spatial data marks the course's end.
Machine Learning for Policy Evaluation	ECON 495	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to analyzing and employing machine learning algorithms to evaluate public policies. To that end, the student first becomes conversant with the core issues of causal statistics, such as the potential outcomes framework, drawing causal diagrams, and recognizing sufficient conditions for statistical identification. Simultaneously, the class touches on the building blocks of R, including data wrangling and functional programming. After acquiring basic knowledge of coding and causal statistics, the material gravitates around the building blocks of machine learning (ML) and their implementation in R. Subsequently, the student learns about the meaningful overlaps between causal statistics and ML by reviewing the notions of Causal Trees and Causal Forests. Finally, a significant portion of the course addresses a series of applications concerning evaluations of public initiatives, such as police reforms, environmental preservation, and educational programs.
Electronic Circuit Implementations	EE 200	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In the first module, Basic Circuit Experiments such as Thevenin Equivalent Circuits, RC and RL first order circuits, Resonance Circuits/Higher order filters, Operational Amplifier Circuit, and basic radio circuit with the use of opamp, diode and RLC circuits. In the second module, DC, small-signal and frequency models of semiconductor devices such as PN diodes, BJT and MOSFETs will be included. Using these models, different circuit implementation will be executed, such as Wave Shaping Circuits (with diodes, op-amps, passives and integral/differentiator circuits), Different Configuration of Single/Multi Stage Amplifiers (CE, CC, DB, and combination of these as multistage amp., CS, CD, CG, and combinations), Oscillators (with BJTs and feedback concepts), etc. Analytical design methodologies, along with CAD tools (such as PSPICE), will also be part of the course for designing and implementing circuits.
Electronic Circuits II	EE 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Concepts of basic semiconductor devices (PN junctions, MOSFETs and BJTs);design of DC bias circuits; DC/AC models of semiconductor devices; Frequency response, small/large-signal analysis of devices/circuits;single-stage, multistage and differential amplifiers; feedback and stability concepts in amplifiers; the use of CAD tools (e.g., Multisim/Pspice) in circuit design and analysis;the use of lab tools/equipments for designing and testing of dc operating points and frequency response of devices, single-and multistage amplifiers.
Electromagnetics II	EE 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, wave propagation in free space, guides, reflections from perfect conducting and from dielectric interfaces, resonators/ antennas. Foundation for rf/microwave engineering.
Digital Integrated Circuits	EE 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) device technologies for large scale integrated (LSI) circuits; inverter circuits, static and transient operation; complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic implementation, full-custom gate design, mask layout fundamentals; static and dynamic logic circuits; sequential logic circuit designs; non-volatile semiconductor memory structures; static and dynamic random access memory design principles.
Analog Integrated Circuits	EE 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	DC, Small-signal and high-frequency design and analysis of CMOS amplifier topologies, including cascode and differential amplifiers; bias circuits; output circuits; active loads; stability and feedback; Noise; multi-stage amplifiers; application examples of CMOS analog integrated circuits: comparators, active filters, signal wave-form generators, etc.; design and verify CMOS analog circuits by using computer aided tools / Cadence.
Introduction to Radio Frequency and Microwave Design	EE 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Electromagnetic wave propagation, transmission line theory microwave transmission systems, passive components, microwave tubes, solid state microwave devices, microwave integrated circuits, S-parameter analysis, microstrip and coplanar lines transmission lines.
Semiconductor Physics and Devices	EE 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course begins with a substantive treatment of the fundamental behavior of semiconductor materials and moves on to the semiconductor diode, the bipolar transistor, and field-effect transistor devices. Building upon these concepts, their operations, biasing, small- and large-signal models are analyzed. Laboratory exercises are provided to reinforce the theory of operation of these devices.
Microcomputer Based System Design	EE 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to hardware and software design of microcomputer systems. Basic working principles of microprocessors, memory and I/O devices, bus interconnections, assembly language programming, integration of hardware and software design. Serial communications, parallel interfacing, interrupts and interupt handlers, timing analysis and delay handling in microcomputer circuits. A term project involving the design and implementation of a self-contained microcomputer system for a specific purpose (i.e., embedded system) will be assigned, in addition to regular software/hardware lab assignments.
Hardware Description Languages	EE 310	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to hardware description languages; VHDL fundamentals, behavioral and structural models; syntax and basic rules; design entry; behavioral simulation; logic synthesis and synthesizeable code development; design mapping to standard cells and/or field programmable gate array (FPGA).
Introduction to Signal Processing and Information Systems	EE 311	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Discrete-time Fourier transform. Discrete-time processing of continuous-time signals. Basic communication concepts, modulation, AM, FM, pulse amplitude modulation. Laplace transform, system response. Z-transform. Systems characterized by differential and difference equations. Control systems and feedback. Uncertainty and randomness in signals and systems.
Discrete-Time Signals and Systems	EE 312	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Review of linear discrete-time systems and sampled and discrete-time signals; Fourier analysis, discrete and fast Fourier transforms; interpolation and decimation; design of infinite-impulse response and finite impulse response filters. introduction to real time processing using Digital Signal Processors (DSP) chips.
Introduction to Communication Systems	EE 313	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Analog and digital modulation and demodulation theory. Review of probability theory and stochastic processes. Statistical characterization of noise and communication channels. Performance of communication systems in the presence of noise.
Digital Communications	EE 314	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Theory and techniques of modern digital communications. Communication limits; modulation and detection; data transmission over channels with intersymbol interference; optimal and suboptimal sequence detection; equalization. Error correction coding; trellis-coded modulation; multiple access.
Internship Project	EE 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All EE FENS students are required to complete an internship project (EE 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in an EE Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Very Large Scale Integrated System Design I	EE 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology and limitations; CMOS circuit and logic design; layout rules and techniques; circuit characterization and performance estimation; CMOS subsystem design, basic building blocks; structured design principles; Very-Large-Scale Integrated (VLSI) system design methods; DRC, logic and circuit simulation.
Very Large Scale Integrated System Design II	EE 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	VLSI system computer aided design (CAD) tools; laboratory experience in custom VLSI system chip design on workstations using concepts of cell hierarchy; design of large adder arrays and multipliers; VLSI architecture design; pipelining; low-power design strategies; final proje involving specification, design and evaluation of a VLSI chip or VLSI CAD program; written report and oral presentation on the final project.
Optoelectronics	EE 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Materials for optoelectronics, optical processes in semiconductors, absorption and radiation, transition rates and carrier lifetime. principles of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), lasers, photodetectors, modulators and solar cells. Optoelectronic integrated circuits Designs, demonstrations and projects related to optoelectronic device phenomena.
Introduction to Microelectromechanical Systems	EE 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Fundamentals of MEMS fabrication techonology, sensor component design and system integration issues are main focus this course. Advantages and disadvantages, application (automotive, defense, aerospace, microfluidics, biotech, medical, etc.), commercialization, manufacturability, packaging, and interfacing of the techonology are also covered. A design project is assigned via case study in this class.
Communication Circuit Design	EE 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Design of radio frequency (RF) systems for transmission of information; types of receivers, matching techniques, receiver and antenna noise, types of modulation, high-frequency circuitry, and point-to-point and satellite communications.
Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication	EE 406	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Dipoles, loops, reflectors, Yagis, helices, slots, horns, microstrips. Antennas as transitions between guided and free radiation, ultrasound analogue. Pattern measurements. Radar equations. Feeds, matching, baluns. Broadbanding. Arrays, aperture synthesis, interferometry, very-long- baseline interferometry. Thermal radiation, antenna temperature, microwave passive remote sensing.
Microelectronic Fabrication	EE 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Semiconductor growth; material characterization; lithography tools; photo-resist models; thin film deposition; chemical etching and plasma etching; electrical contact formation; microstructure processing; and process modeling.
Modeling of Semiconductor Devices	EE 408	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Semiconductor materials and their electronic properties and applications to electronic devices; p-n junctions; transistors; junction field effect transistors and MOS devices; and introduction to integrated circuits. Detailed presentation of advanced concepts such as generation- recombination, hot electron effects, and breakdown mechanisms; essential features of small ac characteristics, switching and transient behavior of p-n junctions, bipolar and MOS transistors; addresses fundamental issues for device modeling and discusses the perspective and limitations of Si-devices.
Microwaves	EE 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Generation, transmission, control, and detection of electromagnetic waves. Antennas, cavities, couplers. Path loss, multipath, modulation techniques. Passive and active microwave devices, including filters, amplifiers, mixers, couplers, power dividers, and diplexers, that constitute wireless communication systems between the antenna and the digital signal processor.
Information and Coding Theory	EE 410	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Mathematical models for communication channels and sources; entropy, information, lossless data compression, Huffman coding, channel capacity, Shannon's theorems rate-distortion theory.
RF Integrated Circuits.	EE 411	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will deliver RF integrated circuits design methodologies using CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS technologies while also providing advantages/disadvantages of other RF technologies in terms of RF/microwave figure of merits. RF integrated circuit design fundamental/parameters will be reviewed, S-parameters, nonlinearity, sensitivity, efficiency, noise figure, input, output dynamic ranges, matching, etc., and implemented, along with circuit design fundamentals, at different circuits, such as Low Noise Amplifiers, Mixers, Oscillators, Frequency Synthesizers, and Power Amplifiers, Phase Shifters, Attenuators, etc. Recitation/Lab implementations will be carried out by designing such circuits using CAD tools, such as Cadence, ADS, Momentum, Sonnet, and also will include testing practices of such circuits.
Wireless Communications	EE 413	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The cellular concept, channel assignment strategies, frequency reuse, handoff strategies, interference and system capacity, mobile radio propagation: large-scale path loss, small-scale fading and multipath, modulation techniques for mobile radio, diversity combining techniques, multiple access techniques for wireless communications.
Multimedia Communication	EE 414	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Data transmission and encoding. Error detection techniques. Automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocols. Medium access control techniques: Aloha, CSMA/CD, GSM, Token Ring, FDDI, Network control stability. High-speed gigabit networks. ATM. Performance evaluation and monitoring M/M/1 Queues and networks of Queues.
Digital Speech and Audio Processing	EE 415	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Linear Predictive modelling of Speech. Pitch Estimation Speech Modelling. Speech Coding using Linear Predictive methods: LPC-10, CELP, MELP algorithms. Speech recognition, and synthesis. Audio processing and coding, MPEG standard.
Computer Vision	EE 417	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Image filtering, Image pyramids, Hough transform, Feature and corner detection, Content description, Learning and recognition, Warping, Homographies, Geometric camera models, Two view geometry and stereo, Structure from motion, Depth estimation, Optical flow, Object tracking
Signal Processing Design and Implementation	EE 419	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Development of real-time digital signal processing (DSP) systems using a DSP microprocessor; several structured laboratory exercises, such as sampling and real-time time discrete-time filtering, median filtering, FFT implementation. DSP projects.
Mixed-Signal Integrated Circuits	EE 440	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course starts with the building blocks of mixed-signal integrated circuits, mostly data converters and frequency synthesizers: comparators, sampling circuits, amplifiers voltage controlled oscillators, charge pumps, phase-frequency detectors, etc. Then, it continues with an detailed overview of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Students will learn about several ADC architectures and basic PLL architecture and design an ADC as a course project.
Optics	EE 444	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to 2-D linear system theory and 2-D Fourier transforms; fundamentals of physical optics and diffraction theory, Fourier optics, imaging properties of optical systems; introduction to optical signal processing; optical interferometer methods and optical sensing devices and technology including fiber optic interferometric sensors and optical gyroscopes including signal processing methods both in hardware and software; digital imaging methods, including 3D image formation and holography; 3D display technologies.
Biomedical Instrumentation	EE 473	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Principles of biomedical transducers; amplifiers and signal processing; the origin, sensing and amplification of biopotentials; blood flow and pressure measurement; medical imaging, medical ultrasound and array signal processing; patient safety in medical instrumentation.
Special Topics in Microelectronics	EE 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in EE: RF Integrated Circuits Design	EE 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in EE: Nanoscale Integrated Circuit Design	EE 48001	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course describes high performance and low power integrated circuit (IC) design issues for advanced nanoscale technologies. After a brief review of VLSI design methodologies and current IC trends, fundamental challenges related to the conventional CMOS technologies are described. The shift from logic-centric to interconnect-centric design is emphasized. Primary aspects of an interconnect- centric design flow are described in four phases: (1) general characteristics of on-chip interconnects, (2) on-chip interconnects for data signals, (3) on-chip power generation and distribution, and (4) on-chip clock generation and distribution. Existing design challenges faced by IC industry are investigated for each phase. Tradeoffs among various design criteria such as speed-power-noise-area are highlighted. In the last phase of the course, several post-CMOS devices, emerging circuit styles, and architectures are briefly discussed. At the end of the course, the students will have a thorough understanding of the primary circuit and physical level design challenges with application to industrial IC design. )
Special Topics in EE: Sensor Networks	EE 48002	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Sensors, getting smaller down to nano-scales, serve grandiose objectives such as Artificial Intelligence aiding and supporting humanity in the current facilitating background of Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things. This course will focus on the communication of sensors of differing scales; from nano sensors to smart dust to seismic sensors, in different media such as underground, under water, and air. Rather than device level electronics and physical layer communications, we will study networking algorithms and efficiency. This course is project-based.
Special Topics in EE: Power systems analysis	EE 48004	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to power systems. Typical structures, generation sources, renewables, transmission and distribution. Simulation software. Matrix representation of grids. Nodal analysis, modified nodal analysis, state equations and hybrid analysis. Steady-state. Modeling of lines, transformers, loads and generators. Short circuit studies with sequence networks. Load flow Multiphase load flow. Voltage stability. Introduction to electromechanical transients. Introduction to electromagnetic transients.
Special Topics in EE: Heterogeneous Computing and System-on-Chip Design	EE 48008	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	1. Introduction - System-on-Chip (SoC), System-on-System (SoS) 2. Processor Design Approach 3. Processor Performance Modeling 4. Pipelining 5. Shared Memory Systems and Coherency 6. HW/SW Co-Design 7. Accelerator-based System Design 8. Basics of Chips and Hardware Accelerators 9. Hardware Accelerators and Co-Processors 10. Parallel SoC Systems and Programming 11. On-Chip Interconnection 12. SoC Communication Architectures 13. Network on Chip (NoC) and NoC-based Interconnection 14. SoC Application Case Studies
Special Topics in Telecommunications	EE 482	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Electronic Circuits II	EL 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Concepts of basic semiconductor devices (PN junctions, MOSFETs and BJTs);design of DC bias circuits; DC/AC models of semiconductor devices; Frequency response, small/large-signal analysis of devices/circuits;single-stage, multistage and differential amplifiers; feedback and stability concepts in amplifiers; the use of CAD tools (e.g., Multisim/Pspice) in circuit design and analysis;the use of lab tools/equipments for designing and testing of dc operating points and frequency response of devices, single-and multistage amplifiers.
Semiconductor Physics and Devices	EL 204	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course begins with a substantive treatment of the fundamental behavior of semiconductor materials and moves on to the semiconductor diode, the bipolar transistor, and field-effect transistor devices. Building upon these concepts, their operations, biasing, small- and large-signal models are analyzed. Laboratory exercises are provided to reinforce the theory of operation of these devices.
Digital Integrated Circuits	EL 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) device technologies for large scale integrated (LSI) circuits; inverter circuits, static and transient operation; complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic implementation, full-custom gate design, mask layout fundamentals; static and dynamic logic circuits; sequential logic circuit designs; non-volatile semiconductor memory structures; static and dynamic random access memory design principles.
Analog Integrated Circuits	EL 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	DC, Small-signal and high-frequency design and analysis of CMOS amplifier topologies, including cascode and differential amplifiers; bias circuits; output circuits; active loads; stability and feedback; Noise; multi-stage amplifiers; application examples of CMOS analog integrated circuits: comparators, active filters, signal wave-form generators, etc.; design and verify CMOS analog circuits by using computer aided tools / Cadence.
Modeling of Semiconductor Devices	EL 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Semiconductor materials and their electronic properties and applications to electronic devices; p-n junctions; transistors; junction field effect transistors and MOS devices; and introduction to integrated circuits. Detailed presentation of advanced concepts such as generation- recombination, hot electron effects, and breakdown mechanisms; essential features of small ac characteristics, switching and transient behavior of p-n junctions, bipolar and MOS transistors; addresses fundamental issues for device modeling and discusses the perspective and limitations of Si-devices.
Optoelectronics	EL 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Materials for optoelectronics, optical processes in semiconductors, absorption and radiation, transition rates and carrier lifetime. principles of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), lasers, photodetectors, modulators and solar cells. Optoelectronic integrated circuits Designs, demonstrations and projects related to optoelectronic device phenomena.
Introduction to Radio Frequency and Microwave Design	EL 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Electromagnetic wave propagation, transmission line theory microwave transmission systems, passive components, microwave tubes, solid state microwave devices, microwave integrated circuits, S-parameter analysis, microstrip and coplanar lines transmission lines.
Microcomputer Based System Design	EL 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to hardware and software design of microcomputer systems. Basic working principles of microprocessors, memory and I/O devices, bus interconnections, assembly language programming, integration of hardware and software design. Serial communications, parallel interfacing, interrupts and interupt handlers, timing analysis and delay handling in microcomputer circuits. A term project involving the design and implementation of a self-contained microcomputer system for a specific purpose (i.e., embedded system) will be assigned, in addition to regular software/hardware lab assignments.
Hardware Description Languages	EL 310	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to hardware description languages; VHDL fundamentals, behavioral and structural models; syntax and basic rules; design entry; behavioral simulation; logic synthesis and synthesizeable code development; design mapping to standard cells and/or field programmable gate array (FPGA).
Very Large Scale Integrated System Design I	EL 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology and limitations; CMOS circuit and logic design; layout rules and techniques; circuit characterization and performance estimation; CMOS subsystem design, basic building blocks; structured design principles; Very-Large-Scale Integrated (VLSI) system design methods; DRC, logic and circuit simulation.
Very Large Scale Integrated System Design II	EL 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	VLSI system computer aided design (CAD) tools; laboratory experience in custom VLSI system chip design on workstations using concepts of cell hierarchy; design of large adder arrays and multipliers; VLSI architecture design; pipelining; low-power design strategies; final proje involving specification, design and evaluation of a VLSI chip or VLSI CAD program; written report and oral presentation on the final project.
Introduction to Microelectromechanical Systems	EL 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Fundamentals of MEMS fabrication techonology, sensor component design and system integration issues are main focus this course. Advantages and disadvantages, application (automotive, defense, aerospace, microfluidics, biotech, medical, etc.), commercialization, manufacturability, packaging, and interfacing of the techonology are also covered. A design project is assigned via case study in this class.
Communication Circuit Design	EL 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Design of radio frequency (RF) systems for transmission of information; types of receivers, matching techniques, receiver and antenna noise, types of modulation, high-frequency circuitry, and point-to-point and satellite communications.
Microelectronic Fabrication	EL 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Semiconductor growth; material characterization; lithography tools; photo-resist models; thin film deposition; chemical etching and plasma etching; electrical contact formation; microstructure processing; and process modeling.
Optics	EL 444	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to 2-D linear system theory and 2-D Fourier transforms; fundamentals of physical optics and diffraction theory, Fourier optics, imaging properties of optical systems; introduction to optical signal processing; optical interferometer methods and optical sensing devices and technology including fiber optic interferometric sensors and optical gyroscopes including signal processing methods both in hardware and software; digital imaging methods, including 3D image formation and holography; 3D display technologies.
Biomedical Instrumentation	EL 473	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Principles of biomedical transducers; amplifiers and signal processing; the origin, sensing and amplification of biopotentials; blood flow and pressure measurement; medical imaging, medical ultrasound and array signal processing; patient safety in medical instrumentation.
Special Topics in Microelectronics	EL 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
English Route 1	ENG 0001	School of Languages	This course aims to effectively and efficiently raise students' standard of English from a minimal level to one that allows for basic communication. This is achieved through intensive language support based on grammar, vocabulary and skills work as well as the use of theme- based and on-line learning materials.
English Route 2	ENG 0002	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students develop their language skills to be able to start to function effectively in a variety of written and spoken contexts in English. This is achieved through the use of content-based and on-line learning support materials which contribute to students' language knowledge as well as their knowledge of the world.
English Route 3	ENG 0003	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students further develop their language skills to be able to function effectively in a variety of written and spoken contexts in English. Content-based and online support materials play a key role in supporting the learning process.
English Route 4	ENG 0004	School of Languages	At this level, students develop their abilities to read, write and speak fluently and accurately in English. They also become advanced communicators with sufficient general knowledge to start their freshman studies. The course focuses on academic skills, critical thinking and the language of Maths and Science. Content-based and on-line learning support materials play an essential role in achieving this aim.
English Route 5	ENG 0005	School of Languages
Basic English	ENG 001	School of Languages	This course aims to effectively and efficiently raise students' standard of English from a minimal level to one that allows for effective communication. This is achieved through intensive language support based on grammar, vocabulary and skills work as well as the use of theme-based and on-line learning materials.
Intermediate English	ENG 002	School of Languages	This is a transition level course moving to a stronger academic focus in English language learning. The aim of this course is to help students further develop their language skills to be able to function effectively in a variety of written and spoken contexts in English. This is achieved through the use of content-based and on-line learning support materials which contribute to students' language knowledge as well as their knowledge of the world.
Upper-intermediate English	ENG 003	School of Languages	At this level, students not only develop their abilities to read, write and speak fluently and accurately in English, but also learn to become effective communicators who posses sufficient general knowledge to start their Freshman studies. The course values personal intellectual growth and aims to equip students with a high level of language proficiency, academic skills and knowledge of the world. Content-based and on-line learning support materials play an essential role in achieving this aim. Towards the end of the course, students are also given some practice in preparation for the English Language Assessment Exam (ELAE).
Freshman English I	ENG 101	School of Languages	For all students who have passed their Language Assessment Exam, ENG 101 provides advanced communicative, critical analysis and study skills focusing primarily on the development of academic speaking and writing. Beyond maintaining a high level of spoken communication, the oral presentation component of the course emphasizes content, delivery and accuracy through the use of video and related technologies. Within the writing component, students are required to undertake research projects utilizing the latest available information technology for putting together proper papers. Intensive personalized tutorial sessions with instructors and peer groups, in which students receive specific assistance in all aspects of their individual needs, are the foundation of the English 101 course.
Freshman English II	ENG 102	School of Languages	The aim of the ENG 102 course is to provide more specific preparation to students for their sophomore year.The course continues to build upon and expand the communicative, critical analysis and study skills developed over the first semester.In addition to the oral presentation and written exposition components ,a greater emphasis is placed on the need to effectively and efficiently approach and analyze lengthy academic texts.The latest information technology is utilized in and out of the classroom in all phases of the learning process.Completing this course enhances students ability to succeed in their academic careers and to become proficient English language communicators in general. Successful completion of this course rounds out the language skills students will need for sustained academic achievement in their undergraduate studies.
Freshman English I & II	ENG 103	School of Languages
Professional Communication Skills in English	ENG 300	School of Languages	This course aims to equip students with professional communication skills in English. The purpose of the course is to develop and enhance the skills students will need to operate effectively in a business context. By building students? confidence in approaching the transition to work and increasing their awareness of the business environment, the course also aims to place them at an advantage in the world of work. This will be done by developing business related language skills and knowledge through context-based input and practical, communicative task-based sessions.
World Energy Outlook: The Coming Year	ENRG 220	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The analysis of the world energy outlook in each coming year will be studied: Scope and methodology. Global energy trends this year. Natural gas market outlook. Coal market outlook. Power sector outlook. Renewable energy outlook. Energy efficiency outlook. Energy and competitiveness. Case study, e.g. Brazil. From oil resources to reserves. Prospects for oil supply. Prospects for oil demand. Implications for oil refining and trade.
Energy Systems and Environment	ENRG 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Energy is a major driver in shaping the quality of the environment. On the one hand, energy creates environmental problems in its extraction, transportation, combustion, storage, and final consumption. Environmental problems are caused by activities as diverse as strip mining, oil spills, and nuclear-waste disposal. Environmentally more benign modes of coal, oil, and gas extraction and exploration are under development. The most environmentally troublesome aspect of the operation of the present energy system is its use of fossil fuels, which are today available at attractive market prices. Fossil-fuel use is at the core of many environmental problems, including urban air pollution, acid rain, ecological impacts of resource extraction, and global warming. The important directions for long-term energy R&D will be those which will "defossilize" the energy system.
Energy	ENRG 315	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A one-semester introduction, focusing on a central concept: energy, energy sources, and the environment. Gives students the necessary physics background to form opinions on energy questions. The physical laws of thermodynamics, electricity, and magnetism, and nuclear physics in connection with energy related topics such as: thermal pollution, fossil power, fission and fusion, nuclear power, and solar power. Economic and environmental impacts.
Battery Science and Engineering	ENRG 322	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of battery science and engineering, specifically focusing on applications for renewable and sustainable energy systems. The course will emphasize topics such as materials, components, systems, electronics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, kinetics, mass transfer,heat transfer, and engineering-relatedissues. Additionally, the course will include a detailed examination of both traditional traditional and future battery technologies. Among battery technologies are commonly used systems like lead-acidbatteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries,and lithium-ion batteries. The focus will be on understanding the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, their energy storage capacities, charge/discharge processes, and environmental impacts.Future battery technologies will encompass metal-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, solid-state batteries, and innovative solutions integrated with renewable energy sources. integrated with renewable energysources. energy storage efficiency, sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and industrial applicability of these technologies is a key objective of the course. Overall, the course aims to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to comprehend the fundamental principles of battery technologies. It seeks to enable students to develop solutions that align with both current and future energy storage needs.
Energy: Supply Chain, Economics and Geopolitics	ENRG 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Demand, global supply, advantages, disadvantages, related costs and environmental impact of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal), renewable resources (wind, solar, hydro, biomass and geothermal) and nuclear energy. Current status, as well as historical use and projections of each resource. Fundamentals of electricity and hydrogen supply chains. Global impact of policies adopted by leading resource producing and consuming countries. Energy security and geopolitics. Case studies on the geopolitical and economic impacts of current political and technological developments.
Energy Systems Optimization	ENRG 420	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The energy system optimization problems are broadly categorized as operation and planning problems. The operation problems are usually related to how to exploit the existing devices/power plants. The planning problems usually refer to those problems which investigate whether to invest or not in some assets. The course Energy Systems Optimization introduces undergraduate and graduate students to applied optimization with a focus on energy systems. It includes the problem statement and mathematical formulation of a series of problems related to energy systems as well as their solution and results interpretation in commercial software packages. In particular, the subjects covered are:  Introduction to optimization in energy systems,  Basic optimization problems for gaining experience with the software package, thermal power units and renewable energy sources (static and dynamic formulation),  Long-term generation expansion planning of power systems,  Energy Storage,  Power flow analysis  Generation investment planning, and  Integrated Energy Systems.
Battery Science and Engineering	ENRG 422	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of battery science and engineering, specifically focusing on applications for renewable and sustainable energy systems. The course will emphasize topics such as materials, components, systems, electronics, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, kinetics, mass transfer, heat transfer, and engineering-related issues. Additionally, the course will include a detailed examination of both traditional and future battery technologies. Among traditional battery technologies are commonly used systems like lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. The focus will be on understanding the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies, their energy storage capacities, charge/discharge processes, and environmental impacts. Future battery technologies will encompass metal-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, solid-state batteries, and innovative solutions integrated with renewable energy sources. Understanding aspects such as energy storage efficiency, sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and industrial applicability of these technologies is a key objective of the course. Overall, the course aims to provide students with the knowledge and skills necessary to comprehend the fundamental principles of battery technologies. It seeks to enable students to develop solutions that align with both current and future energy storage needs.
Electric Power Systems: Operation, Technology and Economics	ENRG 423	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims to establish a novel, comprehensive framework for studying electrical energy systems and then use that framework to deconstruct and reassemble the power system while providing analytical tools to support further study. In particular, the subjects covered are: * Why Does Energy Matter, How Much Energy Is Needed, Key Questions to Examine in the Energy System, Constraints of the Energy System * Physics of Energy, Energy vs. Power, How Energy Is Transformed, Laws of Thermodynamics, Energy System Map, Market Design and Function * Power generation characteristics * Electric power industry as a business * Electricity and Grid Operation * Grid Economics ? Electricity Generation Technologies & Renewable Electricity * Transmission System * Consumption and Electricity Demand Management * Electric Storage ? Distributed Generation
Cell Design, Modelling and Battery Pack Development	ENRG 424	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course provides a comprehensive understanding of the principles, design,and modelling of battery cells and modelingof battery packs by combining theoretical knowledge with practical skills and industry applications. Students will learn not only theoretical foundations of electrochemistry, various battery technologies, practical design considerations, and advance modeling techniques but also focusing on applications in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. The course additionally covers module and pack design, including structural modeling and simulations,electrical architecture thermal management configurations, as well as safety mechanisms. Practical skills will be developed through laboratory and hands-on sessions for software development, simulation and modeling exercises.
Battery Management Systems	ENRG 426	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Battery Management Systems (BMS) are indispensable for electric vehicles and energy storage systems for the extraction of required power and energy within safe operation parameters while maximizing efficiency. This course is designed toprovide a comprehensive understanding of the principles, design and implementation of Battery Management Systems (BMS) by combining theoretical knowledge with practical skills and industry applications, especially for electric vehicles and energy storage systems. In this course, BMS architecture and its associated hardware and software components; communication protocols, monitoring and diagnostic as well as state estimation techniques; thermal management and safety protection mechanisms will be elaborated. The concepts will be demonstrated with hands- on sessions for software development for BMS algorithms, simulation and modeling sessions as well as hardware- in-the-loop(HIL) tests and finalized with a group project.
Electromagnetics I	ENS 201	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Electromagnetics I Review of vectors and mathematical background. Static and magnetic fields and electromagnetic properties of materials. Faraday's Law with applications to electromechanical systems. Introduction to Maxwell's equations and electromagnetic waves.
Thermodynamics	ENS 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Fundamental concepts and mathematical tools ; thermal equilibrium; Zeroth Law and definition of temperature; equations of state; First and Second Laws; thermodynamic potentials (enthalpy, Helmholtz, Gibbs) and the Maxwell relations; first order phase transitions; critical phenomena; Third Law, negative temperatures; introduction to statistical mechanics.
Electronic Circuits I	ENS 203	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Passive components, basic circuit analysis, first order circuits, transient and steady state analysis, second order RLC circuits, resonance, amplifier fundamentals, operational amplifiers, introduction to diodes and transistors. Prerequisite for EL 202
Mechanics	ENS 204	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course covers the following topics; statics of particles: forces in plane, forces in space, equilibrium, moment of a force, moment of a couple, equivalent systems of forces on rigid bodies, equilibrium in two dimensions, equilibrium in three dimensions, distributed forces: centroids and center of gravity, analysis of structures: trusses, frames and machines, internal forces in beams and cables, friction, moments of inertia of areas, moments of inertia of masses
Introduction to Materials Science	ENS 205	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Classifications of materials; atomic structure and interatomic bonding; the structure of crystalline solids; imperfections in solids; diffusion; mechanical properties of metals; dislocations in metals; failure; phase daigrams; phase transformations and alteration of mechanical properties; alloys; structures and properties of ceramics; polymer structures, their applications and processing; composites; corrosion; electrical, thermal, magnetic and optical properties; case studies in materials selection.
Systems Modeling and Control	ENS 206	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Examples of physical and abstract systems and their mathematical models. Classification of dynamic system models linearity and time invariance ; finite state discrete event systems. Tools of analysis for linear systems : transform techniques, input-output analysis, block diagrams, frequency response representation. Introduction to stability and closed loop system design. Introduction to supervisory control for discrete event systems.
Introduction to Energy Systems	ENS 207	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The scope of this course includes fundamentals of energy systems, which are the subject of political and scientific interest in recent years. Students will learn the fundamental principles that are used in the analysis of energy systems. Specifically selected topics from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer will be subjects of this course. Particular topics include but not limited or exclusive to: conservation of mass, momentum and energy, control volumes and control surfaces, the second law of thermodynamıcs, entropy, heat engines, internal and external flows, conduction, convection and radiation heat transfer.
Introduction to Industrial Engineering	ENS 208	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to a set of decision problems that modern industrial engineers face in real-life and the tools and techniques employed to solve them. Linear programming formulations and solvers, heuristic methods, and randomness and variation in observations are covered through various problems and case studies in transportation and logistics, production planning, inventory control, and forecasting.
Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting and Solid Modeling	ENS 209	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	ENS 209 is concerned with the basic and important principles in computer-aided drafting and design (CADD), and 3D solid modeling. Based on an understanding of engineering drawing, the course will further introduce the use of computers for 2D drafting and 3D solid modeling. Topics include: engineering drawing, tolerances, computer-aided technical drafting and design, geometric models and data structures, representation and manipulation of curves and surfaces and 3D solid modeling, and assembly modeling and analysis.
Computational Biology	ENS 210	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	1. Basic Concepts of Molecular Biology; Life, Proteins, Nucleic acids. 2. The Mechanisms of Molecular Genetics; Genes and the Genetic Code, Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis, junk DNA and Reading frames,Chromosomes 3. How the Genome is Studied; Maps and Sequences, Specific Techniques 4. The Human Genome Project 5. Molecular Biology Databases on the Web 6. Strings, Graphs and Algorithms 7. Sequence Alignment Algorithms; Global, Semiglobal, and Local Alignment 8. Multiple Sequence Alignment; Star alignment, Tree alignment 9. Database Search; PAM, BLOSSUM matrices, BLAST, FASTA 10. Quantitative and Probabilistic Pattern Matching 11. Protein Ligand Docking 12. Bio-ethics
Signals	ENS 211	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Continuous and discrete, periodic and aperiodic signals, impulse, unit step signals. Spectrum representation of a signal. Fourier series representation of periodic signals. System concept. Continuous and Discrete Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Systems. Linear Time Invariant (LTI) Systems. Impulse response and Frequency response of LTI systems. Fourier transform of aperiodic and periodic signals. Filtering in time and frequency domain. Sampling of continuous signals. Aliasing. Bandlimited reconstruction, interpolation. Basic Amplitude Modulation.
Dynamics	ENS 214	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed for undergraduate students to (i) develop an understanding of particle and planar rigid body kinematics and kinetics (ii) obtain an understanding of Newton's Laws of Motion, and (iii) gain the ability to apply energy and momentum methods to particles and rigid bodies in planar motion.
Information Systems: A Historical Perspective	ENS 216	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course presents an overview of historical developments in information and communication technologies during the past 150 years. The topics are: • Complex systems, partitioning a complex problem, principles of hierarchy and decomposition, applications in engineering design, • Signals – waves – transmission: basic principles of radio, analog vs. digital, continuous- time vs. discrete-time, • What is “data”?: binary representations, history of signal processing, digital signal processing in discrete-time, multiple dimensions: image processing and video processing, • Boolean logic: origin and fundamentals, how to build a basic switch: “herding” electrons, logic gates / switch networks, memory: how to “store” data?, connecting to the “cloud”: Internet fundamentals, data networks – routers – servers – data farms, • Communication – modulation – channels – noise, wireless communication: Marconi to iPhone, • Photonics: Lasers and fiber optics, semiconductor technology: 50 years of revolution, imaging and image sensors: basic principles, history of display technologies, LED, TFT, • Power / energy dissipation, energy storage: battery technologies, resources: energy and raw materials, energy policy / energy utilization and conservation, • Impact on society: how technology influences humanity, social responsibilities of scientists and engineers, looking into the future.
Biological Circuits and Molecular Machines	ENS 222	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This introductory course aims to familiarize engineering students with the quantifiable aspects of biology. Information-carrying networks of interacting proteins and genes as well as nonoscale molecular machines converting chemical energy to mechanical work will be examined. State-of-the-art experimental techniques to study these biological and biochemical circuits will be introduced. Mathematical models will be developed to arrive at general principles of information and energy processing in molecular biology.
Energy Systems and Environment	ENS 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Energy is a major driver in shaping the quality of the environment. On the one hand, energy creates environmental problems in its extraction, transportation, combustion, storage, and final consumption. Environmental problems are caused by activities as diverse as strip mining, oil spills, and nuclear-waste disposal. Environmentally more benign modes of coal, oil, and gas extraction and exploration are under development. The most environmentally troublesome aspect of the operation of the present energy system is its use of fossil fuels, which are today available at attractive market prices. Fossil-fuel use is at the core of many environmental problems, including urban air pollution, acid rain, ecological impacts of resource extraction, and global warming. The important directions for long-term energy R&D will be those which will "defossilize" the energy system.
Technology and Society	ENS 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In this course the social impact of technology or its principal backbone, namely that of automation technologies is investigated. A historical perspective is presented in order to grasp the contemporary intellectual climate followed by a brief exposure to the recent history of automation concepts and technologies. This is further followed by first looking at the economic impact of automation technologies following various scenarios and then discussing politics associated with an automation economy. Finally we shall discuss, using recent theories of justice, the conditions for a just society under the tension of the two maxims of the French Revolution: liberty and equality.
Introduction to Space Technology	ENS 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of this course is to introduce the basics of space technology, focused especially on principles of satellite/payload design, propulsion, control, power, thermal issues. Space environment, payload design with radiation hardness will be discussed. The course also includes a general overview of applications that are available with space science like GPS, Earth Observing, and Astronomy.
Computer Aided Engineering	ENS 309	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The proposed course, Computer Aided Engineering (CAE), intends to give engineering students a computer design perspective considering manufacturing limitations. The emphasis of the course is on engineering applications and the use of a commercially available engineering software. Design applications include analysis in different physical fields such as solid mechanics, thermal, and fluid mechanics. Solidworks software environment will be used intensely throughout the class to be consistent with the Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) courses The vast majority of the course includes design applications by giving brief reference to theoretical background. First, basic concepts of a finite element model, mesh, nodes, elements, adaptive meshing will be described in a simplified manner with applications. The mechanical analysis section includes background information such as mechanical equilibrium, stress, strain, material properties. Static mechanical design applications include static analysis of parts and assemblies, stress analyses of interference fits, bolted joints, and contact analysis Dynamic mechanical analyses cover the definition of rigid and elastic bodies, discrete & distributed vibration systems, modal analysis, time response analysis (resonance, beating, etc.), and harmonic response analysis, all concepts with applications. Thermal analysis section starts with the analogy between the mechanical and thermal analysis by giving reference to concepts like energy balance, steady-state and transient problems. Discussions include definition of thermal loads, boundary conditions. Heat transfer applications include problems involving conduction, convection, radiation. Thermal section concludes with the thermomechanical applications that couple mechanical and thermal physics. Fluid analysis section starts with the introduction of properties such as density, viscosity, etc. with the continuity and balance laws. Definition of thermal loads, boundary conditions will be discussed with applications. Example analysis include flow through cylinders, cut-outs etc. Thermofluid application will be discussed for piping design applications. Moreover, design optimization will also be discussed for engineering design applications. Finally, designs for manufacturing and relevant concepts i.e. geometrical dimensioning and tolerancing will be discussed.
Energy	ENS 315	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A one-semester introduction, focusing on a central concept: energy, energy sources, and the environment. Gives students the necessary physics background to form opinions on energy questions. The physical laws of thermodynamics, electricity, and magnetism, and nuclear physics in connection with energy related topics such as: thermal pollution, fossil power, fission and fusion, nuclear power, and solar power. Economic and environmental impacts.
Numerical Analysis	ENS 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers the use of numerical computing techniques for mathematical and scientific problems. Topics include: floating-point representation, approximations and computer arithmetic, error analysis, conditioning and stability, Taylor series, roots of nonlinear equations, Newton's method, curve fitting and interpolation solution to systems of linear equations using techniques such as LU decomposition, Gaussian elimination, Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel Iteration, eigenvalue problems, numerical integration and solutions to differential equations.
Advanced Solid Modeling Techniques	ENS 410	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Advanced Solid Modeling Techniques is structured on the technical drafting and solid modeling knowledge provided in ENS209 (Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting and Solid Modeling). Advanced modeling techniques, their effects on technical drawings and documentation, based on the manufacturing methods will be investigated and taught in this course. CAD and CAE techniques will be discussed, respectively. Advanced part modeling techniques, advanced assembly modeling techniques, animation and motion studies, design automation techniques, welded constructions, sheet metal modeling and manufacturing operations, surface modeling techniques, mold design, routing/piping modeling, basic (static/thermal) finite element analyses, advanced file management methods, and file format integration are included in the course content.
Experimental Methods in Nanoscience I	ENS 413	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to introduce basic experimental methods in nanoscience. Theoretical lectures are followed by experiments performed in the laboratory for each subject. Labview programming, vacuum techniques, deposition methods, surface science techniques, scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, nanomagnetism.
Experimental Methods in Nanoscience II	ENS 414	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to introduce basic experimental methods in nanoscience. Theoretical lectures are followed by experiments performed in the laboratory for each subject. Growth and bottom up fabrication of nanostructures, fabrication of nanostructures and nanodevices, electron beam lithography and related techniques, cryogenic techniques, electrical characterization of nanodevices, quantum transport and magneto transport measurements.
Introduction to Scanning Probe Microscopy	ENS 416	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to introduce Scanning Probe Microscopy methods to the students. Staring with Scanning Tunnelling Microscope we will elaborate most of the common SPM methods. However, we shall spend most of the time on Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM). Half of the course will involve hands-on practical work at the AFM Lab at SUNUM. Students will finish the course with detailed analysis of their own specimen using AFM.
Special Topics in Engineering and Natural Sciences I	ENS 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in FENS: Energy: Supply Chain, Economics and Geopolitics	ENS 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in FENS: Materials Selection in Product Design	ENS 48001	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in FENS: Analysis of Social Networks	ENS 48002	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in FENS: Nanobiotechnology	ENS 48003	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The aim of this course is to introduce general concepts of biotechnology, nanotechnology, nanomaterials (carbon-based, fluorescence-based and plasmon-based nanomaterials), surface bio-modification techniques and characterization of bio-modified nanomaterials.
Special Topics in FENS: Nanobiotechnology	ENS 4803	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The aim of this course is to introduce general concepts of biotechnology, nanotechnology, nanomaterials (carbon-based, fluorescence-based and plasmon-based nanomaterials), surface bio-modification techniques and characterization of bio-modified nanomaterials.
Special Topics in Engineering and Natural Sciences II	ENS 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Graduation Project (Design)	ENS 491	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All students in FENS faculty are required to complete a graduation project as a part of ENS 491 and ENS 492 course requirements. In these multidisciplinary projects, students will have the opportunity to apply and develop their knowledge in the area of their specialization in a team environment. ENS 491 will involve general lectures on engineering project development such as: product planning, project management, establishing product specifications, product metrics, cost analysis, concept generation, concept selection and testing, reliability, optimization, computer aided design and manufacturing, prototyping etc. Students will implement their designs in ENS 492. Students will be required to submit progress reports, and seperate final reports for ENS 491 and ENS 492. <SU> Students must have completed 80 SU credits and, in addition they must have completed the prerequisite course for their program as given below. Prerequisite courses of th programs: • Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Bioengineering: BIO 301 or BIO 303 • Computer Science and Engineering: CS 300 • Electronics Engineering: EE 202 or ENS211 • Industrial Engineering: IE 305 or IE 312 • Materials Science and Nano Engineering: MAT 312 or MAT 314 • Mechatronics Engineering: ME 301 or ME 303 </SU>
Graduation Project (Implementation)	ENS 492	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All students in FENS faculty are required to complete a graduation project as a part of ENS 491 and ENS 492 course requirements. In these multidisciplinary projects, students will have the opportunity to apply and develop their knowledge in the area of their specialization in a team environment. ENS 491 will involve general lectures on engineering project development such as: product planning, project management, establishing product specifications, product metrics, cost analysis, concept generation, concept selection and testing, reliability, optimization, computer aided design and manufacturing, prototyping etc. Students will implement their designs in ENS 492. Students will be required to submit progress reports, and seperate final reports for ENS 491 and ENS 492
Special Studies I	ENS 498	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed for the Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences students, and it is taken at the same semester with ENS 492 Graduation Project. ENS 492 Project Supervisor's approval is needed. Students are required to carry out additional study/ research and the performance is evaluated based on a report presenting the additional work done.
Special Studies II	ENS 499	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed for the Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences students, and it is taken at the same semester with ENS 492 Graduation Project . ENS 492 Project Supervisor's approval is needed. Students are required to carry out additional study /research and the performance is evaluated based on a report presenting the additional work done.
The Foundations of Entrepreneurship	ENT 201	Sabancı Business School	In this introductory-level course on entrepreneurship, students will gain a thorough understanding of the key concepts, skills, and mindset necessary for successful entrepreneurship. The course will explore how entrepreneurship drives innovation and economic growth while promoting creativity and problem-solving abilities. The course will cover disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the metaverse, and their impact on businesses and industries. Students will learn ideation techniques, develop business models, and acquire knowledge on marketing, sales, financial management, and the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Through interactive workshops and case studies, students will refine their startup ideas and develop essential skills for launching and managing successful ventures in today’s dynamic business landscape
Introduction to Film Studies	FILM 231	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The cinema as the art-form of the 20th century, taking over from the 19th century novel. Film-making in the context of a "culture of time and space". The basic techniques and processes of film-making. Expanding material possibilities. Cinematographical languages. Diverse and shifting conceptions of the cinema in relation to other discursive forms. Works embodying major moments of film history, to be screened and analyzed in relation to the writings of central film theorists.
Approaches to Film Studies	FILM 331	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In 1896, when Auguste and Louis Lumiere held the first public screening of film in Paris, most people imagined that the new invention would be directed towards scientific research rather than the establishment of an entertainment industry. As a viable commercial product cinema soon became a contender for the status of the new century's first original art form. This course will introduce the art, aesthetics and politics of film. It will focus on the particular social and historical context of movies. The course will cover major breakthroughs and significant genres in cinema, as well as different topics, such as style and meaning, elements of film narrative, techniques of film production. The scope will be international and topics will be organized along a historical trajectory.
Critical Perspectives on Turkish Cinema	FILM 335	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to engage in a critical investigation of the historical development of Turkish cinema in relation to the transformation of Turkish society. Introducing students to major works of Turkish film history, we will examine some of the key generic, thematic and stylistic preoccupations of Turkish cinema
International Cinemas	FILM 345	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	International Cinemas presents an introduction to a variety of films from a range of (inter/trans)national contexts. The course offers ways of understanding these films through historical frameworks, theoretical discussions, and aesthetic analysis. International Cinemas starts with the study of classical Hollywood and European cinema and how they establish certain codes of narrative, narration and style. Then, it will move on to the discussion of various cinemas ranging from Taiwanese to Iranian, movements such as Third Cinema and Chinese Fifth Generation, and filmmakers who speak through a transnational voice such as Wong Kar Wai and Fatih Akın
Topics in Film Studies	FILM 390	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This introductory course will cover major subjects and issues in cinema. Specific topics will vary, but may include studies of directors and screenwriters, genres, historical movements, critical approaches, and themes
Anthropology and Film	FILM 424	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	How are cultural, political, and historical realities represented in ethnographic, documentary, and fiction films? This course will explore the critical relationship between our knowledge of the world and visual representation through films and theoretical, ethnographic and historical readings.
Vision, Representation and Cinema	FILM 432	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Cinema is the art of the 20th century. Though its birth goes all the way back to the 19th century it is, in this long century that cinema has been the medium of high and low art, the medium of propaganda and popular culture. The show and entertainment business of the last century and the consumer culture came out has both contributed to and benefited from the cinema. On the other hand, cinema has transformed the visual culture dramatically as a matter of visuality. It is after the introduction of the movies of the 1920s that human understanding of visuality has taken a radical shift as a consequence of cinema's relation to various aspects, such as psychoanalysis In this regard cinema might be taken as the basic art of the past century with none of the realms of art and social life being ignorant to it. The course will expose the students to the reality both produced and transformed in cinema. Each week a certain field, such as history, politics, psychoanalysis, gender, marginality, will be selected and accordingly films will be analysed to find out how the reality of that specific area is represented. On the background the students will discuss and analyse the basic concerns and concepts of modernity. The course, in this context, will conjointly survey the history, problematics and arts of the past century as well as the adventure of cinema as a technique and art.
Documentary: Context and Practice-I	FILM 435	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Since the mid-1800s, people have used still images (photography) and since 1890s, moving images and later sound (film) to represent reality as they perceive it and/or as they choose to represent it. The history of non-fiction film or documentary cinema, is a series of experimentations in the representation of reality. Since the beginning, with these experimentations, debates about ethical, aesthetic, political issues in representation have been unfolding. This course will offer a critical look at the historical development of non-fiction film forms and modes. We will cover documentary theories and criticism, and related issues including ethics and problematics of representation. Students will work on a series of short video exercises and write a series of short responses to the films and the readings. At the end of the semester, students are expected to submit a term paper and a proposal for a project to be implemented next semester.
Documentary Context and Practice-II	FILM 436	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a continuation of VA 435, where we have looked at the historical development of non-fiction film forms and modes, major theories, and related issues including ethics and problematics of representation. This semester our focus will again be two-fold. Through recent documentaries, we will be looking at the current issues and debates in the world of non-fiction filmmaking, as well as practical challenges faced by filmmakers. Throughout the semester, various filmmakers will be invited to present and discuss their work. On the practice side, each student will have an opportunity to experiment with representation of reality by making a short non-fiction film and presenting it at various stages in a workshop format.
Psychoanalysis and Film	FILM 452	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	It is often observed that the institutions of psychoanalysis and cinema are roughly the same age. This course investigates the ways in which film theory and criticism have been influenced by psychoanalysis and explores the ways in which psychoanalytic theories have informed cinema, either through film form or through plotting and characterization. The course will provide a working understanding of fundamental psychoanalytic concepts and will offer exercise in psychoanalytical film analysis. Each lecture will begin by the screening of a film, proceed by discussing a psychoanalytic concept and conclude by a focus on the intersection points of the readings and the films. By the end of the course, the students will be able to develop their own ideas about film in relation to these theories and apply them to further examples.
Financial Management	FIN 301	Sabancı Business School	This course develops an understanding of the theoretical and practical issues relating to financial management. The main objectives of the course are : to introduce the students to the financial markets and the financial instruments traded in these markets, to expose the students to the quantitative toos and methods of modern finance, and to help students gain competence in using these tools to make sound financial decisions. Topics covered in the course include: the link between accounting and finance, an introduction to financial statement analysis, the time value of money, bond and stock valuation, investment decision criteria and capital budgeting, project analysis, risk-return relationship, cost of capital, and an overview of corporate financing and capital structure.
Corporate Finance	FIN 401	Sabancı Business School	Fundamental financial concepts from the perspective of financial managers/entrepreneurs are examined and practical applications within local and global contexts are discussed. This course intends to show, through discussions on complex corporate problems structured in real or hypothetical settings, how the basic concepts/theories covered in FIN 301 - Financial Management class can be applied to corporate decision-making.
Investments	FIN 402	Sabancı Business School	This course introduces the structure of financial markets and the valuation of financial assets including stocks, bonds, forwards, futures, options and swaps. Among the topics to be covered are: fixed-income investments, yield-to-maturity, duration, yield curves, forward rates, mean-variance framework, portfolio construction and performance analysis, mutual funds and other investment companies, asset pricing models, equity valuation, fundamental and technical analyses, the use of derivatives in risk-management and their pricing.
Derivative Securities	FIN 403	Sabancı Business School	This course serves as a comprehensive introduction to derivative securities. Forward contracts, futures, options, and swaps are the focal point of the course. While the main emphasis is on the use of derivatives as risk-transferring/ minimizing devices, valuations of such contracts are also included. In addition to hedging strategies to be created by any of the derivative securities, various trading strategies involving options (spreads and combinations) are presented. A solid coverage of no arbitrage based pricing is provided as the common underlying premise to valuing derivative securities. Cost-of-carry valuation of forwards and futures, binomial pricing of options, dynamic delta-hedging, the Black-Scholes option pricing formula, basic numerical methods (such as Monte Carlo methods), and swap pricing are introduced.
Multinational Corporate Finance	FIN 404	Sabancı Business School	This course extends the basic concepts and theories of financial management to a multinational setting. The emphasis is on corporate decision making in an international context. In addition to the traditional international finance topics --such as determinants of exchange rates, parity conditions and currency forecasting,currency risk exposure and management, and political and country risk analysis-- more contemporary issues including global funding, international portfolio investments, multinational capital budgeting, pricing, international performance evaluation, corporate valuation and recapitalization, and international mergers and acquisitions are covered.
Corporate Mergers & Acquisitions	FIN 405	Sabancı Business School	This course introduces students with the basic Mergers&Acquisitions concepts and terminology and presents them the financial methods and tools that are commonly employed in the M&A process. The first part of the course covers firm valuation models in detail. The topics in the second part include deal structuring, negotiation, the risk management tools used in the takeover process, and the recent trends in the international and local corporate takeover markets. The roles of private equity and strategic acquirers during the merger process, competition among bidders to acquire target firms, bidding wars and the economic and legal aspects of the takeover process will also be discussed during the course of the semester.
Behavioral Finance	FIN 406	Sabancı Business School	Behavioral finance is a subfield of behavioral economics that studies the effects of psychological, cognitive and cultural factors on the financial decisions of agents. Classical finance theory assumes that agents in financial markets are fully rational, in that they maximize their expected utility with every decision they make. As a result, classical theorists believe that markets are efficient, and prices reflect all information available. However, there have been many studies documenting anomalies in markets that contradict with the efficient markets view and cannot be explained by the existence of fully rational investors. Behavioral finance tries to explain these anomalies and investors biases by combining tools and concepts from psychology and financial economics. This course aims to improve our understanding of the financial decision making by introducing psychologically more realistic frameworks that allow agents to be less than fully rational.
Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital	FIN 407	Sabancı Business School	This course will introduce the methodologies used in entrepreneurial finance and employ the case method to study VC deals. Venture capital is a great lab to study important topics in finance such as start-up financing, innovation, corporate governance, valuation, capital structure, and organizational restructuring. Throughout the course, new venture deals will be discussed from the perspective of different agents including entrepreneurs, angel investors, and VC fund managers. The course is going to start with the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities and early stage investments by angel investors. Then, we will investigate early stage investments by VC funds. The objective in that section will be to analyze a VC investment opportunity from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. We will also study exits by VCs. Later, we will discuss leveraged buyout investments in large companies. We will discuss how buyout funds choose and value their investments. In the last part of the course, we will study investments in VC funds and issues related to structuring VC funds.
Financial Products	FIN 408	Sabancı Business School	The course covers pricing and risk management of main FX, money market (loans, deposits treasury bills), capital markets (fixed, floating and indexed treasury notes and bonds, (equities will not be covered)) , FX (FX Forwards , swaps, excluding FX options) and rates derivatives (Cross currencies, IRS’s (excluding IRO’s)) and credit derivatives mainly CDS pricing and its implication for derivatives pricing based on counterparty risk
Banking and Financial Intermediation	FIN 409	Sabancı Business School	The financial system is critical for a modern, market-based economy. This course will provide a detailed analysis in the economics of the banking industry to assess and participate in the evidence-based policy debate on financial sector reform and innovations such as fintech. The main topics are (1) the economic role of financial intermediaries, with an emphasis on commercial banks; (2) the evolution of markets in which banks and other financial intermediaries operate; (3) the regulation of commercial banks and other financial institutions.
Financial Technologies	FIN 410	Sabancı Business School	This course provides a comprehensive examination of the fast-growing field of Financial Technology (Fintech). It explores the latest innovations and applications in finance and how these advancements are disrupting traditional finance mechanisms and introducing new business models. The course will delve into various components of fintech including blockchain technologies, cryptocurrencies, digital banking, peer-to-peer lending, robo-advisory, insurtech, regtech, AI in finance, and more.
Selected Topics in Finance I	FIN 450	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Finance II	FIN 451	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Wealth Management	FIN 499	Sabancı Business School	The course offers a hands-on experience about the practical aspects of financial portfolio management. Along with the concepts covered in the class, students are expected to build a portfolio management notion by thinking on real world problems. The main themes are investment decision making process and investment policy statement, management of individual and institutional portfolios, integrating capital market expectations and asset allocation, technical and practical aspects of portfolio management in traditional asset classes and alternative investments.
Basic French I	FRE 101	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students acquire general communicative competence based on comprehension of written and spoken texts. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication in the French language. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology.
Basic French II	FRE 102	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of FRE 101. The aim of the course is to help students acquire general communicative competence based on comprehension of written and spoken texts. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication in the French language. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology.
Basic French I	FRE 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic French II	FRE 120	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level French courses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate French I	FRE 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of FRE 120 and continues to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate French II	FRE 140	School of Languages	At this level, students consolidate their language knowledge are provided with opportunities to practice their language skills. They work with a variety of text types, including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely.
Pre-intermediate French I	FRE 201	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level French courses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Pre-intermediate French II	FRE 202	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of FRE 201 and continues to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate French	FRE 301	School of Languages	At this level, students consolidate their language knowledge and are provided with opportunities to practice their language skills. They work with a variety of text types, including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely.
Upper-intermediate French	FRE 302	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of FRE 301 where students consolidate their language knowledge and are provided with opportunities to practice their language skills. They work with a variety of text types, including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely.
Advanced French I	FRE 401	School of Languages	This course is specifically designed for students who have a high level of proficiency in French. Similar to the approach on the Intermediate and Upper Intermediate courses, students work with a variety of text types including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely. Students are also given the opportunity to refresh their knowledge of the language and further expand their lexical knowledge.
Advanced French II	FRE 402	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of FRE 401 and specifically designed for students who have a high level of proficiency in French. Similar to the approach on the Intermediate and Upper Intermediate courses, students work with a variety of text types including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely. Students are also given the opportunity to refresh their knowledge of the language and further expand their lexical knowledge.
Myths of Gender	GEN 341	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	How have we developed our ideas of what it means to be a woman and what it means to be a man? How do these ideas change historically and from one society to another? Asking these questions and others, this course aims to develop a critical awareness of how gender and sexuality have shaped and have been shaped by political, religious, economic, scientific, and cultural practices and discourses in different parts of the world, including Türkiye.
Topics In Gender & Sexuality Studies	GEN 343	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course addresses historical and contemporary issues in gender and sexuality studies. The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered. Topics and approaches may be drawn from anthropology, cultural studies, gender and sexuality studies, history, literature, performance studies, sociology, and visual studies.
Gender and Migration	GEN 383	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to global migration processes through a gendered lens by looking at how roles and identities linked to one’s sex, gender and sexuality shape, and are shaped by, migration causes, conditions and experiences. Topics to be covered include feminization of global migration; care migration, masculinities and migration; sexual and gender based violence, trafficking and asylum; sex and marriage migration and shifting intimacies
Migrations and the Family	GEN 385	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course addresses how human mobility across borders and state policies of immigration control, shape, and change intimate relations and family formations. In other words, it asks how states make and unmake families through their migration policies It accordingly focuses on the institution of marriage and processes of reproduction (including having and caring for children), and questions who 'deserves' to have a ‘right to family’ by examining different country- specific cases of family reunification and family separation. Issues to be discussed include: governance of migrant reproduction, dynamics of mixed-immigration-status families, challenges faced by transnational families and their shifting care regimes, the place of different kinds of children (left- behind, unaccompanied and adoptee) in migration policy-making. In tackling all these issues, the course aims to provide an understanding of how migration and related state responses disrupt, reinforce or rearrange gendered norms of family-making.
Independent Study in Gender Studies	GEN 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of gender studies that is not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Gender and Politics	GEN 410	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the relationship between gender, culture and politics. It offers a the oretical survey of the role of gender in shaping definitions of the political and practices of citizenship and participation. Through the discussion of concrete examples representing a diversity of cultural, social and political contexts,the course opens up to discussion gendered social and political mobilizations , identity politics, the interaction between the personal and the political, and different forms and spheres of doing politics ranging from the everyday to transnational, face-to face to digital encounters. The course also critically assesses the sociopolitical ramifications of institutional and national gender policies and cultural political perspectives regarding changing gender relations.
Gender in the Middle East	GEN 441	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces the key issues and debates in the study of gender in the Middle East. It aims to provide a gendered analysis of the prevailing discourses, ideologies and social movements in the region and to equip students with skills and methodologies to analyse the shaping of the gender identities in relation to social, political and cultural processes from the late 19th century to the present. The course also aims to link the historical questions and issues regarding gender to contemporary discussions and discourses on femininities and masculinities in the Middle East. Core topics include the interconnections between feminism and nationalism , the veiling debate, women’s agency, Islamic feminism, masculinities, and politics of sexuality during and after the Arab Spring.
Gendered Memories of War and Political Violence	GEN 442	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	20th century has been ''a century of wars, global and local, hot and cold? (Catherine Lutz). The course explores the different ways in which war and political violence are remembered through a gender lens. Central questions include: what are the gendered effects of war, political violence, and militarization? How have wars, genocide and other forms of political violence been narrated and represented? How do women remember and narrate gendered violence in war? How are post-conflict processes and transitional justice gendered? What is the relationship between testimony, storytelling, and healing? How is the relationship between the ''personal'' and the ''public/national'' reconstructed in popular culture, film, literature, and (auto)biographical texts dealing with war, genocide, and other forms of political violence? How are wars memorialized and gendered through monuments, museums, and other memory sites? Besides others, case studies on Hungary, Türkiye, Germany, Rwanda, former Yugoslavia, and Argentina will be used to elaborate the key concepts and debates in the emerging literature on gender, memory, and war.
Gender and Sexuality in Türkiye	GEN 444	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will explore a wide variety of texts ranging from academic, literary and political writings to films and documentaries on gender and sexuality in Türkiye. Topics include the evolution of the feminist movement from the late nineteenth century till today, the experiences and narratives of masculinity, violence against women, virginity debates, the interconnections between gender and nationalism, religious and state discourses on the body, the politics of secularism and Islam, the writings and experiences of minorities, politics of sexuality and queer politics.
Men and Mesculinities	GEN 480	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to be study of men as gendered social beings and masculinities as learnt, reproduced or challenged performances. Topics include an interdisciplinary examination of social and personal meanings of masculinity; variety of male experience by social class, race, sexuality, and age; emerging as boys/men;and public discourses and representations about changing masculinities.
Basic German I	GER 101	School of Languages	This course is designed as an introduction to the German language. It aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raises their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate. Phonology is a core aspect of the course and focuses particularly on contrasting German and English. At the end of the course, each student is expected to present a topic of his/her interest.
Basic German II	GER 102	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of GER 101 and aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raises their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate. Phonology continues to be a core aspect of the course and focuses particularly on contrasting German and English. At the end of the course, each student is expected to present a topic of his/her interest.
Basic German I	GER 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic German II	GER 120	School of Languages	This course aims to focus on basic syntax and other structures in German, highlighting distinctive features in relation to English. At this level students also learn about the usage of Perfekt to express events which took place in the past. The patterns of Dativ and Genitiv are practised systematically and thoroughly. Additionally, the speaking skill is emphasized further throughout the term.
Intermediate German I	GER 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of GER 120 and continues to focus on basic syntax and other structures in German, highlighting distinctive features in relation to English. At this level students continue to learn about the usage of Perfekt to express events which took place in the past. The patterns of Dativ and Genitiv are practised systematically and thoroughly. Additionally, the speaking skill is emphasized further throughout the term.
Intermediate German II	GER 140	School of Languages	This course aims to help students develop their linguistic and lexical knowledge as well as their language skills at the Intermediate level. The course also makes use of reading texts, such as excerpts from newspapers and different supplementary materials such as videos and films.
Advanced German I	GER 150	School of Languages
Pre-intermediate German I	GER 201	School of Languages	This course aims to focus on basic syntax and other structures in German, highlighting distinctive features in relation to English. At this level students also learn about the usage of Perfekt to express events which took place in the past. The patterns of Dativ and Genitiv are practised systematically and thoroughly. Additionally, the speaking skill is emphasized further throughout the term.
Pre-intermediate German II	GER 202	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of GER 201 and continues to focus on basic syntax and other structures in German, highlighting distinctive features in relation to English. At this level students continue to learn about the usage of Perfekt to express events which took place in the past. The patterns of Dativ and Genitiv are practised systematically and thoroughly. Additionally, the speaking skill is emphasized further throughout the term.
Intermediate German	GER 301	School of Languages	This course aims to help students develop their linguistic and lexical knowledge as well as their language skills at the Intermediate level. The course also makes use of reading texts, such as excerpts from newspapers and different supplementary materials such as videos and films.
Upper-intermediate German	GER 302	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of GER 301 and continues to help students develop their linguistic and lexical knowledge as well as their language skills at the Intermediate level. The course also makes use of reading texts, such as excerpts from newspapers and different supplementary materials such as videos and films.
Advanced German I	GER 401	School of Languages	This course is designed to meet the needs of students who will be using German for specific purposes. Students discuss current world issues and work with political and scientific texts. Contemporary German literature and German cinema are also an important part of this course.
Advanced German II	GER 402	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of GER 401 and aims to meet the needs of students who will be using German for specific purposes. Students continue to discuss current world issues and work with political and scientific texts. Contemporary German literature and German cinema are also an important part of this course.
Conversational Skills in German	GER 403	School of Languages	This course is for students who have studied German to a high level and want to refresh their high level knowledge of German. At the heart of the program lies a student- centered communicative teaching approach. Current affairs in which students are interested provide a context also for refining writing, interpretive skills and professional skills, such as presentations and negotiations.
Introduction to Modern Greek I	GREK 101	School of Languages	Initiates beginning learners of Modern Greek into the signs and sounds of the Greek alphabet, the most common structures of oral communication, and the most basic rules of the underlying grammar.
Introduction to Modern Greek II	GREK 102	School of Languages	Aims to provide begining learners of Greek with a more solid understanding of the grammatical structure of the modern language, as well as with a more comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental structures of oral communication.
Modern Greek Basic I	GREK 110	School of Languages
History of Photography and Moving Image	HART 213	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will review the invention of photography and film in the context of different arguments concerning the history of representation and representational practices. In what ways were photography and film new? In what ways did they serve contemporary interests? What, if anything, do photography and moving image practices share? The work of different historians of film and photography will be reviewed, as well as a range of work by photographers and film-makers which has been judged to be important in those histories.
Classical Mythology in Art	HART 234	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is intended as an introduction to Greek and Roman mythology. The aim is to acquaint students to the major mythological characters and stories. Greek and Roman gods, goddesses, demigods, heroes and their stories have employed and interpreted in works of art, literature, and music throughout centuries. This course aims to offer a basic yet solid background to students who wish to have a better understanding of such reflections in various fields of cultural production. Without disregarding the religious and ritual aspects of mythology, this course focuses on the characters and the stories themselves rather than theory. Following the trail of Ovid, the course will explore how myths were used in the visual arts.
From Modern to Contemporary Art	HART 292	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a historical survey of art practices from the late 19th century to the contemporary era in the Western art world, with a focus on major trends, such as Impressionism, Cubism, Expressionism, Abstract Art, Pop, Minimalism, Conceptualism. Introducing the historical and cultural context that influenced the transformation of artistic expression, the course equips students with an understanding of the concept and visual expressionof the avant-garde within a diversity of mediums from painting and sculpture to performance, installation and participatory practices.
Contemporary Art	HART 293	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course is an overview of the main currents in contemporary art starting from the 60's to the late 90's, set against political, social and technological developments of the world. It's a comparatively study of 60's-70's American and European art movements, and explores the art in the 80's Post-Modern area. The course later converges on the 90's Global art practices and their effects to recent developments within the artistic and social realm.
Renaissance Art	HART 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is intended as a introduction to the aesthetics and representational practice of the Early Renaissance. It examines and discusses how a bold vision of humanity coupled with revolutionary experiments in the visual arts set the foundations of the Western canon.
Renaissance Visuality II (Cinquecento)	HART 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is intended as an introduction to the art, aesthetics and representational practice of the High Renaissance and Mannerism in Italy. It examines and discusses how a bold new vision of humanity coupled with revolutionary experiments in the visual arts established the foundations of the Western canon.
Women Artists	HART 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to works by women artists that practice(d) in the field of visual arts, in the 19th and 20th centuries. It covers art historical areas from Realism, Symbolism, Impressionism to Expressionism, Dada, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art & Feminist Art of the 1960's onwards. It focuses on women artists whose fame had/has already been established during their own life times. This course aims to provide students with an understanding of visual and cultural aspects of modern and postmodern art approached through the study of women's works. It also gives them an insight into the conditions of art practice for women before and at the start of the feminist art movement.
Art and Power	HART 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the role of art and architecture in the representation of political power and ideology. Students will have the opportunity to examine and discuss such topics as imperial imagery, iconography of architecture, and dynastic symbolism. The course will cover a broad range of examples from ancient Egypt, Rome, Byzantium, medieval and Renaissance Europe, and the Ottoman Empire. Some lectures will take place at sites in Istanbul.
The Imaginary of the Middle Ages in Modern Art and Popular Culture	HART 330	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the appropriation and reenactment of imaginary concepts and forms of ?the medieval? in modern art and popular culture. It discusses selected works of art, architecture, literature, and cinema from the nineteenth century to the twenty-first. Where appropriate, as with the Bayeux Tapestry and the Overlord Embroidery, medieval sources of inspiration will be brought into the discussion to problematize the relationship between the imaginary of the Middle Ages that was appropriated and reenacted, and the dynamics behind the production of the medieval work of art. In cases where connections are not immediate (the works of J. R R. Tolkien), or where the source of inspiration is itself imaginary (the Legend of King Arthur), the emphasis will be on different modes of the imaginary at play in medieval and modern contexts.
Heavenly Spires: Introduction to Medieval European Art and Architecture	HART 333	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The art and architecture of the Middle Ages in Western Europe from the time of Charlemagne until the Late Gothic era. The spread of indigenous Germanic traditions, and the eventual demise of Roman culture. Charlemagne's renovatio as the threshold of both an ordered society and a new age of faith. Churches and monasteries proliferating in Carolingian and Romanesque Europe as new centers of learning and art. The subsequent shift of the economy from the countryside to the growing cities, leading to a new cultural milieu displaying unprecedented responsiveness to the material world. The contrasts between the realism of Gothic imagery and the highly stylized, almost abstract forms of the Romanesque; between the bright interiors of the new soaring cathedrals that rose over the skylines of medieval cities, and the dark, massive structures of the preceding era. Gothic cathedrals as the most impressive symbols of this High Medieval moment. For the possibility of being taken as a graduate-level taught course, subject to extra readings and other requirements, see HART 533.
Roman Art in Context	HART 334	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to present a survey of Roman art in its archaeological, historical, cultural and social context. Rather than a simple presentation of aesthetically pleasing art objects, the course questions and scrutinizes the peculiar visual language created and conveyed by images. The following questions are discussed: What do we mean by Roman art and what artistic media does it include? How does it relate to Greek art? How did the Romans express power and political agenda through art? How did they express pleasure or self-image? While the presentation of the material is chronological for better understanding, the approach is contextual and thematic. Particular attention is paid to the understanding of the different media, which comprise portrait and relief sculpture, sarcophagi, wall painting, mosaics, and minor arts, such as gems. Students are expected to learn the basics of Roman art and take the first steps in questioning its historical value.
The History of Art History	HART 335	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course attempts to give a history of art through the eyes of historians and theoreticians of western art. We will start with the Renaissance by looking at "what is re-born" and "what is classical?" We will then consider art in relation to aesthetics and philosophy with a distinction of historiographical and museological art histories. The double roots of style and its binary logic will allow us to talk about how we present and re-present art in a classroom. In the second part of the class, we will return to modern renderings of art, of its exhibition and consumption. We will talk about "what is modern and modernism" and their relation to politics of vision. Contemporary theorizations of art history will involve discussions on semiotics, psychoanalysis, identity politics, and deconstruction.
Bauhaus	HART 380	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	For one extraordinary moment between the two world wars creativity was set free from social bonds and bold experimentation in the arts echoed revolutionary changes in technology and society. At the vanguard was Bauhaus, the school and movement that merged art, architecture, and design into a style free from the bonds of history and national boundaries. Bauhaus was truly an international art for a new age. This course looks at the key moments in the history of Bauhaus against the cultural and intellectual backdrop of interwar Europe and treats them within the wider context of modernism. It covers a variety of related art, architecture and design movements starting briefly with an overview of the origins of modernism in the work of William Morris and the Arts and Crafts movement and Art Nouveau and concluding with important movements such as Constructivism, Cubism, De Stijl, New Objectivity, Suprematism and Futurism.
Art in the Age of Transition (from Renaiss. to Early Modern)	HART 392	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to equip the student with the knowledge of the art movements and schools appeared in the post-Renaissance period. The period covered stretches from the 17th to the end of the 19th century. In this framework the counter reformation, baroque art, the rococo, the century enlightenment period and its visuality, and the experimental movements of the 19th century will be reviewed. The artists such as Dürer, Holbein, Bruegel, ElGreco, Caravaggio, Velasquez, Rembrandt, Vermeer, Watteau, David will be considered.
Art in the age of Revolt: Early Modernity	HART 411	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to consider what has counted as modern in art since --and before-- the advent of the avant-garde in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century. The changing relations between notions of modernity and the aims of artists and their works is reviewed. The significance of movements in art, such as romanticism, realism, impressionism, and post-impressionism, towards the development of `modern art' is assessed. Students may expect to consider works by key artists such as Delacroix, Ingres, Turner, Constable, Courbet, Manet, Monet, Cezanne, Gauguin, Seurat, Van Gogh. Notions of modernity and modernism in art will be examined as part of a consideration of the aims of modern art, social, political or otherwise.
Visual Arts in Türkiye	HART 413	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	“Visual Art in Türkiye” is an overall historical survey on Turkish visual arts from the late 19th century to the present. Framing issues of tradition, modernity, postmodernity, contemporaneity within a chronological trajectory, the course aims to introduce students to the changes in artistic production in relation to cultural changes in Turkish society in the 20th century. Historical and cultural shifts relating to artistic identity, artistic trends, and artworks are taken into focus to reflect the transformation of the artistic sphere and visual culture in modern Türkiye.
Post 60 Turkish Art	HART 414	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The post-60 period in Türkiye is open to an immense transformation at the levels of the social, cultural and the political. The period witnesses the birth of the popular culture and the emergence of the civil society as a relatively autonomous body. The art produced in this period is prolific and varies in style. The course will discuss the 1960-2000 period in Türkiye with particular emphasis on the determining social and cultural changes.
Leonardo and Michelangelo: Heroes of the Renaissance	HART 421	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course looks at the work of Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarotti, the two protagonists of the High Renaissance whose fame has assumed mythical proportion over the centuries. The work of these artists will be analyzed against the cultural and intellectual background of sixteenth-century Italy. Issues discussed include the philosophical and scientific inquiries that defined the humanist discourse, new challenges of knowledge, and rise of the mercantile aristocracy. The focus of the course will be on the impact of these developments on the arts and the re-definition of the Renaissance visual code. Leonardo's analytical scrutiny and Michelangelo's sweeping vision are two opposites that epitomize the new visuality. The class will analyze major works of the period to understand the development of their respective styles and their impact on the artistic scene. The course will conclude with an examination of the myth of Leonardo and Michelangelo, its reception and relevance today.
Art Project at the Museum	HART 424	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this one credit course is above all to use the educational potential of an important exhibition held in Istanbul (at Sakıp Sabancı Museum or elsewhere). It aims to provide students with knowledge on a given art history / history topic based on the closer study of ‘’the authentic works’’ displayed at the exhibition (although the lecture material will not be limited to exhibited works) while guiding them towards the completion of a museum practice-oriented project.
Art & History at the Museum	HART 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is above all to seize seize the opportunity of an important museum exhibition held in Istanbul (at SSM or elsewhere) by using its educational potential: The course will not only be based on ''although not limited to' the exhibition material, it will also be taught at the museum. This course aims to provide students with knowledge on a given art history/ history topic based on a closer study of ''the real works'' displayed at the exhibition but also based on the design and implementation of museum practice-oriented projects that will be integrated in the museum educational activities. The topic of this course will change each time it is offered since it depends on the opportunities provided by ongoing exhibitions in İstanbul
Leonardo and Michelangelo: Heroes of the Renaissance	HART 426	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course looks at the work of Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarotti, the two protagonists of the High Renaissance whose fame has assumed mythical proportion over the centuries. The work of these artists will be analyzed against the cultural and intellectual background of sixteenth-century Italy. Issues discussed include the philosophical and scientific inquiries that defined the humanist discourse, new challenges of knowledge, and rise of the mercantile aristocracy. The focus of the course will be on the impact of these developments on the arts and the re-definition of the Renaissance visual code. Leonardo's analytical scrutiny and Michelangelo's sweeping vision are two opposites that epitomize the new visuality. The class will analyze major works of the period to understand the development of their respective styles and their impact on the artistic scene. The course will conclude with an examination of the myth of Leonardo and Michelangelo, its reception and relevance today.
What is Contemporary?	HART 430	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The concept of contemporary is often confused with the modern. This course aims to make the necessary differentiation and take contemporary as an issue in conjunction with the current political, social and cultural developments and as a transgression of the modernist approaches. In this framework, the course will analyse concepts such as gender, sexuality, racism, globalization and space via an artistic perspective and extensive reading of social theory.
The Dome of Gold : The Art of the Byzantine Empire	HART 431	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the art and architecture of the Byzantine Empire from its beginnings in the sixth century until its end in 1453. The story of Byzantium begins with emperor Justinian's attempt to revive the glory of ancient Rome in Constantinople. This was short-lived, as ethnic and political upheavals in the following centuries set the eastern empire on a path of decline into the status of a medieval principality. Austere saints in dim candlelit interiors replaced the festive images of salvation that had adorned the walls of Justinian's dazzling bright churches. Despite this inclination toward mysticism, links with Antiquity were not severed, and a profoundly classical humanism came to permeate even the strictest and most transcendental of Byzantine mosaics, ivory plaques, illuminated manuscripts, or icons. It is no accident, therefore, that even under the Paleologue dynasty, there should have been a true classical revival which anticipated the Italian Renaissance.
Post-1945 American Art	HART 432	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Most of the modern issues under discussion and the cult of modernist, experimental art are an outcome of the American art produced in the post-1960 period. Initially, the course will introduce an overview of the New York School Painting, Minimalism and Pop Art at large. Subsequently, the post-1960 art movements such as Body Art, Performance Art, Electronic Art, Feminist Art, New Expressionism and Appropriation Art will be discussed with respect to the social and political background of the period.
Heavenly Spires: Introduction to Medieval European Art and Architecture	HART 433	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The art and architecture of the Middle Ages in Western Europe from the time of Charlemagne until the Late Gothic era. The spread of indigenous Germanic traditions, and the eventual demise of Roman culture. Charlemagne's renovatio as the threshold of both an ordered society and a new age of faith. Churches and monasteries proliferating in Carolingian and Romanesque Europe as new centers of learning and art. The subsequent shift of the economy from the countryside to the growing cities, leading to a new cultural milieu displaying unprecedented responsiveness to the material world. The contrasts between the realism of Gothic imagery and the highly stylized, almost abstract forms of the Romanesque; between the bright interiors of the new soaring cathedrals that rose over the skylines of medieval cities, and the dark, massive structures of the preceding era. Gothic cathedrals as the most impressive symbols of this High Medieval moment. For the possibility of being taken as a graduate-level taught course, subject to extra readings and other requirements, see HART 533.
Art and Architecture of the Medieval Mediterranean	HART 434	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides a comparative survey of the medieval art and architecture (3rd - 13th centuries) of the Mediterranean basin. The history of medieval art and architecture has been traditionally divided into various (Late Antique, Early Christian, Islamic, Romanesque, Gothic, Jewish) compartments by temporal, stylistic and geographic lines. One aim of this course is to challenge such divisions by focusing on the larger Mediterranean basin in comparative light, and introducing continuities, interactions, contacts and conflicts that render the above categories obsolete. Another aim is to challenge the established practice of art and architectural history by focusing, instead of the form alone, on the comparable circumstances under which art and architecture were produced.
Designing the Nation. Art and Nationalism	HART 444	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the role of the visual arts and architecture in nationalist ideologies. The first part of the course is an introduction into visual representation, style, iconography, and symbolism. Examples used include a comparative study of public and imperial imagery of ancient Rome, Napoleonic Europe, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. The main part of the course focuses on subject matter, idioms and aesthetics systems in official architecture, public monuments and the fine and decorative arts perceived as representative of a nation's origins or cultural affiliation: from revivalist idioms (Gothic to Renaissance and Byzantine to Ottoman) to themes and idioms drawing from history, myth and folklore. The lectures will concentrate on case studies from Central Europe and the Balkans, but will include an overview of developments in the visual arts and architecture of England, Germany, France, Russia, and Türkiye.
Caravaggio	HART 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Caravaggio was one of the greatest artists of all time. He was also one of the most controversial. Nicolas Poussin once said of Caravaggio that he came into the world to destroy the art of painting. Artist, convicted murderer, and adventurer, Caravaggio was offensive and provocative in art as in life. His drunks and thugs impersonating saints set in Rome’s filthy alleys and seedy taverns shook the art world to the core. Caravaggio sneered at classicism and the canons held sacred since the Renaissance and chose to rely on natural observation instead. This course focuses on issues of style, content, and patronage to understand Caravaggio’s art and its deeper implications. Was his rejection of refinement a criticism of the excesses of the church? Was it an appeal by the embattled Roman church to the poor and underprivileged? Or was it simply a radical avant-garde statement for its own sake?
Bauhaus	HART 480	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	For one extraordinary moment between the two world wars creativity was set free from social bonds and bold experimentation in the arts echoed revolutionary changes in technology and society. At the vanguard was Bauhaus, the school and movement that merged art, architecture, and design into a style free from the bonds of history and national boundaries. Bauhaus was truly an international art for a new age. This course looks at the key moments in the history of Bauhaus against the cultural and intellectual backdrop of interwar Europe and treats them within the wider context of modernism. It covers a variety of related art, architecture and design movements starting briefly with an overview of the origins of modernism in the work of William Morris and the Arts and Crafts movement and Art Nouveau and concluding with important movements such as Constructivism, Cubism, De Stijl, New Objectivity, Suprematism and Futurism.
Principles of Atatürk and the History of the Turkish Revolution I	HIST 191	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	HIST 191 provides a comprehensive academic perspective on the history of the late Ottoman Empire and the societies that lived there in the past and present. HIST 191 is designed as complementary to HIST 192 that follows-up the content and timeline introduced in HIST 191 course, in a thematic order, by reflecting on major milestones in the history of the Ottoman Empire from the early 19th century up to the end of World War I. Taking the history of the late Ottoman Empire at its center, HIST 191 offers an interdisciplinary approach by relying on other disciplines including human history, political science, economy, and sociology. Besides, the content of HIST 191 is strongly related to the content of TLL 101. The thematic structure and the chronological framework of these separate courses follow parallel trajectories. To that end, the course provides a chance to relate the historical content of HIST 191 to the literary works that are studied in TLL 101. Finally, this course aims to teach basics of academic literacy, source criticism and fact-checking as integrated skills whilst dealing with the content material.
Principles of Atatürk and the History of the Turkish Revolution II	HIST 192	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	HIST 192 provides an academic perspective on the geography that we call the Turkish Republic today and the historical relations established among the human societies that lived there in the past and present. HIST 192 is designed to be a follow-up of HIST 191 and thus complements the content and timeline previously introduced, in a thematic order, by reflecting on major milestones in the history of the Turkish Republic from World War I up to the year 2020. With a focus on the history of Modern Türkiye at its center, HIST 192 offers an interdisciplinary approach by relying on other disciplines, social sciences, and humanities, such as human history, political science, economy, and sociology. Apart from that, the content of HIST 192 is strongly related with the content of TLL 102. The thematic structure and the chronological framework of these separate courses compliment each other. To that end, the course provides a chance to relate the historical content of HIST 192 with the literary works that are studied in TLL 102. Finally, this course aims to teach basics of academic literacy, source criticism and fact-checking as integrated skills whilst dealing with the content material.
History of the Twentieth Century	HIST 205	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The first half of the 20th century witnessed catastrophic destruction through world wars and genocides; its third quarter, in contrast, became a period of unprecedented stability and affluence; this, however, gave way to yet another phase of collapse and epochal change that marked not only the end of the century but perhaps also the end of the entire Modern Era. This course proposes to look at all this social and political tumult, as well as the accompanying history of culture, ideas, art and science, through the works and overlapping yet diverging interpretations of some its major observers and commentators.
Renaissance and Reformation Europe	HIST 221	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	European society and art c. 1300-1600. The cultural underpinnings of the transition from a horizontally organized world of regional civilizations and their relatively isolated great traditions, to a more vertically organized modern world-system. Individualism and its manifestations. Aspects of wealth and public space in the maritime city-states of Italy. Religious and civic humanism. Concentrations of talent in architecture, painting and sculpture from Florence to Rome and Venice. The Church from the late Middle Ages into the Early Modern Era. Critical independence, the printing press, and anti-clericalism. Luther at Worms: authority vs the individual conscience. The Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Mannerism and the Baroque in Italy, Germany and northern Europe.
Women in Pre-Modern Societies	HIST 223	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In recent decades, the feminist challenge to a male, ruling class dominated genre of history-writing from above has moved quickly from the 1960s' paradigm of women purely as "victims of patriarchy", through underscoring women's scope for autonomous counter-activity, to extricating "herstory" from "history" as virtually the only true and valid account. Today, though a re-integration is under way, focusing not on a separate "women's history" but on women in history - or even better, on historical women, whose real lives may be seen to have comprised a dimension of sharing and co-existence as well as a dimension of oppression and resistance. In HIST 223, all such issues and debates form part of the theoretical background that frames an empirical investigation of women's position, roles, and modes of activity in kin-based societies, in the early empires of Antiquity, in India and the Far East, in Greece and Rome, in medieval Christendom and Islamdom and in the Ottoman Empire.
History Goes to the Movies	HIST 227	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Contrary to popular belief, historical "facts" do not speak for themselves, but are structured into different interpretations which acquire even greater degrees of autonomy as we move from scholarship to art. The course will revolve around a number of movies grouped around (a) themes ranging from war to religion or from royalty to peasant life; (b) periods ranging from Biblical times to World War II; (c) geographies extending from China to the Americas; and (d) production traditions ranging from Cinecitta to Hollywood. In each case, discussion will cover the historical period, event(s) or process(es) that the movie focuses on, as well as the role of the film-maker's vision in constructing that representation.
The Medieval Hero, East and West	HIST 233	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Designed as an introduction to reading and analyzing epic narratives, this course focuses on four such key types of works re-introduced in writing during the Middle Ages : the Shahnama, the Oghuznama, the Alexander Romance, and the Arthurian Legends. Introduced at the outset will be the main themes and narrative tools employed in the construction of epics; the common features which make a “hero”; and the relevant historical contexts. These will then be brought to bear on a close examination of the works in question, with the final case study of Alexander and the Romances serving to explore the common aspects of “Eastern” and “Western” epics and heroes. The course will conclude with a discussion of the afterlife of these epics.
The Age of Revolution 1789-1848	HIST 242	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	European society and art at a time of cataclysmic transformation, involving both the Industrial Revolution the creation of the material foundations of modern welfare, and the French Revolution and the forging of the political and cultural structures of mass democracy. The old regime, the Enlightenment, and the storm. Classicism, romanticism, realism. The art market and the reading public. Studies of genres, artists and works including Hogarth, David, Goya, Constable, Delacroix, Courbet, Turner; Wordsworth, Coleridge Blake, Shelley, Keats, Byron; Beethoven, Chopin, Wagner; the rise of the novel.
Men, Ships and the Sea	HIST 245	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The history of shipbuilding and seafaring offers fascinating insights into the interaction between ecologies, technologies, incentives and ambitions, knowledge, production, and lifestyles. Human societies inhabiting coastal areas have developed various ship types both by way of utilising the available materials, and in order to cope with the specific problems posed by different seas or oceans. As a complicated piece of machinery, each such ship generates multiple technological demands on different sectors; it also becomes a part of dense patterns of human existence, comprising routes, movement, trade, exploration, and migrations. Combining social with technological history, the course proposes to explore these and other themes through the prism of five major ship types : a Mediterranean galley; an 18th century ship-of-the-line; a tea clipper; a dreadnought; and an ocean liner from the gilded age of transatlantic travel.
The Süleymanic Era	HIST 285	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to analyze the political institutions and social organization of the Ottoman Empire at the time of its greatest impact in world history. The evolution of political ideas and institutions and the articulation of internal social mechanisms will be studied across the full spectrum of Ottoman involvement in European and Asian affairs - in diplomacy, warfare and trade as well as ideological and cultural contacts and interactions ranging from Renaissance Europe to flourishing Asian empires.
East / West Encounters	HIST 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a critical review of texts, images and institutional-scholarly discourses that reflect or embody the East/West problematic. HIST 311 investigates the specific cultural, social and political contexts within which the imaginary boundaries between the two cultural realms, "the Orient" and "the Occident", have been constituted. While familiarizing students with the recent critical literature on the question of alterity, the course aims to demonstrate how knowledge of the "other" is historically constructed and indissolubly linked to shifting relations of power.
Episodes in the History of Science I	HIST 315	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course will begin with a quick survey of history of science from Antiquity to the present. It will then concentrate on the main aim, which is to try to have a better understanding of the emergence of the new science in central and western Europe following the Renaissance era. What are the cultural and social factors which helped this breakthrough, how did the results affect people's lifestyles and political views, and why did it take so many centuries for the scientific method to penetrate the Ottoman realm? These and other subjects will be discussed in a collective manner, many items will be assigned to students for deeper study, and new findings will bring important contributions to our understanding.
Episodes in the History of Science II	HIST 316	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A sequel to HIST 315, which pursues the story of the further development of the sciences and their impact on society from the middle of the 19th century to the present, covering, together with the West, the history of science in both Ottoman and Republican Türkiye. As in HIST 315, an episodic treatment requiring extensive student participation throughout.
Revolutions in History	HIST 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is a revolution? Are revolutions necessary and inevitable, hence universal? Is their balance sheet all positive or all negative ? Why, after an enduring revolutionist legacy, are revolutions being so strictly questioned today? Does "the end of history" mean "the end of revolutions" ? The course proposes to tackle these and other questions from a standpoint situated outside both the revolutionary and the anti-revolutionary discourses that have long dominated the intellectual scene. Attempting to construct a new, critical historiography of the subject, it draws on the evidence provided by a number of case studies on the English, the French, the Russian, the Kemalist and the Chinese revolutions, and works its way through a number of thinkers ranging from Burke and Tocqueville through Marx to Brinton, Skocpol, Furet or Hobsbawm, in order to problematize themes like the link between revolutions and modernity, the time-space distribution of revolutions, "normal" and "abnormal" politics, crises of legitimacy, the dialectics of leadership and mass support, stages of revolutionary action, violence and demonstrations of punishment, the radicalization and militarization of revolutions, European and non-European revolutions, and the alignments and legacies of revolutions. Also see HIST 623 for the possibility of being taken simultaneously as a graduate seminar subject to extra conditions and requirements.
A History of North America up to the Reconstruction Era	HIST 324	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is mainly a history of the English colonies and of the United States of America up to the third quarter of the 19th century. Topics to be dealt with include : Old and New World societies; what "discovery" entailed; exchange and transfer of people, germs, animals, plants and technology; Spanish vs English colonization; New England vs the Chesapeake Bay colonies; the importance of being Puritan; European rivalries and native alliances; England and the colonies; the Navigation Acts; indentured servitude and slavery; the American Revolution; the Constitution and the Bill of Rights; the initial growth and expansion of the United States; the North-South divide; religious / social reform and party politics; the debate over slavery vs Abolitionism; "states' rights" and the Civil War of 1861-1865.
Latin American History and Culture	HIST 326	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a historical survey of the Latin American continent, organized around instances of encounter, disruption, exchange and creativity. Major themes to be dealt with comprise : colonial encounters and legacies, including especially the Columbian Exchange; the dynamics of slavery and slave societies; post-independence processes of nation-building; Latin America's post-/neo-colonial relationship to the United States; the 20th century predicaments of the region, ranging from dictatorships to genocide, from racism to modern day slavery and police violence. Following an interdisciplinary approach, the course surveys the literature as well as the film, music, literature and policy produced within the region, students will be exposed to ways of thinking about Latin American culture and society, as well as to how Latin American artists, writers and intellectuals represent their nations and cultures to themselves and to the world
Early Islamic History : A Survey	HIST 331	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course covers the period from the emergence of Islam to the end of Abbasid rule in Baghdad, and focuses on the central lands of Islam. After a chronological review of the political processes of expansion, state-formation, and decentralization, various aspects of social and intellectual life are examined. Topics to be covered include : the question of unity and diversity in Islamic history; the development of the religious sciences, law, political thought and philosophy; social hierarchies in theory and practice; and economic life and thought. For the possibility of being taken as a graduate course, subject to additional readings and work requirements, see HIST 531.
Islamic History: the Middle Period (c.945 - 1500)	HIST 332	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A continuing survey of Islamic history from around the middle of the 10th century, comprising: the deepening crisis of the Abbasid caliphate; mass conversions to Islam among non-Arab peoples (including the Karakhanids as well as the Volga Bulgars); the triumph of the Seljukid war-leadership over the Ghaznavids, and from 980 the overrunning of East Iran, then Mesopotamia, and eventually Asia Minor by this new Turkish warrior nobility. A first external shock in the form of the Crusades. With the breakup of the Greater Seljukids, the emergence of a series of independent Seljukid successor sultanates in Anatolia, Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Kirman and Iran; the triple division of the caliphate itself (between the Abbasids in Baghdad, the Fatimids in Egypt, and the Umayyads in Spain). A second external shock of the Mongol conquest. Finally, the rise of the Mamluks in Egypt, the Ottomans in northwest Anatolia and Rumelia, and the Safavids in Iranian space.
The Gunpowder Empires of the Islamic World, ca. 1450-1800	HIST 335	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course focuses on the so-called gunpowder empires of the Islamic world of the early modern era, i.e. the Ottoman Empire, Mughal India and Safavid Iran. As part of a universal trend, it was this age when much of the current territorial, confessional, political, social and cultural boundaries dividing the Islamic world were set up. The course consists of three units. After an introduction, first it focuses on the political history of these polities, compares them with each other from various aspects, including religion, administration, the military, economy, trade, the role of and attitude to minorities, as well as various facets of culture. Lastly it revisits these issues by way of a critique of decline narratives related to the Islamic World. It discusses Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal history not only as comparative but also as connected phenomena.
History of Central and Inner Asia	HIST 336	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course surveys the history of Central and Inner Asia (the territory of the former Soviet Central Asian republics, Kirgizstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, as well as Mongolia and Northwest China) from the beginnings to the present, also including in the discussion the East European steppe region when appropriate. While it looks at this vast geographical space as part of various imperial configurations (the Hun, Türk, Kazar, Mongol, Timurid, and Russian Empires, as well as the Muslim Caliphate and the Soviet Union), it discusses local historical processes and dynamics, addressing the question of in what sense the region can be considered a separate historical-geographical entity.
War and Society II : The Military Revolution and the Genesis of the Modern State	HIST 341	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is the second in a series of five "period" courses revolving around the general theme of the social roots and determinants of warfare, and the impact of war on society. The series as a whole is designed to contribute to both the war-and-peace and the state-formation and state- theory dimensions of the SPS degree program, while this course in particular focuses on the second major threshold problematized by the new military history: the European development and crystallization of the modern state. Readings, ranging from Geoffrey Parker and Michael Howard, to Gabor Agoston and Rhoads Murphey, draw heavily on Charles Tilly's notion of "war-making and state-making as organized crime", as well as the literature on the "military revolution", which is seen as a new way of organizing fighting with gunpowder weapons. Crucial in this regard was the invention of a close-order infantry drill, though developments in siege and naval warfare were also important. This then impacted in all directions, transforming warriors into soldiers in order to effect one of the greatest homogenizations of modernity: armies in uniform, bearing standardized weapons, using standardized ammunition and undergoing constant training in order to achieve clockwork precision in carrying out standardized commands -- the same kind of mechanical precision that was overtaking the sphere of production through the division of labour in Adam Smith's manufactories. It also engendered enormous costs, forcing state apparatuses into functional specialization, bureaucratization, and the creation of national tax systems in order to pay for the supply lines and systems required by modern warfare. There were social consequences (in the form of process analysis); also existential consequences for non-European societies, including the Ottomans, who like a few other pre-modern empires were faced with the-do-or-die question of "importing the European army."
Men, Ships and the Sea	HIST 345	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The history of shipbuilding and seafaring offers fascinating insights into the interaction between ecologies, technologies, incentives and ambitions, knowledge, production, and lifestyles. Human societies inhabiting coastal areas have developed various ship types both by way of utilising the available materials, and in order to cope with the specific problems posed by different seas or oceans. As a complicated piece of machinery, each such ship generates multiple technological demands on different sectors; it also becomes a part of dense patterns of human existence, comprising routes, movement, trade, exploration, and migrations. Combining social with technological history, the course proposes to explore these and other themes through the prism of five major ship types : a Mediterranean galley; an 18th century ship-of-the-line; a tea clipper; a dreadnought; and an ocean liner from the gilded age of transatlantic travel.
Diplomatic History of the Modern Era I (1815-1950)	HIST 348	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	An overview of international politics and diplomacy from the Settlement of Vienna to the immediate aftermath of the Second World War. Weekly sub-themes to be pursued as issues both in diplomatic and military history, and in international law, include : (1) A general introduction focusing on the transformations wrought by the French Revolution; (2) the Congress of Vienna; (3) the Age of Restoration; (4) the Eastern Question and the Crimean War; (5) the Paris Conference and settlement; (6) the age of nationalisms and national unification; (7) the age of imperialism, and the emergence of permanent alliances or ententes; (8) World War I and the various treaties of Paris; (9) the League of Nations; (10) revisionism in Central Europe; (11) World War II and the birth of the UN; (12) de-colonization; (13) the onset of the Cold War.
Diplomatic History of the Modern Era II (1945-2004)	HIST 349	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Aims to provide an overview of international developments from the Potsdam Conference down to the current issues of globalization and the emergence of USA as the only world power. Topics dealt with include : the origins of the Cold War; NATO and the Warsaw Pact; regional wars (Korea, Vietnam) and other crises (Berlin, Cuba, the Middle East); ); the partial thaw of the 1970s; the SALT agreements; the Third World and the Non-Alignment movement; the Helsinki Summit of 1975. Escalating tensions from the late 1970s into the 1980s (renewed nuclear buildups, together with crises in Grenada, Nicaragua, Afghanistan, and Ethiopia- Somalia). The disintegration of the USSR and the end of the Cold War. A new era of diplomatic and military instability, marked by US unilateralism, the emergence of China as a new power, the EU as another global player, continuing problems in Russia, "failed states" in the Third World, and global terrorism.
Social and Economic History of the Ottoman Empire	HIST 363	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Over the last few decades, methodological insightsof of a comparative and inter-disciplinary nature have triggered major challenges to the textbook notion of a glorious Ottoman ''classical age'' followed by perpetual ''decline'' until the onset of Westernizing reforms in the 19th century. To be counterposed to the static nature of this traditional paradigm is a dynamic, historical treatment of socio-economic transformations and continuities over 1300-1800. Issues to be covered include : land tenure; the organization of urban production, trade, and credit relations; the challenge posed by the rise of the modern world system; family and gender relations; ethnic and religious diversity; intellectual life; popular culture and forms of plebeian protest; the mechanisms of social and political control; and relations between state and society.
History of a City I : From Byzantion to Constantinople	HIST 370	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	''A city capable of absorbing everything,'' is how the famous French historian Maurice Aymard described Constantinople / Istanbul in the 1970s. HIST 370 is designed to take students through the first two thousand years of this many-layered history, starting with a modest colony established by the Greek polis of Megara, growing through a crucial choice made by Constantine early in the AD 4th century into ''New Rome'', then rising and ultimately falling, in 1453, with the fortunes of the Byzantine empire. A historical introduction on these and other key phases will be followed by in-depth lectures many of which will be delivered on site in the course of study trips to leading Byzantine locations and monuments. A minimum of two such lecture hours per week will be complemented by intensive discussion sessions. For the possibility of taking ''History of a City I'' as a graduate course, subject to additional readings as well as research and writing requirements, see HIST 570.
History of a City II : Ottoman Istanbul, 1450-1900	HIST 371	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Beginning with a baseline survey of conditions prevailing shortly before the siege and eventual capture of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, HIST 371, whether taken independently or as a sequel to HIST 370, is designed to take students from Ottoman Istanbul's initial re-building and repopulation, through its 16th century efflorescence as the capital of a new and resurgent empire, as well as through the manifold transformations of the 17th and 18th centuries, into the Tanzimat onset of modernity. Historical backgrounding lectures on these and other key phases or developments will be complemented with other, on site lectures in the course of study trips to leading Ottoman locations and monuments. For the possibility of proceeding from the ?taught course? components of HIST 371 to primary research at the advanced graduate level, see HIST 571.
The Ottomans, Europe and the World in the Sixteenth	HIST 385	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Century A broad comparative perspective : political formations and societies in a century of quickened change. European ''early modern'' era compared with the Ottomans and other great Muslim empires (Safavi, Mughal), as well as with Ming China and the establishment of Tokugawa Japan. Social and political institutions; global reach of Atlantic Europe; claims, aspirations and objectives of Asian empires.
Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Foreign Policy	HIST 397	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course presents a detailed survey, based on primary source materials, of (a) the foreign policy orientations that the Ottoman state was forced to adopt in the face of developments originating in the realm of the Eurocentric international relations of the last quarter of the 19th century; and (b) the foreign policy course pursued by the modern Turkish Republic from the first quarter of the 20th century. Special attention will be devoted to exploring the inner connections between Türkiye's foreign policy issues, and international politics in general, as well as the continuities and discontinuities of a critical century in the history of Turkish foreign policy. For the possibility of being taken as a graduate research seminar, subject to the condition of producing a major research paper based on primary sources, see HIST 697.
History of the Twentieth Century	HIST 405	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The first half of the 20th century witnessed catastrophic destruction through world wars and genocides; its third quarter, in contrast, became a period of unprecedented stability and affluence; this, however, gave way to yet another phase of collapse and epochal change that marked not only the end of the century but perhaps also the end of the entire Modern Era. HIST 405 proposes to look at all this social and political tumult, as well as the accompanying history of culture, ideas, art and science, through the works and overlapping yet diverging interpretations of some its major observers and commentators.
The Twentieth Century Through Art and Literature	HIST 406	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course seeks not to familiarize students with a basic factography of the 20th century, but to guide them into explorations of the infinite variety of its human conditions -- perceived through great art, literature and films pertaining to its great tragedies, bunched for example around the horror of trench warfare; the promise and failure of revolutions; Fascism, Nazism and Stalinism; totalitarianisms and their camp systems; occupations and resistance movements; atrocities and genocides; life in the shadow of nuclear weapons; readings and meanings of the collapse of Communism; the rise, degeneration and fall of the Third World.
The Scientific Revolution	HIST 415	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The Scientific Revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries did more than explain the motions of the heavenly bodies. It also invented scientific method. Thereby it established a new way of knowing. Furthermore, it built science, which was not even a distinct, recognizable activity up to that point, into the independent and centrally important institution that it has become in contemporary society, It was only from the mid-17th century onward, that the material, social, political and cultural conditions which have become integral parts of modern science emerged. Dealing with all these and other dimensions, this course will focus especially on the interaction between scientific ideas and the context that gave birth to them. It offers a gallery of sources and methods historians of science use to understand science in the past, and introduces students to reading and analyzing scientific texts, individuals and circumstances in history. The course also aims to encourage literacy across disciplines and faculties on the history of science.
Nature and Empires	HIST 423	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What did empires look like on the ground? What can changing landscapes tell us about the history of imperialism or colonial societies, politics, and economies? How did local environments aid or constrain particular forms of empire? How did the study and use of nature contribute to the conquest and exploitation of foreign territories, or the expansion, administration, and upheaval of colonial regimes? This course will survey the recent scholarly literature on the global environmental history of empire, with emphasis on Early Modern and Modern European colonies. Special attention will focus on the environmental aspects of the reciprocal relationship between science (especially medicine, natural history, geography, and anthropology) and the making and unmaking of empires.
Family, Childhood and Gender in European History	HIST 424	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Historical and cultural studies have previously discounted the history of the ''private life'', such that takes place within the intimate sphere of home. In that respect, women and children as individuals, and family, as a social entity were kept out of research and analysis for a long time. In the 1960s, however, social history had a pioneering and remarkable role as a major authority to change the status quo. Gender, childhood, and family came to be considered as significant sites of analysis and the consecutive decades brought about the formation of them into significant fields of inquiry. History of family, history of childhood, and gender history grew considerably in time and the last three decades have produced discrete historical studies that provide richly detailed accounts on these issues. Parallel with this trend, this course will specifically focus on family, gender, and childhood in Europe in order to provide an alternative version of studying European history.
The History of Childhood and Youth in Modern Europe and the Ottoman Empire	HIST 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is devoted to comparative perspectives on the cultural, social, economic, and political history of childhood and youth in both 19th century Europe and the Ottoman Empire. More specifically, it will focus on how children as historical actors played a role in the history of their communities. An introduction on children in historiography will be followed by explorations of : European and Ottoman childhood(s) before the modern era; the ''discovery'' of childhood and youth in modern times; families and child-rearing; motherhood and fatherhood; policies and practices relating to education; policies and practices relating to Ottoman child labor; crime, criminalization, and juvenile delinquency; mechanisms of constructing adolescence; the sexuality of childhood and youth; orphans and non-family environments of growing up. The course will conclude with a preview of childhood and youth issues in modern Türkiye.
Education, Literacy, Printing	HIST 427	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The history of education and literacy in Islamic and Ottoman societies from around 1400 to 1800 will be studied in comparative perspective. Topics will include : conceptions of reading and education in pre-modern societies; elite readers and elite reading matter; the diffusion of literacy and publishing; the social and political conditions for widespread printing in Tokugawa Japan; comparisons between pre-1800 modes and levels of literacy in the Russian and Ottoman empires.
Introduction to Byzantine History (AD 300-1453)	HIST 431	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to the society, politics, and culture of Byzantium. It covers the transformation of the Late Roman through the East Roman into the Byzantine empire, the role of the Byzantine church, the changing political, military, and economic fortunes of the empire over the centuries, as well as the everyday life of various social groups (including peasants, soldiers, monks, artisans, and women). Byzantium will be treated not in isolation, but in a broader world-context comprising its neighbors and political rivals, and focusing especially on its relations with the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire, the Balkan Slavs, and contemporary Muslim powers. Readings will include a variety of printed primary sources in translation together with selections from the standard secondary literature.
Medieval Europe: A Social and Economic History	HIST 433	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introduces the student to the basic shape and some fundamental problems of the European Middle Ages, and simultaneously to the works and ideas of a number of leading Medievalists. Topics dealt with include: a retrospective on the Renaissance and Enlightenment construction of the Middle Ages as part of a Eurocentric periodization. Axes of comparison between Ancient and Medieval civilization. Medieval Europe as a type of peasant (or tributary) society. Kingship and lordship; state-formation and class-formation. Paths into manorialism and serfdom. Determinants and patterns of fief distribution. The remoulding of old into new social classes. Factors accelerating the rise of private lordship. Church and state in the definition of Medieval society. Debates over "feudalism", and over comparisons between European feudalism and the Ottoman timar system. Processes and problems of High and Late Medieval history. Towns and trade. Forms of rent in transformation. From" feudal" to "national" monarchies: the growth of state power.
Russian History I : Tsarist Russia (from the 17th Century to 1917)	HIST 434	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a survey course on the general history of Russia from its early beginnings with the Muscovite state until World War I. It will begin with a general discussion on the geographical characteristics of Russia and the cultural peculiarities of the Russian population. Here the emphasis will be on the Eurasian dimension or character of the Russian lands. Strictly historical lectures will begin with Muscovy over 1450-1598, and will continue into the ''Time of Troubles,'' leading to the rise of the Romanov dynasty.The next issue will be the modernizing efforts of Peter the Great, and the political and social effects of these Petrine reforms (1682-1740). In the course of reviewing the policies of ''enlightened reform'' pursued by Catherine the Great (1762-1796), Russian expansionism against Poland and the Ottoman empire, as well as popular reactions such as the Pugachev Rebellion (1773-1775) will also be taken into account. Over the period between 1801-1855, the Napoleonic wars (1805-1815) and their impact, autocratic conservatism, and the Crimean War (1853-1856) will be highlighted. For the second half of the 19th century, attention fill focus on the emancipation of the serfs (1860), other administrative reforms and economic development accompanying expansion in Central Asia and Far East, and the emergence of a revolutionary opposition. The turbulent period of 1890-1914 will be discussed in terms of rapid industrialization, general poverty and popular unrest, defeat in the Russo-Japanese war and the subsequent 1905 revolution. The last weeks of the course will be devoted to World War I and the coming of the 1917 February and October revolutions.
History of The Modern Middle East	HIST 436	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A survey designed to introduce students to the basic themes and problems of Middle East history from the Ottoman conquest to the Oslo Peace Process, with special emphasis on the period from the late 18th to the late 20th century. The establishment of Ottoman rule over the Arab lands; Arab-Ottoman society and culture; European expansionism beginning from Napoleon's invasion of Egypt; the impact of the West in general; the coming of modern, reforming governments; the rise of the intelligentsia, of nationalism, and of Islamic revivalist modernism (salafiyya); Constitutionalism and constitutional revolutions in Iran and the Ottoman Empire. The collapse of the Ottoman order; imperialism and the zenith of European power; Arab struggles for independence; consolidation of the Yishuv and the birth of Israel; collapse of the European empires; the radicalisation of Arab politics; Nasserism, Baathist regimes in Syria and Iraq, the Iranian Revolution, and the Israeli-Palestinian question.
Empires, Nations, and their Aftermath: Central and Eastern Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries	HIST 437	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce the modern history of Central and Eastern Europe through the prism of nationalism. First, attention will be paid to the relationship between nation and empire, specifically in the cases of the Habsburg and Russian empires. Themes addressed will include how empires incorporated, divided or excluded heterogeneous territories and peoples, and how the existence of multi-ethnic empires influenced nationalism and national movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Students will be encouraged to discuss parallels with the Ottoman case. The second main topic of the course concerns the role of nationalism in the breakup of empires, as well as the fate of their legacy in the form of the resulting successor-states. In other words, this part of the course will deal with the emergence of nation-states and the survival of nationalism in inter-war Europe, including the rise of National Socialism. Finally, without accepting the often-emphasized similarities of the dissolution of the Soviet Union with that of the Russian, Habsburg or Ottoman empires, the course will conclude with reflections on the role of nationalism in and after the collapse of the Communist bloc.
The Economic History of the Middle East Since World War II	HIST 438	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A critical overview of the processes of economic growth and transformation in the Middle East from World War II to the present. Countries to be studied include Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, the Arab states of the Arabian Peninsula, Iran and Türkiye.
Christians In The Ottoman Empire	HIST 439	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course offers to examine the history and condition of Christians -- a majority of whom were the Greek Orthodox people (Rum) -- in Anatolia and the Balkans under the Ottoman Empire. From some basic concepts of non- Muslim historiography (such as zımmi or millet), the course will move to the various ways in which historians have interpreted the Christian presence under Ottoman rule. Byzantium as a state was very closely associated with Orthodox Christianity and the Greek language. What did its demise mean for Orthodox Christians and their institutions ? How did Ottoman social, economic and administrative structures absorb and influence Christians; in turn, how did they participate in producing and re-producing the imperial framework ? Special attention will be paid to : communal life and institutions, the place of Christians in Ottoman administration and imperial networks, the Phanariots, the rise of the Greek bourgeoisie, the emergence of the Greek nation-state, Greek education, and the contribution of Christians to Ottoman urban space and architecture.
The Enlightenment World	HIST 441	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is an upper-level seminar course dealing with the intellectual history of the 18th century, covering aspects of the Enlightenment, as well as its wider reception, in France, Germany, Italy, and the British Isles. It examines the development of ideas on philosophy, religion, ethics, law, the economy, politics, and society, which had an impact on the historical arena at this time. It is intended to enable students to acquire a sound knowledge of the key figures of the European Enlightenment movement; to develop an overall grasp of the contribution of the European Enlightenment to the fields of literature, science, philosophy, and political and ethical theory; and to acquire an up-to-date understanding of modern critical historiography on the Enlightenment.
War and Society IV: World War I and the Ottoman Empire	HIST 443	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	As the watershed between the ''long 19th'' and the ''short 20th century'', the Great War cuts across many national histories. In particular, it marks the twilight of empires. This course will take a close look at both the general and the Ottoman-Turkish experience of 1914-18. Aspects covered will include : the New Imperialism background; the road to war; the unfolding of military action, and the various fronts and campaigns, in Europe and elsewhere; the new war economies; the carnage at the front and various other forms of human suffering behind the lines; dimensions of ethnic cleansing; ; the impact on art and literature; social and political consequences.
Palestine versus the Palestinians	HIST 447	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	There is a tremendous tension between the historical evolution of “Palestine” as a territorial unit, on the one hand; and of the “Palestinians” as a people, on the other. Instead of a natural fit between identity and territory, it is as if one can only exist at the expense of the other. Why is it that Palestine resists belonging to its inhabitants? How and when did they become a “people”? And can they become a single political community, divided as they are into Palestinian citizens of Israel; “residents” of Occupied Territories, and stateless refugees? To explore these questions students are introduced to recent scholarship on the modern history of Palestine and the Palestinians that unsettles nationalist narratives and imagines alternative futures.
The Eastern Question, 1768-1923	HIST 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A survey of the ideological, political and military processes and structurations attending, and developing through, nearly two centuries of attempts by the European Great Powers of the 18th and especially the 19th centuries to partition the Ottoman Empire, eventually designated as the Sick Man of Europe. Also see HIST 650 for the possibility of being taken as a graduate seminar subject to the fulfillment of the necessary conditions for a research seminar in History.
History of the Balkan Lands up to the Early 19th Century and the Onset of Tanzimat Modernization	HIST 455	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to introduce undergraduate students with some initial knowledge of key Ottoman institutions, to the pre-modern history of the Balkan peoples during the Ottoman centuries. But it may also provide useful backgrounding for graduate students interested in focusing on Modern Balkan History, or on Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish History complemented by a comparative knowledge of modern Balkan dimensions. The main themes to be dealt with may include : the Balkans as a region; the Balkans on the eve of the Ottoman conquest; the Ottoman expansion into southeast and then towards central Europe; the impact of the wars of Ottoman conquest on the Balkan peoples; establishing Ottoman authority in the Balkans : the specifics of the administration and status of the Balkan territories; questions of self-rule; administrative and judicial institutions in the Balkan provinces of the Ottoman empire; agrarian relations; towns and urban society; Islam in the Balkans; colonisation and Islamisation; the organisation of the religious and cultural life of non-Muslim Ottoman subjects; questions of communal status; the cultural life of the Balkan peoples during the 15th - 18th centuries; the Balkan provinces during the 18th and the early 19th centuries; the emergence of the Eastern Question; characteristic features of the Balkan Awakenings as a cultural and economic phenomenon -- the Enlightenment and Romanticism, the genesis and specific features of Balkan capitalism, the Serbian Uprisings and the formation of the Serbian vassal principality; the Greek War of Independence and the formation of the Greek kingdom. Assessment will be based on a written paper and a final examination.
Ottoman Reform Movements I (1550-1839)	HIST 461	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introduction to classical Ottoman political thought. Increasing consciousness of political and social crisis, exemplified in the writings of Kınalızade and Gelibolulu Mustafa Âli. Attempts to return to the past during the 17th century, as seen in the Kadızadeli movements and the reports of Koçibey. Early tendencies of partial Westernization in the 18th century, as reflected in the Tulip Era or the thinking of the likes of İbrahim Müteferrika and Yirmisekiz Çelebi Mehmet Efendi. The Nizâm-ı Cedid and the beginnings of institutional modernization (1792- 1807). Reactions against reform : Halet Efendi. The centralizing policies and reforms of Mahmud II (1808-1839), and local resistance.
Ottoman Reform Movements II:Political and Social Reforms (1839-1918)	HIST 462	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Intellectual and social issues that are still very much alive in present-day Türkiye have their antecedents in the 19th century Ottoman empire. The Ottoman 19th century was a period where old and new, reform and reaction met and mingled, and simultaneously confronted each other. This was also a time when the empire was shaken by a series of wars and crises of disintegration. Reformist bureaucrats implemented policies intended to forestall this process, while the intelligentsia vehemently opposed authoritarian reforms. Debates around the future of the empire became most fruitful during the first four years of the Second Constitutional Period (1908-1912), when people enjoyed some degree of liberal freedom. But public discussion came to an abrupt end when the Committee of Union and Progress established its military dictatorship (1913-1918). As a whole, this ''long 19th century'' was when the institutional foundations of Turkish modernization were laid down. This course aims to introduce, discuss, and understand Ottoman reform movements and ideas of the last hundred years of Ottoman existence, based on evaluations of reformist statesmen of the Tanzimat period, of oppositional intellectuals of the 1860s and 1870s, of the conservative stance adopted by Hamidian absolutism (1878-1908), and the Young Turk reformist ideas of the last decades of the Ottoman empire (1889-1918).
Social and Economic History of the Ottoman Empire	HIST 463	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Over the last few decades, methodological insightsof of a comparative and inter-disciplinary nature have triggered major challenges to the textbook notion of a glorious Ottoman ''classical age'' followed by perpetual ''decline'' until the onset of Westernizing reforms in the 19th century. To be counterposed to the static nature of this traditional paradigm is a dynamic, historical treatment of socio-economic transformations and continuities over 1300-1800. Issues to be covered include : land tenure; the organization of urban production, trade, and credit relations; the challenge posed by the rise of the modern world system; family and gender relations; ethnic and religious diversity; intellectual life; popular culture and forms of plebeian protest; the mechanisms of social and political control; and relations between state and society.
Love, Entertainment and Daily Culture in Ottoman Poetry, 1400-1800	HIST 465	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to explore selected topics in Ottoman poetry such as love, daily life and social gatherings, entertainment, imagined feasts. Together with themes characteristic to Divan Poetry such as understanding of love in Islamic societies, lovers and beloveds, sophism and mystical love, sexuality and worldly interactions; daily pleasures including uses of coffee, wine, opium; social functions and technical aspects of Ottoman poetry (aruz, poetic syntax, narrative styles, vocabulary) will be studied. This course introduces a variety of Ottoman poetic genres such as masnavis, ghazals, kasidas, mersiyes. At the end of the semester, students are expected to learn how to read and analyze samples of verses by major Ottoman poets written between 1400-1800.
Approaches to Agrarian Societies	HIST 473	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In the last two decades the social sciences have become increasingly urban-biased. While cities, slums, skyscrapers and urban dwellers have crowded the stage, peasants and agricultural life have vanished from it. This course aims to bring agrarian societies back into scholarly attention. It examines agrarian societies in the modern era from a comparative historical and theoretical perspective. Topics to be investigated include : approaches to agrarian history and sociology; typologies of peasant societies and economies; ways in which forces of commercialization, industrialization and urbanization have been imprinting themselves on agrarian lives; systems of land tenure, moral economy debates, migration, peasant resistance and agency, and representations of agrarian societies or peasants in literature, film and other art.
Postorientalism and Postcolonialism	HIST 475	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The term “Postcolonialism” characterizes a loosely defined field of interdisciplinary perspectives, theories and methods that deal with dimensions of colonial rule in the past and its effects into the immediate present. Venturing to deconstruct colonial discourses and representations, Postcolonial Studies has had a deep imprint on humanities and social sciences in the last decades, and familiarity with it has become crucial to handling research literature on the Middle East. Given academic developments over the last forty years, of equal importance to scholars in this field is a viable Postorientalist approach. Along with Edward Said’s path-breaking work, students will also gain insight into other dimensions of postcolonial literature, such as Subaltern Studies originating in the attempt of South Asian scholars to come to terms with the legacy of British rule. The last third of the term will focus on applying all such theoretical insights to Middle Eastern, Ottoman and Türkiye studies.
Late Ottoman and Modern Turkish Politics and Literature	HIST 476	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course concentrates on the interaction between late Ottoman and Republican Turkish politics and literature. By analyzing literary texts that suggest particular political positions, it discusses the influence of political movements on literature and how in turn literature contributes to these movements. The course equips students with a holistic approach towards literature, politics and history as well as with a conception of the ideal political and social orders that are suggested in these works.
Peripheral Populations in the Ottoman Empire (1300-1914)	HIST 484	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The Ottoman state considered itself to be the "protector of the ideal world order (nizâm-ı âlem)" and the center of justice. As part of this view, the Sublime Porte assumed a regulatory role towards what it regarded as the peripheral elements (such as heterodox communities, or tribal and nomadic groups) of the provincial population of the Balkans, Anatolia, and the Arab lands. In the 19th century era of reforms, adopting the ''rational order'' and ''progress'' values of the European Enlightenment led to an even further enhancement of this role. Over the 17th and 18th centuries, on the other hand, the provinces had been governed by local gentry and notables enjoying a de facto autonomy. Thus after 1774, the centralizing and regulatory policies of reforming governments created new tensions between the center and the provinces. These tensions continued well into the late 19th century. This course aims to discuss this complex relationship between the center and peripheral populations from the 15th and 16th centuries onward, focusing on topics such as the New Order (Nizâm-ı Cedîd) reforms, Mahmud II's policies of centralization and provincial resistance, the issue of frontier regions (Bosnia, Albania, Kurdistan), the problem of the sedentarization of tribal/nomadic populations, and ideological steps to integrate peripheral groups into the imperial framework (the Hamidian era and the Second Constitutional Period).
Minority Questions in Contemporary Türkiye	HIST 485	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	First decolonization and then the end of the Cold War have led to new waves of transnational movement. Mass immigration and floods of refugees have given rise to economic, social and cultural clashes, feeding into fresh problems of ethno-religious otherization that have come to haunt even the normally most stable and tolerant democracies of Europe. Simultaneously, Türkiye's EU process is bringing into question a number of minority issues that are the legacy of the transition from the multi-ethnic Ottoman empire into Balkan, Caucasian and Middle Eastern nation-states. What are these questions? Which groups are involved? How can cultural, linguistic and religious rights be applied to the relationship between majority and minority groups at the national and international levels? How can consciousness of ethnic, religious or cultural diversity be fostered and promoted as a common value? It is to such historical and contemporary problems that SPS 485 is addressed. For the possibility of taking this course at a graduate level, subject to certain additional requirements, see HIST 585.
Topics in Armenian History and Literature	HIST 486	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course offers an opportunity for an initial encounter with Armenian history, culture and literature. Its specific focus may change from one term to the next, depending on the visiting instructor as well as on student interest. Thus it may entail an overall survey as well as much more in-depth penetration of special issues or problems. Both the themes and approaches involved may be interdisciplinary in nature, drawing upon anthropology, sociology or visual studies, too, along with history and literature.
Proto-Fascism in Europe and the Ottoman Empire	HIST 487	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Situated at the junction of nationalism studies with the history of Fascism and Nazism, this course proposes to explore the formation of proto-fascism (including its various dimensions of racism, anti-semitism, Social Darwinism, radical modernism, authoritarian state-fetishism, nihilism, mysticism, the death urge and the Führer principle) in the late 19th and early 20th century -- first in its original European and then its Late Ottoman context, where it acquired secondary literature but also a number of primary sources (such as the key periodicals of the Second Constitutional period).
Nationalist Projects in Southeast European History	HIST 488	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The protracted decline and breakup of the Ottoman empire went hand in hand with the rise of a number of mutually antagonistic nationalisms which kept competing not only against the Porte but also against one another for political, ideological, and economic space. After initial, embryonic nation-statehood, such competition acquired irredentistic extensions. HIST 488 proposes to look at various such projects that culminated in great human tragedies in the early 20th century, the legacy of which endures to this day. Thus a brief introduction on theories of nation and nationalism will be followed by close examinations of : (1) the idea of a ''Greater Serbia'';(2) the rise of the ''Illyrianism'' (or Illyrismus) concept and the related notion of ''Yugoslavia'' in Croatia; (3) the role of state policy in the Greek megali idea; (4) Ottomanism (Osmanlılık) : an initial reaction against nationalist movements; (5) religion, ethnos, and nation in Bulgaria; (6) how ''constructed'' was the Macedonian nation; (7) the development of Albanian ''nationhood'' and the idea of a ''greater Albania''; (8) the rise and outlines of Turkish nationalism. The course will conclude with a review of nationalism and ''minorities'' questions today.
From Empire to Republic : Turkish Nationalism and the Nation-State	HIST 489	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A dense survey course on the making of Modern Türkiye with a special focus on the ideological dimension of nation-building. Moves from multiple backgrounds (in : the broad outlines of Ottoman history; the ''long'' 19th century; the New Imperialism; Eurocentrism and Orientalism; racism and Social Darwinism), through Ottoman-Turkish elites? evolving love-and-hate relationship with the West, to the fashioning and grounding of a specifically Turkish (as against an Ottoman or a Muslim) identity in the throes of the protracted crisis of 1908-22. Makes considerable use of literature, too, to explore the myths of originism and authocthonism, as well as the ''golden age'' narratives, connected with both early and Kemalist varieties of Turkish nationalism. Also see HIST 589 for the possibility of being taken at the graduate level.
Texts and Constructions of National Memory II : Reading the Republican Historians	HIST 490	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A critical approach to history-writing in the Republican era. The institutionalization and professionalization of History as an academic discipline. Historical backwardness, catching-up agendas, national developmentalism, and the "Prussian way" in Türkiye. Nationalism, historians, and the state. The construction of a national canon from Akçura and Köprülü, through Barkan, to İnalcık. Universalism vs particularism. History from above vs history from below. Odd men out : Reşat Ekrem Koçu, Mustafa Akdağ. Debates over Islamic, Ottoman or Turkish identities/legacies as reflected in Art History. The contrasting worlds of historians and archeologists. The apertura of the 1950s and 60s. The advent of social and economic history. Debates over imperialism, underdevelopment, and pre-capitalist modes of production. The post-60s generation in History and the Social Sciences. For the possibility of taking this course as a graduate research seminar subject to the special requirement of producing a major research paper, see HIST 690.
Popular Culture and Nationalism	HIST 491	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The popular realm of `everyday culture' is an important factor in explaining how nationalisms are produced and/or reproduced in people?s minds. This course studies how nationalism is fostered through history in popular materials such as cartoons, literary pieces, and films. In that context, it also deals with modernity, overlaps between imperialism and collapse of empires, nation building and history writing in official and unofficial realms. The focus in space and time as well as the key elements of the discussion may vary according to the instructor's choice. Special topics may include the influence of contemporary traumas in search for a mythical past, the differences between official and unofficial representations, the influence of state hegemony on different representations, popular representations of `self' and `other,' demonologies, alternative discourses in both popular narration and vision, how memories of war and trauma influence nation building at the popular realm and how and why it is different from the official one
War and Literature in Turkish History	HIST 492	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Analyses of Turkish narratives or echoes of the Balkan Wars, World War I, the War of Independence, World War II, the Korean War, the war in Vietnam and other wars of the late 20th century. The full gamut of possible reactions to war : pain, horror, disgust; poverty, deprivation; exalted heroism; cowardice, profiteering, betrayal -- and how all this is rarely encountered as a totality in Turkish literature. Casting wars in social time and in monumental time. The question of just and unjust wars, or of "our" wars and wars that are waged "against us", and the erasures that this causes in narrating war experience. Problematizing the persistent lyricisation of warfare: why has Türkiye not had any enduring pacifist of anti-militarist literary tradition ?
Caucasus and its Hinterland: Clans, Ethnicities and Nations in Imperial Borderlands	HIST 493	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The Caucasus and its hinterland, which separate as well as connect the Pontic, the Caspian, and the Persian Gulf basins, have been a strategically important and therefore contested space since antiquity. In modern times, the region was at first fought over by the rival Muslim empires of the Ottomans and the Safavids. The entry of imperial Russia into the arena in the last decades of the eighteenth century ushered in the era of Christian predominance. The next century saw the penetration of the whole Muslim Middle East by western economic interests, accompanied by new conflicts and alignments both on intraregional and international levels. Whereas the evolution of the so-called Eastern Question that implied the settlement of the Ottoman succession parallel to Russian expansion into Transcaucasia encouraged the Christian populations of the region (the Georgians, the Armenians) to aspire to self-rule and even independence, the Muslims felt humiliated and feared a degradation of their traditional ways of life. Their reaction, beginning with the mountaineers' resistance to Russian colonization of the north Caucasus in the last decades of the eighteenth century and reaching its apex under the leadership of Imam Shamil (1834-1859), exacerbated by forced migrations of the Circassians and other Caucasian groups into Anatolia, entailed in the long run ethnic and religious violence in various forms, directed against both the neighbouring groups and the imperial centres. This development culminated in mass deportations and genocidal events during the two world wars of the twentieth century, ethnic conflict, nationalist secessionism and imperialist rivalries breaking out with new vigour in the post-Sovie era. The course will approach this complex history from the vantage point of the concept of "zones of violence", studying and discussing thereby the catastrophic experiences of the period within a multicausal framework
Recent Turkish Political and Social History : Impressions and Inferences from Memoirs	HIST 494	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is intended for all sophomores, juniors and seniors interested in the Ottoman everyday life of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It aims to introduce and discuss Ottoman socio-economic history on the basis of memoirs. After setting out the methodological uses and shortcomings of memoirs as a historical source, participants will have the opportunity to encounter concrete personalities and characters, their lifestyle, personal actions and drama as a part of late Ottoman history. Thus a glimpse will be provided into the recent past in terms of the complex relationship between concrete human action and impersonal historical circumstances. This course covers childhood experiences, school impressions, the social conditions of 19th century Ottoman women, commercial life, literary-artistic activities, journalistic experiences, and the everyday life of bureaucrats. Each of these issues will be treated within the context of Ottoman political and social history.
Nations and Boundaries in the Middle East, the Balkans and the Caucasus	HIST 497	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	For advanced undergraduates as well as graduate students, a case-study based survey of the tortuous emergence of modern nations and nation-states, as well as of more "delayed" and "unfulfilled", therefore frustrated nationalisms, out of a matrix of ethno-confessional diversity, in the context of a decaying and disintegrating empire. The Great Powers, the new nationalisms, and the Porte. Modernization and nation-building. Converting millets into nations. Ambitions and their limits. Rival irredentisms. Claims of language, of history, of symbolic geography. Predictable tragedies : war and revolution; atrocities; forced migrations. The state experience and the human experience. The struggle for sanity and stability in contested space. Constructions of national memory and of forgetfulness. For the possibility of being taken as graduate course, subject to additional readings and work requirements, see HIST 597.
A History of the Cyprus Conflict	HIST 498	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course aims to provide students with a historical overview of the Cyprus question (which entered the UN's agenda as a main issue for the first time in 1954) and various twists and turns it took since the beginning of the ethnic conflict in the island through the prolonged diplomatic processes it entailed till today.
Major Works of Literature	HUM 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores major works of literature in a thematic and chronological framework, and introduces various traditions, movements, and innovations. Each lecture focuses on one or two works that are considered to be paradigmatic of an epoch, but includes comparisons with related works and discussions on the historical, intellectual, and aesthetic background in which they originated. Readings from a variety of authors from the Ancient World through Modernism will be the focus of this class. Discussions focus on the aesthetic and intellectual experience of reading these works as a distinct form of artistic expression. The course aims to provide the necessary knowledge of the literature of different cultures and time periods, to introduce different types of literature such as poetry, prose fiction, and drama , to encourage students to analyze literary works for meaning beyond what is immediately visible, to develop critical thinking skills through reading, discussing and writing, to extend students’ reading experience and awareness on the universal human condition , and to figure out how major works come to express human values within historical and social context.
Major Works of Western Art	HUM 202	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course deals with groundbreaking achievements in art and architecture. It is designed to be more comprehensive than the typical "art appreciation" courses offered elsewhere. Each lecture focuses on one work that is paradigmatic of an epoch, but will include comparisons with related works and a treatment of the historical, intellectual, and aesthetic background of the major work. Through lectures and discussions, students are given the opportunity to consider the intricacies of human creativity and the complex factors that come into play in a work of art. The course aims to assist students in developing criteria for their appraisal of the arts, as well as to stimulate them to reconsider their systems of values and to pursue their interests in the arts and humanities. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Ottoman Culture	HUM 203	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will focus on a selected few masterpieces of Ottoman artistic and literary production, picked on the basis of not only their high aesthetic qualities, but also their representativeness across different genres and historical periods. A problem-oriented approach, therefore, may and shall be woven around them, but by starting with the works themselves, and proceeding from them to explore successive and ever-expanding backgrounds, instead of creating a relatively "complete" or continuous narrative of cultural history from the outset and submerging a much larger number of works within it. As key examples to be subjected to such close "readings," the following have been tentatively opted for : From the triumphant imperial moment of the 16th century, (1) Mimar Sinan's Süleymaniye mosque and complex; (2) İznik wall-tiles at Rüstem Paşa mosque; and (3) Nakkaş Osman's pictorial eulogy of the dynasty Hünernâme; from the early 18th, late 18th, and early 19th centuries, (4) Levnî's Book of Festivals (Surnâme-i Vehbi); (5) Nedim's poetry; (6) Antoine-Ignace Melling's Hadice Sultan waterfront palace at Defterdarburnu; and (7) Itrî's musical output. It is thereby proposed to introduce students both to a whole range of modes of expression (such as monumental religious architecture, decorative programs of line and colour, the arts of the book, the ruling elite's changing "theater of life" and consumption patterns, and the conventions of composition), and to analytical perspectives on two main periods of Ottoman history with their specific power relations, socio-economic problems, ideological re-adjustments, sensitivities and outlooks. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Classical Music	HUM 204	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	An initial inquiry into the post-Renaissance emergence and development of polyphonic music in Europe, including a sampling of works from the Baroque (Bach), Classical (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven), Romantic (Liszt, Chopin, Schumann), or Romantic-Nationalist (Berlioz, Wagner, Verdi) styles or periods. Based on a combination of readings and lectures on the overall historical context surrounding each composer's individual lifetime and output, with intensive listenings and musical analysis of the compositions concerned. Intended to develop a sense of music appreciation covering both the social, political, cultural, religious, and literary backgrounds or connections of great music, as well as its internal conditions and requirements (vis-à-vis notation, instruments, orchestras, performance skills and methods of composition). In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of the Cinema	HUM 205	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Major Works of the Cinema aims to provide the students with a general cinematic appreciation, cinema itself taken as one of the most effective artistic production fields of the 20th century. Given the very wide scope, genres and product of the cinema the course will be structured on a thematic base (history, thrillers, documentaries, politics, literature, interculturality) however will have a chronological base as well. Th films, the most crucial component of the course, will not only be analysed from a technical, cinematographic angle but will be situated and discussed through its interaction with the cultural background. The mythological, semiological and intertextual peculiarities of cinema both as a cultural and technical fact will also be exposed to the students. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Drama	HUM 206	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to teach students to do close readings and comparative analyses of significant works of drama from the classical times to our day. The course is designed to include a critical reading of plays as well as viewing and discussion of different stage versions of the texts. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Western Philosophy	HUM 207	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines some of the major texts in the main areas of philosophy from philosophers of the Western tradition such as Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Locke, Hume, Kant and Nietzsche.
Major Works of 20th Century Literature	HUM 211	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to teach students to do close readings and comparative analyses of a few major works of literature that have influenced their own times and continue to have an impact on our understanding of the world and its cultures. The emphasis is on imagination, feeling and expression in literature, with attention to cultural, social and political issues. Course work involves not only reading but also writing analytically and critically. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Modern Art	HUM 212	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Major Works of Modern Art aims to introduce students to one of the crucial periods of Western art which is the birth, development and "triumph" of Modern Art from the 1860's to the 1960's. The primary purpose of this course however is not to stress the chronological development of modern art but rather to focus on and pursue specific art-related and cultural issues that pertain to those chosen works. Even though the masterpieces are presented chronologically, the lectures themselves are kept fairly independent and presented like a series of visits to an 'imaginary museum'. The chosen works are discussed along with comparative material to explore specific issues that are selected for each work and to illustrate earlier and later thematic developments. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of the Opera	HUM 214	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	An introduction to the history of opera through detailed exposure to a selection of major works representing the development of the genre from the Renaissance to the twentieth century. Presentations and assignments will be organised around whole operas and their historical significance. An initial focus will be on the ways in which diverse forms of opera incorporate themes from myth, religion, literature, and history. Opera will also be examined as spectacle and as a multi-media performance art, and from the perspectives of genre, economics, modes of production, cultural expression, and history through opera. The reception history of opera and its adaptation to other media (such as film) will also form an important theme. Introductory information will be included about the musical conventions of opera and its terminology. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of the Novel	HUM 221	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Major Works of Literature ? The Classical Novel emphasizes, by means of focusing on major texts, aesthetic and intellectual experience of reading novels as a distinct form of artistic expression. Spring 2007 offering will comprise textual analysis and critical discussion in class of works by Madame de La Fayette, Stendhal, Jane Austen, Flaubert, and Theodor Fontane. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have ompleted 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Architecture	HUM 222	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Built environments shape our lives through the very spaces we use. They communicate us certain meanings, which are generally coded in their design. A certain understanding of these codes of architecture is therefore relevant in understanding and evaluating the spaces we live in. This course is designed to introduce major works of architecture to students from all backgrounds. Around the set of selected major works, this course will be an introduction to technical issues such as the basic building materials, structural systems, and proportioning systems, as well as theoretical concerns such as the struggle between form and function, between ornament/skin and structure, and relationship of a structure to its site. Through this introduction, this course mainly aims at acquainting the students with an analytical approach in evaluating the spaces they use, and ultimately the city they live in. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of 20th Century Music	HUM 224	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to provide a basic understanding of the 20th century western music and its conceptual progression throughout the century. The course concentrates on contemporary musical trends in relation with the changing social, political and economic issues of 20th century. The course emphasizes representative works from avant-garde to mainstream. The content of the course is not limited with the art music but also focuses on different aspects of popular traditions. These popular trends will be examined in relation to social and cultural context. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Poetry	HUM 231	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In this course major works of poetry, mostly in the English and Turkish languages, will be explored comparatively in both a thematic and a chronological framework, and with a view to introduce various traditions, movements, innovations, and cultural exchanges. While the works will be analyzed in terms of poetic language and devices for a greater appreciation of the experience of reading, they will also be historically, culturally, and politically contextualized. This course will further probe the affinity of poetry with the other arts through language, sound, image, and narrative, as well as the problem of the translatability of poetry. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Asian Art	HUM 232	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is intended to introduce students to a series of major works of art and architecture from the Middle East, India, and East Asia. Its aim is to offer an idea of the ways human beings have brought their values to life across a wide area of the globe. Each week's lecture will focus on a different work, situating it in its artistic, cultural and historical contexts and suggesting the perspective(s) it offers on universal human concerns such as the relation of man to God and the natural world, ethical values, political power, and the role of art and artists in bringing all these to life. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of Short Fiction	HUM 241	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines some major works of short fiction. While the course is intended to be a close reading of a number of short stories, we will also analyze and discuss the social and cultural commentaries which these literary pieces make. To this end we will pay close attention to the pieces as literary texts and get into sustained interpretations, nuances and subtleties. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works in Literature : Love	HUM 251	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines some major works of literature about love. While we will analyze the literary properties of the works, we will also pay close attention to how these texts expose the social underpinnings of duty, honor and gender roles, and how they comment on the cultural landscapes in which they were written. In addition, we will be assessing how and why they are relevant today. In addition to the existing pre-requisite " to have completed 23 credits" for this course , a new condition will be added as "to complete SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses at least with D grade" as of the Fall semester of 2015-2016 Academic Year. Students who failed from SPS 101 and SPS 102 courses, do not have right to take this course.
Major Works of World Literature	HUM 261	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	World Literature aims to take students on a literary and cultural journey through fiction from four different countries: Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage (2013), a Japanese novel by Haruki Murakami; Disgrace (1999), a South African novel by J.M. Coetzee; Chronicle of a Death Foretold (1981), a Columbian novel by Gabriel Garcia Marquez; Woman at Point Zero, an Egyptian novel (1975) by Nawal El-Saadawi. Through close reading of the four novels and discussions, the course helps students gain an understanding and appreciation of literature in general and of the selected authors’ countries, their histories and cultures in particular. By engaging critically with the novels, students explore, demonstrate and discuss how great writers from other countries reflect their world through their own unique, authorial and artistic modes and how their works can contribute to contemporary global cultural landscape. The course also encourages students to reflect on how studying world literature can help them as both university students and world citizens.
Major Works in Islamic Literature	HUM 271	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Through the close reading a number of fictional and non -fictional texts, this course will look at fundamental features and aspects of literature and literary culture through a number of genres in Pre-Modern Islamic literature, such as literary vs. real space and time, individual vs. communal aspects of literature, orality vs. written culture, fiction vs. history, didacticism and entertainment, narrative credibility, frame story, narrator and levels of fictionality, the “Other”, intertextuality, author-, work -, and audience-focused approaches to interpretation, translation, relationship between form and content, high vs. popular culture. Aside from trying to contextualize these fundamental works in their own place and time, we will consider them as part of world literature, paying attention to their reception in both the West and the East.
Major Works of Classical Music	HUM 304	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	An initial inquiry into the post-Renaissance emergence and development of polyphonic music in Europe, including a sampling of works from the Baroque (Bach), Classical (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven), Romantic (Liszt, Chopin, Schumann), or Romantic-Nationalist (Berlioz, Wagner, Verdi) styles or periods. Based on a combination of readings and lectures on the overall historical context surrounding each composer's individual lifetime and output, with intensive listenings and musical analysis of the compositions concerned. Intended to develop a sense of music appreciation covering both the social, political, cultural, religious, and literary backgrounds or connections of great music, as well as its internal conditions and requirements (vis-à-vis notation, instruments, orchestras, performance skills and methods of composition).
Major Works of Literature: The World Before Modernity	HUM 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to explore one or more works of literature that have influenced their own times and continue to have an impact on our understanding of the world and its cultures. The course is designed to include critical reading and comparative analyses of selected works. The concepts of myth and archetypes in their various appearances are at the center of the discussions of this course. The emphasis is on imagination, feeling and expression in literature, with attention to cultural, social and political issues. Course work involves not only reading but also writing analytically and critically.
Major Works of Modern Art	HUM 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Major Works of Modern Art aims to introduce students to one of the crucial periods of Western art which is the birth, development and "triumph" of Modern Art from the 1860's to the 1960's. The primary purpose of this course however is not to stress the chronological development of modern art but rather to focus on and pursue specific art-related and cultural issues that pertain to those chosen works. Even though the masterpieces are presented chronologically, the lectures themselves are kept fairly independent and presented like a series of visits to an 'imaginary museum'. The chosen works are discussed along with comparative material to explore specific issues that are selected for each work and to illustrate earlier and later thematic developments.
Major Works of Moral Philosophy	HUM 317	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the main moral theories and their applications to various aspects of human life. Moral theories to be discussed include virtue ethics, deontology and consequentialism, which will be investigated through the major works of philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Mill and Nietzsche.
Major Works of Literature: The Modern World	HUM 321	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course introduces students to a few major works of literature that have influenced their own times and continue to have an impact on our understanding of the modern world and its cultures. The works selected for the course have significantly shaped methodologies used by literary scholars to approach, evaluate and understand other works of literature. Although written in different geographies, depicting diverse situations, the following works are all variants of literary genres associated with the modern world. This course aims to afford students an opportunity to learn broader critical reading strategies and ways to approach texts.
Major Works of Art: The World Before Modernity	HUM 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the arts of the pre-modern period from a cross-cultural perspective. One of the main objectives of the course is to thoroughly analyze the shared visual and artistic vocabularies of various works of art and/or art mediums across cultural geographies. Another objective is to help the students develop a critical understanding of the often-used concepts in art history – style, provenance, and appropriation. While the lectures are thematically organized, the selected artworks will be evaluated chronologically against the backdrop of historical and cultural contexts. The course covers art analysis, both stylistic and iconographical, as well as critical reading and writing.
Major Works of 20th Century Music	HUM 324	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to provide a basic understanding of the 20th century western music and its conceptual progression throughout the century. The course concentrates on contemporary musical trends in relation with the changing social, political and economic issues of 20th century. The course emphasizes representative works from avant-garde to mainstream. The content of the course is not limited with the art music but also focuses on different aspects of popular traditions. These popular trends will be examined in relation to social and cultural context.
Major Works of Literature: The Islamic World	HUM 371	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Through the close reading a number of fictional and non -fictional texts, this course will look at fundamental features and aspects of literature and literary culture through a number of genres in Pre-Modern Islamic literature, such as literary vs. real space and time, individual vs. communal aspects of literature, orality vs. written culture, fiction vs. history, didacticism and entertainment, narrative credibility, frame story, narrator and levels of fictionality, the “Other”, intertextuality, author-, work -, and audience-focused approaches to interpretation, translation, relationship between form and content, high vs. popular culture. Aside from trying to contextualize these fundamental works in their own place and time, we will consider them as part of world literature, paying attention to their reception in both the West and the East.
Genres and Styles of Western Music	HUM 413	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course encompasses the ''classical'' and ''popular'' domains of Western Music as a dominant cultural entity of the contemporary global world by categorizing it into ''genres'' and ''styles''. The material will be presented on diachronic lines but each strand will be developed separately in its own historical, social and artistic context along with the interaction between ''high art music'' and ''popular music''. Although some mention of the landmark events that had an impact on a given genre will be made to clarify the context, the main focus of the course is listening appreciation. The learning objective is therefore to familiarize the student with the characteristics and features of a given genre and/or style that is in use today. The students are expected to perceive music from a critical standpoint, evaluate artistic content and sort musical data input into the right channels.
Orientalism in Western Classical Music	HUM 414	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a Humanities course that will follow the trend currently termed Orientalism, from its first appearance in Western art in the 16th century to the early 20th century, focusing on music works and their relation and interaction to the other arts as well as the social sciences. Although it is not a theory-based music course, nevertheless, as a prerequisite, some key terms and general music knowledge are required. Besides lectures, the course will feature discussions on the given subjects, interactive work on visual and auditory materials, and excursions (concerts, museum exhibitions).
Deterministic Models in Operations Research	IE 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Elements of problem solving and algorithmic design; use of numerical analysis and linear algebra to solve manufacturing and service systems engineering problems; linear programming and related topics like simplex techniques; computer software that help implementing the models and solving the problems.
Stochastic Models in Operations Research	IE 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to stochastic processes with examples based on the appropriate manufacturing and service systems; decision making under uncertainty; Markov chains; production/inventory models; queuing systems; forecasting models; reliability engineering problems.
Decision Economics	IE 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Time value of money; discounted cash flow analysis; break-even analysis; evaluation of alternative capital investment proposals considering depreciation, inflation, taxes; make or buy analysis; replacement analysis; bonds, stocks, and options; decision making under certainty and risk; internal (and external) rate of return analysis; after tax cash flow analysis; net present value.
Production and Service Systems Planning and Design	IE 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Product/process modeling and analysis; facility site selection and layout; material and information flow; shop floor control systems; assembly lines; manufacturing lines; shop scheduling; flexible manufacturing systems; group technology.
Simulation	IE 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Simulation Modeling and analysis of manufacturing and service systems; simulation modeling perspectives; discrete event simulation; simulation languages/ software; statistical aspects of simulation.
Human Factors Engineering	IE 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to basic human factors engineering research and design methods; design/evaluation methods for work systems/environments and human-machine interactions; their applications to the design and management of industrial systems and products; industrial safety and health; implementation of method improvement and work measurement techniques for safety, productivity and quality increase and cost reduction in industrial systems.
Work Analysis and Design	IE 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Methods design analysis techniques, evaluation and appraisal; work measurement procedures; equipment design and its effect on human performance; work space design and guidelines for environmental factors such as lighting, noise, temperature, and humidity; individual aptitude, ability and motivation; job safety analysis, standards, and regulations; application of principles of human factors with an emphasis on industrial applications of robotics, CAD/CAM integration, and automation.
Cost Analysis and Control	IE 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to financial and cost accounting; preparation and analysis of financial tableaus through use of spreadsheet activity based costing; target costing; value analysis.
Manufacturing Processes I	IE 309	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of modern manufacturing technology; introduction to manufacturing processes, inspection methods and quality; materials and their manufacturing characteristics; description of various conventional and applications in industry: casting, metal forming, forging, extrusion, rolling, joining and welding, EDM, ECM, laser machining, abrasive flow processes; machining processes: turning, milling, drilling, broaching etc., abrasive machining processes. Lab demonstrations and plant tours.
Operations Research I	IE 311	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Linear and integer programming formulations; convex analysis; algorithmic design and the simplex method; duality and sensitivity; computer implementations.
Operations Research II	IE 312	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Develop a broad perspective on the relationships between various types of optimization problems; acquire modeling and solution skills for various methodologies: integer programming, network flows, dynamic programming, heuristics; apply these skills to problems from domains such as service, production, transportation, and energy systems.
Operations Research III	IE 313	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to stochastic processes with examples based on the appropriate manufacturing and service systems; decision making under uncertainty; Markov chains; production/inventory models; queuing systems.
Internship Project	IE 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All IE FENS students are required to complete an internship project (IE 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in an IE Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Integrated Manufacturing Systems- Special Studies	IE 398	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In this ‘special studies’ course, the below topics will be implemented through coding practices in MATLAB. So that, the students will find the opportunity to specialize in simulation of computer integrated manufacturing systems with application to machining processes. - Cycle time calculation in turning and milling processes - Basics of geometrical tool path computation for prismatic parts - Generation of feed rate profile in CNC machines - Simulation of cutting forces in turning and milling operations
Individual Studies in Operations Research	IE 399	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course involves conducting individual research on the use of coding in operations research problems.
Production and Service Systems Operations	IE 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Mathematical and computer methods for planning and control in production and distribution systems; overview of supply chain management; forecasting; aggregate production planning; inventory replenishment policies; lot sizing; material and capacity requirements planning.
Integrated Manufacturing Systems	IE 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to methods and practices in industrial design, prototyping, and manufacturing; investigation of the product design process; Computer Aided Design systems Aided Manufacturing; Computer Aided Process Planning; Computer Integrated Manufacturing; rapid prototyping; process technology selection; design and control of production flow lines, work cells, and automated quality inspection.
Quality Planning and Control	IE 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to total quality management philosophies and ISO 9000 standards; design and analysis of statistical process control systems; Six Sigma problem solving tools; acceptance sampling techniques; reliability testing; evaluation of the source of variation; design of experiments; failure modes & effects analysis; quality by design and introduction to Taguchi approach.
Digital Transformation	IE 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will explore both the digitalization and transformation dimensions of Digital Transformation. It will introduce key technologies that drive digital transformation, including IoT, Cloud/Edge Computing, Blockchain, AI and GenAI, Smart and Collaborative Robots, A/V/M Reality, the Metaverse, and Additive Manufacturing. The course will cover the history, current state, and future trends of these technologies, along with real-world use cases, best practices in business and society, and their potential to create new business models. On the transformation side, the course will focus on strategies and methods for decision-making in an increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous digital landscape. It will also examine frameworks such as Design Thinking and The Lean Startup, which help entrepreneurs and innovation teams navigate uncertainty as they explore new opportunities.
Decision Analysis	IE 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the theory and practice of decision processes under risk; use of decision trees and influence diagrams in solving decision-making problems; assessing subjective probabilities in modeling uncertainty; Bayes' theorem; value of information; attitudes towards risk; utility theory; multi criteria decision making; analytic hierarchy process; auctions.
Investment Decision Making	IE 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Market research and forecasting; choice of production capacity; cost and revenue estimation; feasibility analysis through use of spreadsheet; methods and means of financing of projects, start-up companies and pre-IPO ventures; case studies.
Reliability and Maintenance Analysis	IE 408	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Component and system reliability; design and assessment of engineering systems and processes for assuring reliability of performance; life distributions; life testing procedures; estimating system reliability; maintenance and replacement models; data collection, storage and analysis for maintenance; computerized maintenance systems; total productive maintenance.
Project Scheduling and Management	IE 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of project management process; project selection; project idea generation, formulation, financing, bidding, budgeting, and cash flow analysis; team formation and building; deterministic and stochastic unconstrained project scheduling; resource constrained project scheduling algorithms; progress and cost control of projects; agile project management; examples of management of projects from various sectors.
Modeling and Analysis of Large Systems	IE 411	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Modeling and analysis of large systems by bringing together a multitude of operations research techniques. Students will be exposed to unstructured problems particular in the areas of telecommunications and energy systems and will operate in teams to understand the problem, to transform it into a model, to bring a solution to the model using appropriate solution techniques, translate the model solution to problem solution.
Financial Engineering	IE 412	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course serves as a comprehensive introduction to derivative securities and their applications in financial engineering. Forward contracts, futures, options, and swaps are the focal point of the course. While the main emphasis is on the use of derivatives as risk-transferring/ minimizing devices, valuations of such contracts are also included. In addition to hedging strategies to be created by any of the derivative securities, various trading strategies involving options (spreads and combinations) are presented. A solid coverage of no-arbitrage-based pricing is provided as the common underlying premise to valuing derivative securities. Cost-of-carry valuation of forwards and futures, binomial pricing of options, dynamic delta-hedging, the Black-Scholes option pricing formula, basic numerical pricing are introduced.
Information Systems	IE 413	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to information systems implemented and utilized in today’s enterprises both as an operational and a ecision support systems; hardware and software used in information systems; database management systems and data modeling techniques; query languages, data warehousing concepts and architectures; business intelligence, data mining techniques, use of data warehousing and business intelligence in data-driven decision making; current trends in information technology such as cloud computing and big data.
Manufacturing and Digitalization Strategies	IE 414	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Manufacturing and digitalization strategies methods and means for the formulation of manufacturing and digitalization strategies for securing long-term competitiveness of the company; the alignment of manufacturing and digitalization strategies with the business and technology strategies of the company; enabling technologies for digitalization; use of balanced scorecard in strategy building; case studies.
Decision Support Systems	IE 415	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A Decision Support System is the marriage of Information Technology and Operations Research. A typical DSS includes a database, a model base, a knowledge base and a graphical user interface (GUI). The course includes a brief introduction of database management systems (relational databases, SQL), optimization techniques, spreadsheet based optimization, and review of relevant AI techniques that would be crucial to develop the model base; knowledge acquisition and knowledge representation, probabilistic and approximate reasoning as the basis of the knowledge base and GUI development. The course will also include the discussion of DSSs for a number of application domains, chosen to illustrate principles of system development, such as the health care applications, portfolio optimization, production and distribution systems, and information systems for top management. The learning outcome of the course is to learn how to couple the IT tools with the optimization tools in real world problems, particularly in manufacturing and service systems.
Additive Manufacturing	IE 416	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	-Various additive manufacturing processes and their principles,<br/> -Computer-aided design and path planning for additive manufacturing processes,<br/> -Materials used in additive manufacturing processes and their properties,<br/> -Determining and optimizing process parameters and conditions,<br/> -Process-related limitations and constraints and applications of Additive Manufacturing,<br/> -Several related hands-on projects related to additive manufacturing.<br/>
Facilities and Material Handling Design	IE 417	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Concepts and techniques for analyzing, designing, and selecting facilities and material handling systems; analytical methods and computer-based approaches to determine optimal facility locations; facility systems design; layout planning; material handling systems design; warehouse storage policies; global issues.
Manufacturing Processes II	IE 418	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of machine tools, CNC, cutting tools, and CAD/CAM; analytical methods in manufacturing processes; analysis of force, power, stress, temperature , vibrations etc. in manufacturing processes; recent and future trends in manufacturing processes: high speed machining, sensor-assisted and unattended manufacturing; case studies from tool and die, automotive and aerospace industries.Lab: NC programming demonstration; force, vibration etc. measurements on machine tools.
Total Quality Management	IE 419	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the philosophy and concepts of total quality management; implementation of total quality management in relation to change management; managing implementation of total quality management as a project; self-assessment methods; investigation of various quality award schemes; the product development cycle, root cause analysis, peer reviews, monitoring and tracking, the review process, establishment of quality assurance entities; introduction to the Capability Maturity Model; case studies.
Storage and Distribution Systems	IE 420	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Planning, design, and analysis of storage and distribution systems; conventional versus automated methods; assessing and optimizing system performance; heuristic dispatching algorithms; packaging and bundling; vehicle routing algorithms; fleet design; global issues in storage and distribution; web based approaches.
Computational Operations Research	IE 425	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course is based on case-study teaching where computerized implementations of the various topics in Operations Research and Systems Engineering are studied. A case study is investigated for a period of two-to-three weeks and the students will be working in groups of 3-4 members. Each case study contains two or three different topics that require different skills and background. The following topics are covered in case studies: data analysis, descriptive statistics and statistical inference; probability distributions and stochastic processes; forecasting, production planning and scheduling; problems in network design and transportation logistics, warehouse management; demand and revenue management; simulation; decision analysis. Each case study is designed to integrate these different topics with a systematic approach.
Logistics Systems Planning and Design	IE 430	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Planning and analysis of logistics systems; data collection methods; facility location/allocation; comparative analysis of different transportation modes and intermodal transportation; fleet planning and vehicle allocation; vehicle routing; other issues such as third party logistics; reverse logistics; vendor managed inventory; collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment; e-business and its impact on logistics.
Stochastic Models in Finance	IE 432	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to introduce basic stochastic models and techniques used in mathematical finance. The first half of the course is dedicated to discrete-time models, the other half to their continuous-time counterparts. The topics covered include pricing and hedging in binomial models and Black-Sholes models, fundamental theorems of asset pricing, martingales, Brownian motion, stochastic integration, Itô rule. Depending on the progress in class, we also briefly discuss SDE?s as they appear in continuous-time models.
Monte Carlo Methods in Finance	IE 436	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course aims to introduce the Monte Carlo methods and techniques used in mathematical finance. In this field, many problems involve computing expectations. Pricing various derivatives, computing default/ruin probabilities, finding optimal/well-performing portfolios are some well-known examples of such problems. In the course, after discussing the basics of probability and simulation, we learn how Monte Carlo methods apply to these problems.
Data Analytics and Optimization	IE 451	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to data analytics and information visualization; methods and metrics for validation; bias-variance trade- off; data visualization and understanding; data preprocessing; supervised learning (classification and regression); unsupervised learning; association rule mining; feature subset selection; metaheuristics; PCA; ANN and Multilayer Perceptron.
Supply Chain Analysis	IE 454	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Case studies featuring mathematical modeling and managerial discussion of supply chains. Application of production and operations management tools in analyzing real-world supply chain problems. Product development, capacity, distribution, inventory deployment, risk management, quality, service, coordination (information sharing and contracting), and information technology in supply chain management.
Supply Chain Practice	IE 471	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims to relate students’ existing theoretical knowledge on supply (and demand) chain management with realities of business practice. To this end, the course is conducted in collaboration with a partner company. Topics include sales & operations planning, demand forecasting, inventory management, procurement, manufacturing, warehousing, distribution, sales channel management and retailing. For each topic, • Students are assigned preliminary questions that may require reading assigned resources and/or web research. • The instructor leads a discussion on related theoretical /analytical background. • Managers present related processes in their company and engage in discussions with students. • The goal is to use company examples to emphasize the processes, decision problems and analytical approaches relevant for all supply chains.
Strategic Decision Making Practice	IE 472	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Basic components of decision making; decision making heuristic and biases; disciplined intuition; critical thinking and creative idea generation; design thinking in decision making under uncertainty; competitive and cooperative group decision making; business transformation management, innovation and technology management, leading change and its dynamics. The course will be delivered as a joint effort between the instructors from an industrial partner and instructor(s) from Sabanci University. The course will cover various strategic decision making problems considering the real life industry setting with the support of the industrial partner.
Special Topics in Industrial Engineering	IE 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in IE:System Dynamics	IE 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in IE:Managing New Product Development	IE 48001	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in IE:Advanced statistics with R	IE 48002	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course aims to discuss importance topics in statistics in a mathematically rigorous way. The topics that will be discussed include sampling distributions and asymptotics, point and interval estimations, hypothesis testing, ANOVA and regression analysis. Implementations will be illustrated with R.
Special Topics in IE:Multi-axis Machining	IE 48003	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Advanced CAD/CAM applications, which are used in metal cutting industry, will be covered with the theoretical and practical aspects. The topics covered during the lectures will be applied through homeworks and a course project. Techniques for analytical surfaces representation and modeling, surface creation techniques in CAD environment, theoretical aspects of toolpath computation for 3 and 5 axis milling, 3 and 5 axis milling toolpath computation operations offered by commercial CAM packages, theoretical and practical aspects of post processing issues for 3 and 5 axis milling will be covered. Process modeling for simulation and verification of 3 and 5 axis milling processes will be covered. Project groups will select sample geometries requiring 3 and 5 axis milling. Then, they will prepare operations for machining of these sample parts using commercially available Siemens NX and CATIA packages to manufacture the selected parts on the 5-axis machine tool available in Manufacturing Research Laboratory or on the 6-axis machining robots available at SU-IMC.
Special Topics in IE:Computer-Aided Biomodeling and Fabrication	IE 48004	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will introduce advanced design and fabrication methodologies in development of customized medical devices and tools, implants, and engineered tissues, organs and biological systems. The topics covered include computer-aided design and representation of biological objects, computational geometry for medical imaging and processing, reverse engineering, computer-aided analysis and engineering, biomaterials, tissue engineering, additive manufacturing for biomedical engineering applications, bio-manufacturing and manufacturing processes for medical devices/tools. The course also includes several related hands-on laboratory projects.
Special Topics in IE: Digital Manufacturing	IE 48005	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed for students who are interested in digitalization in manufacturing environment. It provides a background starting from the digitalization at shop floor level to the analysis of the gathered data to support decision making process. In the first lectures, the methods and hardware for data collection are covered. Labview is used for practical demonstrations and applications. The necessary calculations for conversion of the analog signal to digital signal are taught. After these basics, the evolution of the manufacturing science is reviewed and the link with the digitization is defined. As a next step, several digitalization methods are covered under the Digital Twin topic. Finally, digital transformation is reviewed from a more general perspective. The topics covered during the course will be applied through a term project. The students will make two presentations; one for reporting their progress and one for their final report they will submit.
Special Topics in Industrial Engineering II	IE 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Industrial Engineering III	IE 482	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Industrial Engineering IV<i/>	IE 483	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Computational Approaches to Problem Solving	IF 100	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course is an introduction to the key concepts in computational thinking such as algorithmic thinking, abstraction and decomposition. The students will also gain basic programming skills in order to apply computational thinking concepts in practice. Through the lectures, homeworks, and interactive recitations specific to different disciplines, the students will learn how to design algorithms, how to divide a problem into subproblems, and how to build a solution by means of compositions. Evaluation of the solutions in terms of correctness and efficiency will also be covered. In order to enable students apply computational thinking skills in practice, basic programming concepts, such as variables, statements, conditionals, iteration, and functions will be introduced by using a simple programming language such as Python.
Fantasy, Reality, Science and Society	IF 200	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims at making certain that our students can maximally benefit from the rich and diverse accumulation of knowledge at Sabancı University. It is an interfaculty course, supported by our Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, and Faculty of Management. The contents are modular, such as: 1. Water: Its Physics, Nanophysics, Chemistry, and Geopolitics; 2. Barriers in Istanbul Facing Specially Challenged Persons; 3. Quantum Computing and Time Travel; 4. Jules Verne, Literature, Fantasy, Reality; 5. Economy, Finance, and Your Future Well-Being; 6. Gender and Cultural Rights, Richness in Diversity; 7. Phase Changes, Scale Invariance, Universality, Brain and Memories.
Gender in Science and Technology	IF 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Why are there relatively few women scientists in some disciplines? Does gender influence the production of scientific knowledge and its content? What kind of an impact did the entering of women into science and engineering have? What is “gendered science”? This course aims to investigate these and related questions. It starts by introducing the concept of gender and how science, technology, engineering, mathematics (STEM) and this concept are related to each other in general. It then examines the historical exclusion of women from these fields, their experiences and struggles against it as well as the scientific, technological and socio-economic costs of this exclusion. Finally, it explores the policies and “best practices” that eliminate gender biases in STEM fields, their affects in the further development of STEM fields and the new areas of research that arose as a result of these efforts.
Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship	IF 333	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In this course, wide range approaches, techniques and tools that have been developed for the effective management of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship will be reviewed and discussed in a common framework. Students will develop an entrepreneurial project and have the opportunity to apply these different approaches, techniques and tools in a practical case. The students will learn how human creative processes are organized and what their underlying brain mechanisms are. Some of the topics that will be included in this course are individual differences in creativity, team creativity, visual imagery and creativity, expertise and creativity, development of creativity, creative problem solving (cognitive mechanisms & creative strategies), intelligence and emotional intelligence, brain basis of creativity. This course will also focus on qualitative and quantitative approaches, techniques and tools (e.g.: data visualization, data analyses, focus groups , structured/semi structured interviews, delphi method, brainstorming, mind mapping, kano analysis, fishbone analysis etc.) that provide students with abilities and skills to further scrutinize, test and make decisions about the problems and creative solutions that are developed during the course and for their projects. During the course, various steps of the process of realization of the new ideas and products such as: value creation, identification of target customers/ users, business models, teaming, leadership, finding and acquiring resources, and pitching ideas to resource holders, DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve and control) the key performance indicators will also be delivered.
Energy: Supply Chain, Economics and Geopolitics	IF 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Demand, global supply, advantages, disadvantages, related costs and environmental impact of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal), renewable resources (wind, solar, hydro, biomass and geothermal) and nuclear energy. Current status, as well as historical use and projections of each resource. Fundamentals of electricity and hydrogen supply chains. Global impact of policies adopted by leading resource producing and consuming countries. Energy security and geopolitics. Case studies on the geopolitical and economic impacts of current political and technological developments.
Sustainability and Circularity in Materials	IF 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims to provide a multidisciplinary approach, including engineering, management, and sustainability sciences, for the development of recycling and upcycling technologies towards a ustainable future. A circular approach is needed as a significant contribution to a more sustainable, low-carbon, resource-efficient, and competitive circularity by closing the loop on product lifecycles through greater recycling and the use of recycled materials. The course will cover detailed discussions on how waste thermosets thermoplastics instead of landfilling are converted into value-added products by recycling processes, and how unrecyclable materials like carbon fiber-based composite can be recycled and how direct and captured CO2 from air and oceans can be converted into chemicals and raw materials. Additionally, cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment approaches will be explained to measure the environmental impact of circular products, such as the release of CO2 emissions. This course will discuss the implications of increased resource efficiency and circularity for sustainable development, addressing in more detail design, manufacturing, use,reuse, repair, remanufacturing, recycling,and sustainable waste management It will also examine the contribution of recycling to the sustainability of industrial processes and sustainable development, considering the increasing demand for green products and environmental regulations in various sectors.
Decision, Psychology and Brain	IF 467	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Many scientific fields such as neuroscience, psychology, operations research, management science have modeled, analyzed, and tried to understand how people make decisions, with various tools, techniques and approaches within their own conventional theoretical frameworks. Recent advances in technology have accelerated brain research, and have given the opportunity to experiment and question the theoretical frameworks related to decision making developed in various disciplines. In this regard, decision making has become of particular interest to scientific fields such as cognitive and behavioral neuroscience, cognitive psychology, computational sociology and neuroeconomics. In this course, the students will learn how to model realistically and consistently the basic elements of decision making, i.e., the value system and objectives , alternatives, uncertainties, and preferences, based on the mathematical frameworks provided by various fields such as economics, operations research, computer sciences, as well as cognitive, physiological, and behavioral neuroscience. In the course, some mathematical tools, techniques and approaches (e.g., decision trees, game theory, mathematical programming, modeling uncertainty and Bayes theorem, Bayesian learning, modeling of preferences and vNM utility theory, entropy, decision tree learning and artificial neural networks) which will provide an analytical framework for decision making an learning will be covered. Aside to these techniques findings from the recently growing fields such as neuroeconomics, behavioral economics and behavioral neuroscience (e.g., prospect theory, conditioning, reinforcement, reward and punishment, expectation of judgment and decision- making, experience and deferral) will also be discussed within the same framework. In the course neural processes and mechanisms of social and individual decision making, behavior and choice (e.g., reward perception, learning types, attention, memory, belief systems, interaction with motor processes, trust, cooperation, alturism, social behavior) will be addressed and supported by neuroethological comparisons.
International Relations Theory	IR 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Surveys basic concepts and processes in international relations. The course presents competing theoretical perspectives; realism, liberalism, and radical approaches with a special emphasis on post-cold war debates. Partial theories such as foreign policy analysis, conflict analysis and resolution, and security studies are also examined.
Great Power Politics	IR 291	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Processes of concentration of power that have shaped the Great Powers of the two superpowers of the 20th century. The collapse of the USSR and the new shape of great power politics. Economic, political and military factors in the making of great power status. The major agendas, assumptions and problems of the foreign policies of the United States, Russia and the EU Changing dynamics and interactions; international and external influences on policy; foreign policy decision- making; the economic, military or diplomatic dimensions of policy. Prospects for new great powers into the 21st century.
Turkish Foreign Policy	IR 292	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A systematic study of contemporary Turkish foreign policy making in a global context. Topics include, major issues, actors, decision making mechanisms, enduring patterns and changing orientations in Turkish Foreign Policy. Issues comprise: Greece and Cyprus; Russia and Bulgaria; Syria, Iraq and Israel; Armenia and Azerbaijan; the European Union; the UN and NATO.
Globalization and International Relations	IR 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course deals with the changing nature of international relations within the context of the process(es) of globalization. It examines a number of topics that have become crucial especially after the end of the Cold War. In doing so, it also aims at advancing our theoretical and empirical understanding of international relations by discussing (a) the economic and political dimensions of globalization, (b) the relationship between global changes and state power, (c) the crucial problems of international relations, such as poverty, security, global governce and terrorism, and also (d) the important case studies such as the American hegemony, European Integration, global economic crisis.
Diplomacy	IR 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course is addressed in particular to those students who are interested in a career in international diplomacy at the executive level. It aims first at initiating the students with the theoretical concepts related to diplomacy together with providing them with a concise knowledge on the historical development of diplomacy. The second part of the course will concentrate on the diplomatic machinery and processes as well as on practical applications of diplomacy such as negotiation techniques. Finally, the students will also be furnished with practical information on how to prepare for the entrance examinations to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs or how to apply to International Organisations for a position. This is a non-credit course.
Current Issues in Diplomacy	IR 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is concerned with the role of diplomacy in the quest of finding solutions to the present problems facing international relations. It will first deal with the main points of the world order established after the Second World War and the events which have shaped it between 1945 and 1990s with special emphasis on diplomacy's contribution to these developments. The course will then proceed to an analytical overview of the universal problems figuring high on the agenda of today's diplomacy such as wars, terrorism, poverty, environmental degradation, protection of human rights. In this context, multi-disciplinary horizontal issues directly interesting Türkiye such as energy diplomacy,water diplomacy will be given special attention.
Global Civics	IR 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	We live in an increasingly interdependent world. Financial engineering in the US can determine employment and growth in Bursa and other parts of the world; CO2 emissions from China affect crop yields in Konya, and beyond; an epidemic in Vietnam or a nuclear leak in Japan determine the state of global public health. What is less clear is what sort of responsibilities we have towards each other. Without at least a draft of a global social contract, it would be impossible for us to navigate our global interdependence. This course reviews the current state of the world, analyzes the centripetal forces which push us together, and discusses what responsibilities we all have towards others. Various arguments for normative and technocratic frameworks will also be reviewed.
Global Governance	IR 341	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is about the ideas, institutions, and practices through which global politics is organized. The course has three objectives: 1) to provide an overview of the structure and dynamics of global governance in the late 20th century; 2) to raise issues related to power and justice in the contemporary global order; 3) to analyze the effects of globalization on the nature of order. We will study the relationships between states,international organizations, and non-governmental organizations on issues of international trade, collective security, peace keeping, human rights, development, environment. Questions that we will address through class readings and discussions will include: what does globalization mean for global governance; is it possible (or even desirable) to have a universal human rights regime; can a trade regime like the WTO actually lead a more just global order?
Turkish Foreign Policy	IR 342	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A systematic study of contemporary Turkish foreign policy making in a global context. Topics include, major issues, actors, decision making mechanisms, enduring patterns and changing orientations in Turkish Foreign Policy. Issues comprise: Greece and Cyprus; Russia and Bulgaria; Syria, Iraq and Israel; Armenia and Azerbaijan; the European Union; the UN and NATO.
Human Rights in World Affairs	IR 389	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to the foundations of human rights theory and practice. The course analyzes what constitutes as human rights (political, economic, social, and cultural rights) and examines contemporary issues around the globe. The course will also offer a critical analysis of international human rights norms and its enforcement by focusing on major international institutions and the documents that govern the human rights regime as well as the role of states, individuals, NGOs and the media.
International Political Economy	IR 391	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the interaction between politics and economics on an international scale. International political economy (IPE) is a field situated at the intersection of markets and politics. Through analyzing the nature of economic and political linkages at the global level, this course focuses on varying roles of states; multilateral and domestic institutions; and, non-state actors in shaping prevalent processes in the IPE. The main goal of this course is to expose students to theoretical debates and substantive empirical issues in the contemporary IPE scholarship. In order to meet this goal, we will discuss major theoretical approaches in the IPE field and analyze substantive empirical issues in light of these approaches. The empirical issues we will study include: international monetary relations; international trade and capital flows; and, contemporary phenomena like globalization and regionalization. Overall, this course seeks to help students develop theoretical knowledge and analytical skills in the field of IPE.
Foreign Policy Analysis	IR 392	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course concentrates on the making and the implementation of foreign policy in theory and practice: foreign and security policy-making; case studies.
International Negotiation	IR 393	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In a chaotic international environment, negotiation is often what all stands between war and peace. In the peace time interactions negotiation is an essential mechanism to achieve constructive solutions, and mutually satisfactory agreements. International actors- states, non governmental actors, firms, and their representatives- often negotiate to settle their differences, to build new systems of interactions, and to renew trust. This course is designed to provide the students with the essentials of the art and science of negotiation. The first part of the course will introduce basic components, concepts and contexts of international negotiation. In this section, the nature of negotiation, prenegotiation, preparing for negotiation, power, strategies, and tactics, gender and the impact of culture, multilateral negotiation will constitute some of the issues to be discussed. Part two is concerned with hands-on negotiation games and simulations. The course will be conducted through lectures, participatory discussions, simulation exercises, and seminars by experienced diplomats.
World Politics	IR 394	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course identifies the external processes that affect states in a multi-disciplinary approach. The students will exposed to the recent developments in international politics through a theoretical lens acquired in IR theory courses. One aspect of the course is to furnish students with the capacity to link internal/domestic developments to external events. The issues where they will be able to develop the linkage will be foreign policy making and the impact of domestic politics on foreign policy making. In that aspect, the course is mostly geared towards the liberal institutionalist school of IR. The course will focus on the impact of the international crisis on domestic structures, the concept of change and turbulence in international politics, the role of culture and identity in world politics.
International Conflict and Peace	IR 400	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an overview of the related fields of peace studies and conflict resolution by exploring different definitions, perspectives, actors, and tools available to practitioners and scholars. It is a survey of the theoretical and empirical literature on the causes and conditions of international conflict and peace. It examines the history and development of contending approaches to conflict and peace, their basic assumptions and methodologies, and their application to current conflict situations, with particular emphasis upon the following: peace through coercive power; peace through nonviolence; peace through world order; and peace through personal and community transformation.
Türkiye and the Middle East	IR 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Türkiye's relations with and policies towards the middle east have normally been treated as subsidiary to and less important than its relations with the main European states and the USA. However, over the last two decades they have clearly achieved vastly increased importance and autonomy: in fact, it seems safe to say that Türkiye's relations with its middle eastern neighbours now constitute one of the most problematic - and potentially the most dangerous - of the diverse theatres in which Turkish foreign policy is actively engaged. This course examines Turkish policy towards the region in the context of Türkiye's wider foreign policy interests and objectives, through successive historical periods, since the 1920s. It is divided into three sections: (i) the historical evolution of Turkish policy towards the region as a whole, from 1918 to the 1990s: (ii) Turkish policy towards four middle eastern actors of particular importance to Türkiye: (iii) for the most recent period, Turkish policy before and after the Gulf war of 2003
Türkiye in Europe	IR 402	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to analyze Türkiye's place in Europe from an international politics perspective. Türkiye has a unique place in Europe which is shaped by its history and geography. The course will focus on the political dimensions of Türkiye's place in Europe from 1945 onwards with special emphasis on the EU. This course aims to provide students with a systematic study of Türkiye's position in Europe in the Cold War and the post-Cold War era. To do so, the course analyzes the basic parameters of Türkiye and the European Union relations by covering the Ankara treaty, Association Agreement, Customs Union and the phases of Türkiye's association with the EU. The course elaborates in detail on Türkiye's EU candidacy and the accession negotiations and investigates the main obstacles to Türkiye's accession and the internal dynamics within the EU towards Türkiye's accession in detail.
Political Violence in the Post-Cold War Era	IR 403	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a course on political violence in contemporary era, as such it mainly deals with global issues like terrorism, civil war, ethnic conflict, and weapons of mass destruction. The objective of the course is first to define these problems, then to explore the causes, and the proposed solutions to them. While doing so, the course touches upon concepts like religion, nationalism, and ethnicity, and examines how these concepts can turn into major driving forces of conflict by studying some of the recent conflicts in different parts of the world. The discussion on possible solutions includes domestic policy alternatives as well as international intervention and the role of international organizations.
Energy Politics	IR 404	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Energy affects all aspects of individual and collective life. Economic growth requires increasing supplies of energy, making security of supply important for both developing and mature markets. On the other hand, energy producing countries are more concerned about the security of future demand for their exports. After beginning with an introduction to the geopolitics of energy, the course focuses on political, economic, strategic implications of current trends in energy markets. It will also take into account the relationship between energy and environment and alternative sources of energy in the context of the EU energy policy and the Turkish market.
European Foreign Policy	IR 405	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to familiarize the students with the basic concepts of the European Union's foreign policy. It provides a theoretical and analytical basis for students to asses the EU's performance as an international actor. The course addresses the main European Foreign Policy actors, tools, institutions, objectives and issues. Topics to be discussed include the EU's response to contemporary challenges in world politics.
Türkiye and the South Caucasus	IR 406	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims at contributing to the ability of students to understand dynamics of Turkish foreign policy towards the South Caucasus in the post-Cold War era. To achieve its aim, the course presents an overview of Türkiye’s relations with the countries of the South Caucasus namely Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. The region has a strategic importance for Türkiye and the course will analyze Türkiye’s relations with these states from the angle of protracted conflicts and energy politics. The course will also cover the social, political and economic developments that have occurred in the South Caucasus republics after the collapse of the Soviet Union as well as how the interests of the great powers such as Russia, the EU and the U.S. influence the dynamics of the region.
Domestic Sources of International Politics	IR 407	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What makes military threats effective? How do states choose partners when forming alliances and trade pacts? Why do some states gain more in international negotiations? These are some of the many questions that IR scholars have answered using domestic-level theories. This course introduces students to the most prominent theoretical mechanisms developed in this research program and the empirical evidence used to evaluate them. The topics to be covered are in both international security and cooperation. The goal is that at the end of the course students will have a framework of the main domestic actors and their influence on foreign policy.
International Security	IR 410	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course surveys traditional and non-traditional understandings of security by exploring a wide range of theoretical perspectives and thematic issues. The fact that international security is generally about the threat and use of force, raises questions such as: What causes war? Do regime types matter for peace? Is nuclear proliferation necessarily a threat to international stability? Would the acquisition of nuclear weapons by Türkiye bring more security to itself and the region? What is terrorism and how much of a threat does it constitute for states? Through these questions, this course equips students with multiple approaches along with a historically nuanced understanding of the challenges of our times.
Great Powers and Origins of International Order	IR 411	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the foreign policies of great powers their consequences for international order. It analyzes how great powers have used military and diplomatic tools in the international arena and how these tools have affected international rules, institutions, and norms. The course focuses on the strategies of the USA, Britain, and Germany since the 19th century and traces the development of international orders -from the failed attempts of Concert of Europe and the League of Nations to the Cold War order. It considers the foreign policies of current and rising powers, such as the EU, China, and the USA, and if in the post-9/11 era the policies of these states will produce a different order.
Human Rights in World Affairs	IR 489	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to the foundations of human rights theory and practice. The course analyzes what constitutes as human rights (political, economic, social, and cultural rights) and examines contemporary issues around the globe. The course will also offer a critical analysis of international human rights norms and its enforcement by focusing on major international institutions and the documents that govern the human rights regime as well as the role of states, individuals, NGOs and the media.
International Negotiation	IR 493	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In a chaotic international environment, negotiation is often what all stands between war and peace. In the peace time interactions negotiation is an essential mechanism to achieve constructive solutions, and mutually satisfactory agreements. International actors- states, non governmental actors, firms, and their representatives- often negotiate to settle their differences, to build new systems of interactions, and to renew trust. This course is designed to provide the students with the essentials of the art and science of negotiation. The first part of the course will introduce basic components, concepts and contexts of international negotiation. In this section, the nature of negotiation, prenegotiation, preparing for negotiation, power, strategies, and tactics, gender and the impact of culture, multilateral negotiation will constitute some of the issues to be discussed. Part two is concerned with hands-on negotiation games and simulations. The course will be conducted through lectures, participatory discussions, simulation exercises, and seminars by experienced diplomats.
Project and Internship	IS 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Basic Italian I	ITA 101	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students acquire general communicative competence based on comprehension of written and spoken texts. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication in the Italian language. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology.
Basic Italian II	ITA 102	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of ITA101. It will therefore help students to perfect their basic vocabulary and knowledge of language elements and to complement these with some slightly more complex structures aimed at raising communication and comprehension skills in standard everyday situations. During the course students will acquire the abilities to narrate past events and biographical episodes, holidays, journeys etc, using the "passato prossimo" past tense. Students are expected to make a simple oral presentation on a given topic during the course.
Basic Italian I	ITA 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Italian II	ITA 120	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level Italian I course. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate Italian I	ITA 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of ITA 120. The students at this point will be able to exchange information, ask for and give advice, ask for and give help, express desires and preferences, speak about projects and programs in their future on a more complex and sophisticated level. This is will be achieved through language support based on vocabulary, class practice, complex interactive and everyday situations with a constant awareness of the learning processes involved. The students are expected to give an oral presentation on an approved topic of their choice. Special attention will be given to several aspects of Italian culture, according to students' interests and desires.
Intermediate Italian II	ITA 140	School of Languages	This course involves a quick review and consolidation of topics, abilities and structures covered in the previous lower-intermediate courses of ITA 120 and ITA 130. The students will continue to improve their skills of interpretation and comprehension of more complex written and spoken texts, including authentic materials such as newspaper and magazine articles, songs, TV programs, films and simple literary texts, as well as their communication skills in standard everyday and unexpected situations, at an intermediate level and unexpected situations, at an intermediate level. The students are expected to give an oral and written presentation on an approved topic of their choice. Special attention will be given to several aspects of Italian culture, according to students' needs and interests.
Pre-intermediate Italian I	ITA 201	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level Italian courses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Pre-intermediate Italian II	ITA 202	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of ITA201. The students at this point will be able to exchange information, ask for and give advice, ask for and give help, express desires and preferences, speak about projects and programs in their future on a more complex and sophisticated level. This is will be achieved through language support based on vocabulary, class practice, complex interactive and everyday situations with a constant awareness of the learning processes involved. The students are expected to give an oral presentation on an approved topic of their choice. Special attention will be given to several aspects of Italian culture, according to students' interests and desires.
Intermediate Italian	ITA 301	School of Languages	This course involves a quick review and consolidation of topics, abilities and structures covered in the previous lower-intermediate courses of ITA201 and ITA202. The students will continue to improve their skills of interpretation and comprehension of more complex written and spoken texts, including authentic materials such as newspaper and magazine articles, songs, TV programs, films and simple literary texts, as well as their communication skills in standard everyday and unexpected situations, at an intermediate level. and unexpected situations, at an intermediate level. The students are expected to give an oral and written presentation on an approved topic of their choice. Special attention will be given to several aspects of Italian culture, according to students' needs and interests.
Upper-intermediate Italian	ITA 302	School of Languages	The course will focus on improving students' abilities in comprehending complex written and spoken text, including authentic material such as newspaper and magazine articles, songs, films and brief literary texts, and to produce creative written text as well as participate freely and easily in conversations. The students will be able to learn and use complex language structures and express themselves on a range of opinions, and emotions such as fears and hopes. The students are expected to make an oral and written presentation on an approved topic of their choice. Special attention will be given to several cultural aspects of Italy, according to students' needs and interests.
Upper-intermediate Italian	ITA 401	School of Languages	Upper-intermediate Italian The course will focus on improving and fixing students' abilities in comprehending complex written and spoken text, including authentic material such as newspaper and magazine articles, popular songs, cinematographic material as well as brief literary texts, and to produce creative written text as well as participate freely and easily in conversations. The students will be able to learn and use complex language structures and express themselves on a range of opinions, and emotions such as fears and hopes. The students are expected to make oral and written presentations on an approved topic of their choice. Special attention will be given to several cultural aspects of Italy, according to students' needs and interests and to the production of a written research on an approved topic in relation to the course projects.
Advanced Italian II	ITA 402	School of Languages	The course will focus on improving students' advanced abilities in comprehending complex written and spoken text, using authentic material such as newspaper and magazine articles, popular songs, cinematographic material as well as literary texts, and poetry. Students will have the opportunity to produce creative written text as well as participate freely and easily in conversations. The students will learn complex language structures and use them to express a range of opinions and emotions. Special attention will be given to several cultural aspects of Italy, according to students' needs and interests. The students are expected to make oral and written presentations on an approved topic of their choice. and to the production of a written research paper on an approved topic in relation to the course projects.
Basic Japanese I	JAP 101	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students acquire general communicative competence based on c on comprehension of written and spoken texts. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication in the Japanese language. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology.
Basic Japanese II	JAP 102	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of JAP 101 and aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raises their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate. At the end of the course, each student is expected to present a topic of his/her interest. In addition to the 45-syllable Hiragana alphabet studied in JAP101, students will learn to read and write the 45-syllable Katakana Alphabet used for foreign words. They will also be introduced to the Kanji picture alphabet of 2000 characters.
Basic Japanese I	JAP 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Japanese II	JAP 120	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level Japanese I course. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate Japanese I	JAP 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of JAP 120 and continues to focus on basic syntax and other structures in the Japanese language. At this level, students learn to use some more complex structures to describe daily events and express simple opinions. Additionally, the speaking skill is emphasized further throughout the term. Students will continue to learn the Kanji alphabet and develop their skills at using and reading the three alphabets together.
Intermediate Japanese II	JAP 140	School of Languages	This course is designed for the students who have completed JAP 130. Students will develop their knowledge of grammar and sentence patterns and develop their listening comprehension and conversation skills. Building on work from the previous semester, students will continue to develop further their knowledge of Kanji.
Advanced Japanese I	JAP 150	School of Languages
Pre-intermediate Japanese I	JAP 201	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level Japanese ourses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Pre-intermediate Japanese II	JAP 202	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of JAP 201 and continues to focus on basic syntax and other structures in the Japanese language. At this level, students learn to use some more complex structures to describe daily events and express simple opinions. Additionally, the speaking skill is emphasized further throughout the term. Students will continue to learn the Kanji alphabet and develop their skills at using and reading the three alphabets together.
Intermediate Japanese	JAP 301	School of Languages	This course is designed for the students who have completed Japanese 202. Students will develop their knowledge of grammar and sentence patterns and develop their listening comprehension and conversation skills. Building on work from the previous semester, students will continue to develop further their knowledge of Kanji.
Upper-intermediate Japanese	JAP 302	School of Languages	This course is designed for students who have completed Japanese 301. During this course, following the previous grammar knowledge, the imperative and prohibitive expressions will be learned. Reading and writing skills will also be practised to expand students' vocabulary and cultural knowledge. In addition to this special training will be provided in preparation for the International Japanese Language Proficiency Test offered by the Japanese Ministry of Education.
Advanced Japanese	JAP 401	School of Languages	Advanced Japanese The Japanese Language 401 Course is designed for the students who have finished Japanese 302. The advanced course is geared towards students who have a solid foundation in both conversational and written Japanese. This class focuses on the development of accurate and extended discourse as well as on the expansion of kanji knowledge through the reading of some newspaper articles.
Basic Kurdish I	KUR 101	School of Languages	This course is designed as an introduction to the Kurdish language. It aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raise their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate. The students are provided with authentic tasks and a variety of materials which help them to learn and use Kurdish in daily interactions and also read and write in Kurdish. They also gain the awareness of multiplicity of varieties of the Kurdish language and are encouraged to learn differences between these varieties. They also learn and discover about the Kurdish language(s) and culture(s).
Basic Kurdish II	KUR 102	School of Languages	Basic Kurdish II This course is a continuation of KUR 101 and aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raises their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate. Basic tenses and grammatical structures are completed in this course and students are further provided with ample input to be able to use the language in daily situations with more confidence.
Basic Kurdish I	KUR 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Kurdish II	KUR 120	School of Languages	This course aims to focus on four skills, namely speaking, reading, writing and listening. For this, students are encouraged to prepare a book project on a topic of interest to them. Additionally, learning of new vocabulary is emphasized further throughout the term.
Intermediate Kurdish I	KUR 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of KUR 120 and continues to focus on four skills in the Kurdish language. At this level, students learn to use more complex structures to describe daily events and express their opinions.
Intermediate Kurdish II	KUR 140	School of Languages	This course is designed for the students who have a solid foundation in both conversational and written Kurdish. This class focuses on the development of accurate and extended discourse as well as on the expansion of several varieties of Kurdish language through reading, audio or audiovisual authentic materials.
Pre-intermediate Kurdish I	KUR 201	School of Languages	Pre-intermediate Kurdish I This course aims to focus on four skills, namely speaking, reading, writing and listening. For this, students are encouraged to prepare a book project on a topic of interest to them. Additionally, learning of new vocabulary is emphasized further throughout the term.
Pre-intermediate Kurdish II	KUR 202	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of KUR 201 and continues to focus on four skills in the Kurdish language. At this level, students learn to use more complex structures to describe daily events and express their opinions.
Intermediate KurdishI	KUR 301	School of Languages	This course is designed for the students who have a solid foundation in both conversational and written Kurdish. This class focuses on the development of accurate and extended discourse as well as on the expansion of several varieties of Kurdish language through reading, audio or audiovisual authentic materials.
Upper-intermediate Kurdish	KUR 302	School of Languages	This lesson is for students who have mastered the main grammatical structures and a range of vocabulary in Kurdish. The main focuses of the lesson are on more complex dialogs encountered in some more formal discussions and understanding literary texts such as short stories and poetry in Kurdish. Learners are also encouraged to write texts in Kurdish using more complex language.
Basic Latin I	LAT 101	School of Languages
Basic Latin II	LAT 102	School of Languages
Basic Latin I	LAT 110	School of Languages	This course is designed as an introduction to the Latin language. It aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raise their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate.
Basic Latin II	LAT 120	School of Languages	The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills. This is done using texts from the works of Julius Caesar and Cornelius Nepos.
Intermediate Latin I	LAT 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the LAT 120 course. The course aims to help students further develop lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills. This is done using texts from the works of Julius Caesar and Cornelius Nepos.
Intermediate Latin II	LAT 140	School of Languages	In Latin 140 students strengthen their understanding of Latin grammar and syntax and their translation and composition abilities while reading a selection of major authors of prose and poetry.
Advanced Latin I	LAT 150	School of Languages
Pre-intermediate Latin I	LAT 201	School of Languages	Bu derste başlangıç metinleri olarak Caesar'ın eserlerinden seçilen parçalar, daha sonra ise programa uygun olarak farklı bir yazar ve eserinden seçme parçalar okunmaktadır.
Orta Düzey Öncesi Latince II	LAT 202	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Pre-intermediate Latin courses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills. This is done using texts from the works of Julius Caesar and Cornelius Nepos.
Intermediate Latin II	LAT 301	School of Languages	In Latin 301 students strengthen their understanding of Latin grammar and syntax and their translation and composition abilities while reading a selection of major authors of prose and poetry.
Intermediate Latin II	LAT 302	School of Languages	In Latin 302 students strengthen their understanding of Latin grammar and syntax and their translation and composition abilities while reading a selection of Suetonius, Martial, Livy and Cicero of prose and poetry.
Basic Latin I	LAT 311	School of Languages	This course is designed as an introduction to the Latin language. It aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raises their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate.
Basic Latin II	LAT 312	School of Languages	This course is designed as an introduction to the Latin language. It aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level and raises their awareness of processes involved in learning to communicate.
Pre-intermediate Latin I	LAT 313	School of Languages	The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills. This is done using texts from the works of Julius Caesar and Cornelius Nepos.
History of Western Law	LAW 309	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The Common Law and Civil Law legal systems dominate western legal thought and practice, co-existing with minor traditions such as Socialist, Religious, and Tribal/Traditional. The scope of the course is limited to legal systems, laws, and historical events which contributed most significantly to the Western/European legal culture in which we live today. It is presented in roughly chronological order, and includes selections from law codes, legal documents, and scholarly analysis of legal systems or issues. It ranges from ancient Mesopotamia through classical Greece and Rome, includes Byzantine law, the revival of Roman Law at Bologna in the High Middle Ages and birth of a common European law, and concludes with the division between the Common Law and Civil Law.
Comparative Legal Thought	LAW 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The purpose of this course is to facilitate fruitful discussions among the students on a wide array of selected legal topics, allowing them to learn by comparing and exploring different approaches to identical or similar similar legal phenomena. In addition to increasing familiarity with fundamental concepts of different legal traditions in certain specific fields of law, the totality of the discussion topics covered will let the students take some initial steps toward discovering the formation process and the underlying logic of legal thought. While the course will also aim at conveying a certain amount of abstract legal information in fields such as constitutional law, contract law, human rights, business organisations' law, criminal law, intellectual property law and such, the main purpose of the course will be to therefore collectively discover the relationship between law and logic, tradition, justice, power and ideology.
International Law	LAW 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide a concise account of the basic concepts of international law. After focusing on the debate on the nature of international law and its political and historical underpinnings, it will explore the sources of international law and the relations between international and municipal law. States and governments, international organisations, companies and individuals will be examined as subjects of international law. More specific issues, such as treatment of aliens, jurisdiction, treaties, state succession, the law of the Sea, air and outer space and will examine human rights, peaceful settlement of interstate disputes, and the law of war will complete the agenda of this course.
Comparative Constitutional Law	LAW 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the similarities and differences between written constitutions that stem from diverse legal and cultural backgrounds. While the chosen constitutions may differ according to the instructor, the emphasis is on making critical comparisons between the different constitutional systems, including substantive areas such as: Judicial Review; Individual Freedoms; Separation of Powers; Centralization of Decision Making; Pluralism; and Protection of Democratic Principles.
Law, Business and Society	LAW 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on the complex interactions between legal, social, and business forces. Multi-national corporations influence governments; the environment is exploited and protected; people emigrate and demand more of their employers; governments try to balance business revenue and social justice. Can we say that a law ''caused'' an effect in society, or a business event ''caused'' a new law to be made? Does an effect sometimes become a cause in its own right, reinforcing an original effect? Sometimes the unintended effects of a business, legal, or social development are more important than the intended effects. We'll discuss topics including the development of the modern banking system, very large companies, how businesses relate to each other and society, how government seeks to protect people from business practices, and issues of environmental protection, free use of information (or not), and globalization.
Internartional Business Law	LAW 403	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to the major institutions and substantive legal topics encountered by individuals and businesses acting transnationally and internationally in today's world. After a quick overview of civil law, common law, transnational and international legal regimes, it includes tort law, sales and contract law, transport, and multi-national corporations and limited companies. Some of the problems which globalization makes more critical, such as foreign investment, labour and employment, intellectual property, and corporate social responsibility and environmental issues, are raised. While ''real world' cases and materials are used extensively as examples, the course also seeks to bring out the underlying assumptions and policies of these institutions and rules.
Human Rights in the EU	LAW 404	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on the EU?s influence on human rights within member and candidate countries, as well as countries with which EU has set up external relations.It deals with the human rights policy and human rights acquis of the EU and studies human rights jurisdiction of the relevant monitoring bodies. Secondly, the course illuminates selective human rights problems that have been the subject of daily discussions all over Europe. Lastly, the course focuses on the human rights clauses placed in the external agreements of the EU, human rights conditionality in relation to full membership, and the role of the EU in promoting and protecting human rights in developing countries.
Analyzing Text and Context	LIT 212	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Whatever our profession or interests, we are surrounded by texts in our daily lives: newspapers, advertising, instruction manuals and novels, to name only a few. This course introduces the interpretive strategies necessary to be critical readers of the texts we encounter. While the emphasis will be primarily on the written word and the methods of literary criticism, the course may also take up other cultural "texts," in a larger sense, ranging from film and video to fashion and opera. In all cases, the production, reception and use of texts in specific cultural contexts will be given close attention.
Topics in World Literature	LIT 252	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to various topics in world literature, as well as to methods of understanding and analyzing the texts within their specific historical and cultural contexts. The specific works read in this course will change from year to year.
Topics in Turkish Literature	LIT 290	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will be a critical survey of the rise of fiction in Turkish literature. It is generally accepted that the novel and short story writing in Turkish literature started with the imitation of Western models during the 19th century modernization process. This course will analyze the development of Turkish fiction between 1870-1920 with the problematization of this accepted evaluation. We will scrutinize the interaction of Ottoman-Turkish fiction with the traditional genres as well as the Western impact, the role of translation and adaptation, the conflict between different approaches to fiction and the impact of the historical context through the reading of literary and theoretical texts. The course will be in Turkish.
Popular Literature	LIT 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines various forms of 19th and 20th century literature that fall outside the rubric of the literary canon. It aims to provide an understanding of what constitutes popular literature and its place in contemporary culture. It focuses on one or more popular genres such as adventure fiction, children's literature, horror, detective fiction, romance, and science fiction, offering an introduction to such topics as literary value, readership, generic conventions, narrative techniques, and adaptation.
Postcolonial Theory and Literatures	LIT 324	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Starting from the premise that there is no such thing as a "pure" culture, we will nonetheless try to understand what it means to belong to a particular culture. Questions of identity are frequently at the heart of good literature, and the group of works which has been classified as "postcolonial" is no exception. As we read a selection of works from the colonial and postcolonial worlds, we will explore the writers' and our own answers to key questions of identity. What does it mean to "belong" to a culture, nation, ethnicity, community or family? What kinds of identity are possible in contexts where a colonizing power has undermined traditional affiliations? We will read short stories and novels, as well as works of theory relevant to the other course readings.
Literary Theory	LIT 334	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed as a critical survey of modern literary theory from the middle of the twentieth century to today. It includes both primary and secondary readings on New Criticism, Structuralism and Semiotics, Post-Structuralism, Psychoanalysis, Marxist and Cultural Criticism, Feminism, and Post-Colonialism. Discussion will include applications of these approaches to literary texts as well as the evaluation of their methodological assumptions, consistency, and fruitfulness. Students will also be asked to read a few literary texts, using them as test cases to compare and evaluate different approaches in concrete terms. The aim of this course is not only to enhance the students' ability to read critically and to think theoretically, but also to provide an understanding of the importance of contemporary literary theory for the analysis of culture in general and the influence of literary theories on fields such as anthropology, cultural studies, history, psychology, and even law.
Women and War in 20th Century Literature	LIT 343	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	War obviously affects both men and women, but women's experiences of war vary significantly from those of men. This is true whether they are officially designated as combatants or as civilians. This course will look at literature written by women and about women which takes up issues of war and violence, with a particular emphasis on how the writers construct memories of war, both their own and those of others. Readings may include such writers as Virginia Woolf, Marguerite Duras and Halide Edip.
Gender and Sexuality in Literature	LIT 345	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the ways in which literature reflects, influences, creates, and reveals cultural beliefs about gender roles, identities, and sexuality by analyzing short stories, novels, poems, and plays from a diversity of eras and national traditions. Literary texts are studied in the light of major works of feminist and queer literary theories and histories of sexuality. The ways in which gender intersects with other cultural issues such as race, nationhood, globalization, and class is also addressed in the context of specific literary texts.
Literature and Immigration	LIT 354	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Immigration has received much attention in the last century, usually as a "problem" or a "question" for the host country. The general term immigration is often used to talk about political exiles, economic refugees and internal migrants, as well as those who fit the classic picture of an individual or family moving permanently to a new home country. This course will look at literary works by writers who have been classified as "immigrants" to the country from which they write. While the course will take into account the linguistic, political and cultural issues these authors consider, it will also consider how the writers themselves have embraced or rejected the designation of "immigrant" and what is at stake in such a decision.
Literature, Ideology and Resistance	LIT 359	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on some of the major literary figures responsible for innovating literature's political role in society and redefining the responsibility of artists and critics in the twentieth century. The euphoria created by the struggles against colonization and racial and class oppression in various parts of the world led artists to reevaluate the political possibilities of literature. The study of a group of writers at the nexus of these struggles will incorporate a critical dialogue on cultural studies. Accordingly, the course puts the emphasis on the theoretical debates on how culture, ideology, 'race', ethnicity and class have been defined and/or represented. An important learning outcome is to equip the student with the conceptual tools to analyze a variety of literary texts with respect to politics, ideology and resistance
Imagining the City	LIT 370	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the city as a theme in such literary genres as the novel, drama, autobiography, and poetry, as well as film. From the ancient polis as a political unit to the twenty-first century metropolis, the city has emerged in literature as the antithesis to state of nature, the birthplace of modernity, the stage for social change and conflict, the locus of transition from empire to nation-state, and the meeting point of "the East" and "the West." With its inclusions, exclusions, periphery, subcultures, underground, public and private spheres, and fragmentations, the city is a symbolic system exploited widely in literature. The course may include such literary representations of the city as Balzac or Baudelaire's Paris, Joyce's Dublin, and Mahfouz's Cairo, as well as contemporary, utopian or dystopian works in world literature.
Creative Writing	LIT 371	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course entails an intensive study of writing techniques. The approach involves discussion, dissection and imitation. Each lecture will begin with the discussion of submitted texts by class members. The second part will involve the close scrutiny of a published text, paying special attention to matters of style and structure, word choice, mannerism, dialogue, social context, theory, autobiography, intertextuality; hence, dissection. Each week's assignment will be to produce an "imitation" of the text studied. These texts will be chosen to illustrate a variety of approaches to writing, and to raise some of the basic questions of writing.
Modern Turkish Literature	LIT 394	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What are the repercussions of social and political movements in Turkish literature? How is the cultural dynamism of Türkiye represented on the literary plane? This course will explore modern Türkiye and its literature through the works of writers such as Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Oğuz Atay, Adalet Ağaoğlu and Orhan Pamuk. The course will attempt to define what we mean by "Turkish national literature" by analyzing representations of gender, religion, cultural and national identity not only in works written in Turkish but also those written in a language other than Turkish (predominantly English) and published outside the borders of Türkiye (Selma Ekrem, Halide Edib.)
Auto/biography	LIT 430	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will be an introduction to different types of self-narrative, ranging from autobiographies, biographies, auto-ethnographies, self-documentaries to autofiction. The course will emphasize the study of narrative structures in autobiography. Different autobiographical texts will be studied in their historical, social and political contexts, while we explore the impact such works have had on literary and intellectual history. In the contextof autobiographical writing, in the tensile relationship between self and society, we will analyze issues related to gender, sexuality, race, class, and religion. Possible readings include St. Augustine's Confessions, J. J. Rousseau's Confessions, Gertrude Stein's The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, Halide Edib Adıvar's Memoirs and The Turkish Ordeal, RolandBarthes's Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes, Brenda Maddox's Nora: A Biography of Nora Joyce (Or: Nora: The Real Life of Molly Bloom), Latife Tekin's Gece Dersleri, and Orhan Pamuk's Istanbul: Hatıralar ve Şehir
Marxist Literary Theory	LIT 431	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is dialectics? What is the importance of dialectics in Marxism? In what sense is literature a laboratory that allow us to explore dialectical thought? This course will concentrate on the assessment of dialectical-thinking- through-literature by Marx and some of the principle theoreticians of Marxism, including Lukacs, Bloch, Benjamin and Adorno.
Literary Theory	LIT 434	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed as a critical survey of modern literary theory from the middle of the twentieth century to today. It includes both primary and secondary readings on New Criticism, Structuralism and Semiotics, Post-Structuralism, Psychoanalysis, Marxist and Cultural Criticism, Feminism, and Post-Colonialism. Discussion will include applications of these approaches to literary texts as well as the evaluation of their methodological assumptions, consistency, and fruitfulness. Students will also be asked to read a few literary texts, using them as test cases to compare and evaluate different approaches in concrete terms. The aim of this course is not only to enhance the students' ability to read critically and to think theoretically, but also to provide an understanding of the importance of contemporary literary theory for the analysis of culture in general and the influence of literary theories on fields such as anthropology, cultural studies, history, psychology, and even law.
Literature and Psychoanalysis	LIT 440	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course focuses on the critical evaluation of the impact of psychoanalytic discourses on literature and literary studies and vice versa. Basic concepts of psychoanalytic theory and criticism will be covered with reference to the writings of Freud and Lacan, as well as to the later interventions by such theorists as Derrida, Zizek, Deleuze and Guattari. Students will be encouraged to develop their skills in the textual analysis of a range of literary and psychoanalytic works, considering them as distinct ways of talking about desire, fantasy, memory, madness, and the unconscious.
Gender and Sexuality in Literature	LIT 445	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the ways in which literature reflects, influences, creates, and reveals cultural beliefs about gender roles, identities, and sexuality by analyzing short stories, novels, poems, and plays from a diversity of eras and national traditions. Literary texts are studied in the light of major works of feminist and queer literary theories and histories of sexuality. The ways in which gender intersects with other cultural issues such as race, nationhood, globalization, and class is also addressed in the context of specific literary texts.
Seminar in World Literature	LIT 452	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In-depth readings of selected texts, representative of various periods and genres (ranging from ancient Greek epic and drama through early modern, modern and contemporary texts), combining close textual analysis of a set of original works with the study of multiple layers of interpretation as attempted by the existing secondary literature.
Advanced Topics in Turkish Literature	LIT 492	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to major works of literature that have influenced Turkish history and culture and continue to have an impact on our understanding of contemporary Türkiye. Course materials combine such literary works with theoretical and historical writings on Türkiye, focusing on topics such as nationalism, gender, theories of third world narratives and aesthetics in a non-western context, canon-formation and the construction of a national canon, minority literatures, and prison literature. Compared to a introductory survey course on Turkish Literature (such as LIT 394), LIT 492 encourages in-depth analyses of fewer literary works. The authors to be covered include (but are not limited to) Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Oğuz Atay, Orhan Pamuk, Adalet Ağaoğlu, Latife Tekin, Elif Şafak, Emine Sevgi Özdamar, Mehmet Uzun, and Mıgırdıç Margosyan. The language of instruction is Turkish. For the possibility of being taken simultaneously by graduate students, and of fulfilling the research seminar requirements in History in particular, see LIT 692.
Organizations and Management	MAN 250	Sabancı Business School	Organizations and perspectives for organizational analysis; core concepts for understanding organizations; key issues in organizational functioning; conventional and emergent forms of organizing; the role, study, and practice of management in work organizations.
Financial Accounting and Financial Statement Analysis	MAN 270	Sabancı Business School	Reading and understanding corporate financial statements the use of accounting data; the basics of accounting cycle and the mechanics of financial statements; financial ratios funds flow statements; effects of inflation on financial statements
Organizations and Management	MAN 350	Sabancı Business School	Organizations and perspectives for organizational analysis; core concepts for understanding organizations; key issues in organizational functioning; conventional and emergent forms of organizing; the role, study, and practice of management in work organizations.
Financial Accounting and Financial Statements Analysis	MAN 370	Sabancı Business School	Reading and understanding corporate financial statements the use of accounting data; the basics of accounting cycle and the mechanics of financial statements; financial ratios funds flow statements; effects of inflation on financial statements.
Introduction to Finance	MAN 380	Sabancı Business School	The foundations of corporate finance and their applications to some of the important financial decisions; the valuation of fixed-income securities and stocks; capital budgeting risk and return; market efficiency; capital structure and its implications; the valuation of options and other derivative securities.
Introduction to Marketing	MAN 390	Sabancı Business School	Marketing strategy and marketing analysis: customer analysis; competitor analysis; company analysis; marketing mix, product strategy, pricing, advertising and promotion, and distribution.
Entrepreneurship	MAN 410	Sabancı Business School	The course addresses the management challenges associated with starting and successfully running a new venture. The objectives of the course are: (1) To develop an awareness of the range, scope, and complexity of the phenomena, issues, and problems related to entrepreneurship; (2) To develop insights into the conditions under which particular structural arrangements and systems are likely to facilitate entrepreneurship; (3) the role of entrepreneurs in developing a business opportunity; (4) the primary tasks and decisions that are required to turn an idea into a sound business opportunity; (5) how business plans are created to define the business opportunity; (6) the problems faced in implementing a plan for a new business opportunity either in a new firm or in an existing firm. This subject will provide a comprehensive and cross-disciplinary perspective on the main problems, perspectives, and practical opportunities associated with innovation, entrepreneurs and organizational change.
Globalisation	MAN 412	Sabancı Business School	This subject addresses the phenomenon of globalization in connection with a variety of issues that have direct and/or indirect relevance for business and managerial practices. Topics to be covered include: The globalization debate in terms of conceptualization, causal dynamics, socio-economic consequences, and implications for macroeconomic stability, state power and governance. Within this context, particular attention will be to paid to the following: Transnational Corporations and their integrated world strategies on a global scale in the areas of production and investment; the issue of globalization versus localization in the context of emerging consumption patterns across the world; information technologies, global financial deepening and the emerging money and capital markets; political and economic consequences of globalization for growth and development in the less developed regions; political and economic accords such as European Union, GATT, and NAFTA.
Investment and Portfolio Management	MAN 486	Sabancı Business School	This course covers valuation of various financial securities active and passive portfolio management, assessing investment performance.
Kinetics	MAT 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Molecular motion in gases, motion in liquids, diffusion, empirical chemical kinetics, the rate laws, chain reaction kinetics, polymerization kinetics, catalysis, reactive encounters, activated complex theory, dynamics of molecular colision, the growth and structure of solid surfaces, adsorption, catalytic activitiy at surfaces, processes at electrodes, electrochemical processes, power production and corrosion.Laboratory experiments related to the topics in the course.
Electrical, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Materials	MAT 204	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Beginning with Newtonian mechanics and Maxwellian electromagnetics, we examine material properties, by considering electrons as particles and light as waves. In order to understand phenomena that cannot be explained by classical physics, we first develop the tools for understanding the wave-like behavior of electrons and particle- like behavior of light--i.e., quantum mechanics, built around Schrödinger's equation. A quantum chemical approach is applied to understand molecular bond formation and the electrical and optical properties of conductive polymers. To examine electrical and optical properties of metals and insulators, solid state models are developed for bulk solids and interfaces, leading to the fundamentals of semiconductor materials and the p-n junction.
Kinetics of Materials	MAT 206	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Kinetics in materials engineering involves how a system approaches equilibrium, i.e. microstructural evolution: diffusion equation, diffusion in the atomic level, diffusion in crystals and and noncrystalline materials, surface and interface structure and formation, motion of dislocations, phase transformations—diffusional, such as nucleation and growth for solidification, and diffusionless, such as martensitic— and crystallization, reaction/mixture kinetics.
Biophysics	MAT 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Conformation of biopolymers: geometry of polymers and proteins, intermolecular forces. Dynamics of biopolymers: experimental techniques and modeling. Hydration of biopolymers, biopolymers as polyelectrolytes, association between molecules. Simplicity and complexity of proteins; physics of molecular and cell biology; organization of cells; evolutionary dynamics on micro- and macro-scale.
Polymer Synthesis	MAT 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to polymerization reactions. Step-reaction polymerization. Radical chain polymerization. Ionic and coordination chain polymerization. Copolymerization. Polymerization conditions and polymer reactions. Polymer characterization; measurement of molecular weight and size, analysis and testing.
Biopolymers	MAT 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Nature of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, glycoproteins and nucleic acids. Syntheses and applications of biological polymers. Biological, biomedical, synthetic and analytical applications of synthetic and biological polymers. Introduction to peptide nucleic acids, abzymes and ribozymes
Polymer Engineering: Fundamentals	MAT 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Structure and classification of polymers Polymer synthesis and molecular characteristics such as weight, tacticity, and crosslinking. Morphology, crystallinity, melting and glass transition. Elasticity and viscoelasticity. Theoretical models for viscoelasticity. Dynamic mechanical propreties. Mechanical behaviors of polymers including creep, yielding, crazing, and fracture. Materials selection and performance under stress and temperature.
Computational Techniques for Materials at the Nano-scale	MAT 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Modeling techniques operative at the atomistic and mesoscopic time and length scales. All-atom methods; force fields. Conformational searching. Statistical mechanics concepts relevant for molecular simulations. Normal mode analysis in one- and two- dimensions and its relation to spectroscopy. Setting-up molecular dynamics simulations and basic analyses of the trajectories. Introduction to particle-based mesoscopic simulations. Self-organization at the molecular scale.
Composite Materials	MAT 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Constituent filler and matrix materials, manufacturing processes and applications. Review of stress transformations, stress-strain relations and generalized Hooke’s Law. Mechanical characterization of fiber reinforced composite materials. Micromechanics. Ply mechanics. Mechanics of laminates via classical lamination theory. Strength of composite materials. Failure criteria of composite materials. Design of laminated composites. Introduction to analysis of laminated composites by a commercial finite element software
Phase Equilibria	MAT 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Thermodynamic foundations of phase equilibrium in component gaseous, liquid and solid systems will be established. Techniques for determining phase equilibrium diagrams will be introduced. Then the course treats two component systems and their phase diagrams started with the iron carbon phase system. The last portion of the course is devoted to tertiary and more component systems.
Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing	MAT 309	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Brief summary of vector mechanics and matrix algebra, Suffix notation, Summation convention (Einstein notation) Gradient of a scalar, divergence and curl of a vector; Gradient of a vector, divergence and curl of a tensor Integral theorems for vectors and tensors: Divergence and stokes theorems Introduction to Fluid Flow Introduction to Heat Transfer Introduction to Mass Transfer Emphasizing on the similarities among transport equations Boundary and Interfaces Conditions Introduction to numerical simulation of transport equations Applications of Transport Phenomena in Materials Processing Selected Materials Processing Technologies.
Chemical Processes for New Materials	MAT 310	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Chemical Processes for the recovery of pure substances; based on sulfur, phosphorous and nitrogen; based on the halogens and the noble gases; for the production of advanced ceramics, metals, composites; for materials used in energy utilization, medicine, aerospace, information and communication, ground transportation.
Materials Characterization	MAT 312	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Material types classified according to atomic composition; material types classified according to application; physical and chemical properties of materials; aspects of materials which might interest a chemist, physicist, and engineer; surface properties of materials compared to bulk properties; molecular and morphological basis of material physico- chemical properties; DSC analysis of materials; TGA analysis; static contact angle analysis; rheometric analysis FT-IR analyses; X-ray diffractometric analysis; solid state NMR analysis.
Mechanical Properties of Materials	MAT 314	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is intended as a bridge between introductory-to-intermediate materials science knowledge and mechanical behavior of various crystalline and amorphous systems (Junior or senior year students could find it beneficial). It covers the influence of microstructure on the mechanical behavior of materials including metallic alloys, polymers and ceramics. The main objective of the course is to describe the ways in which microstructure and defects are exploited to fabricate high-performance materials that are applied to today's technologies ranging from aerospace to toughened ceramics. The content includes and is not limitied to stress-strain relations, elastic and plastic deformation, dislocations, dislocation interactions, work hardening, vacancies, interaction of precipitates with defects, glass transition in polymers, creep in materials, brittle fracture and ductile fracture, case studies that span a wide variety of phenomena including fatigue in alloys.
Internship Project	MAT 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All MAT FENS students are required to complete an internship project (MAT 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a MAT Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Surface Chemistry	MAT 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	External surfaces, clean surfaces, interfaces, the technique of surface science, surface diffraction, structure of clean surfaces, structure of adsorbed monolayers, surface thermodynamic functions, surface tension, surface heat capacity, surface energy, thermodynamics of adsorbed monolyers, surface atom vibrations, elementary processes of gas-surface interactions, electrical properties of surfaces, surface chemical bond, catalysis by surfaces.
Polymer Engineering: Processing and Applications	MAT 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Properties of commercial polymers: hydrocarbon plastics and elastomers, other carbon-chain polymers, heterochain thermoplastics, thermosetting resins. Reinforced polymers, the mechanics of fibre reinforcement. Polymer forming: flow properties of polymer melts, cooling and solidification, extrusion, injection, blow, compression and transfer molding, thermoforming. Design: materials selection, designing for manufacture and stiffness.
Polymer Processes	MAT 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Morphology, rheology, and mechanical properties. Plastics technology; molding, extrusion, multipolymer systems and composites, additives and compounding. Fiber technology; textile and fabric properties, spinning, after-treatments. Elastomer technology; vulcanization, reinforcement, elastomer properties and compounding.
Polymer Physics	MAT 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the statistical mechanics of chain molecules Molecular weight distribution in linear and nonlinear polymers, theory of gelation. Rubber elasticity. Statistical thermodynamics of polymer solutions. Phase equilibria in polymer systems, swelling. Configurational and frictional properties of polymers in dilute solution.
Advanced Materials Characterization	MAT 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This combined class and laboratory course complements Materials Characterization in the sense of continuing along the central theme in greater detail. Topics include: a basic overview and general aspects of electronic and crystal properties of solid materials; dynamic light scattering; atomic force microscopy; electron spin resonance spectroscopy, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Mössbauer spectroscopy, dielectric spectroscopy and impedance spectroscopy. Computational techniques will be given in lab section to show how to simulate spectra by considering the energy functions
Nanoengineered Systems Fabrication	MAT 406	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	MAT406 will detail top down and bottom up approaches for nanoengineered systems fabrication. It covers nanolitography / nanofabrication techniques, the fundamentals of shaping materials, nanoscale, lithography, nanoimprint lithography, step-and-flash lithography, unconventional fabrication techniques, charged particles lithography, and metrology. Etching, patterning and pattern transfer. Bottom up approaches, such as CVD, ALD, surface functionalization and and patterning. Self-assembly techniques, like atomic, polymeric, colloidal, biological, interfacial. 3D printing. Nanostructured materials synthesis as building blocks of nanosystems such as; nanoparticle, nanotube, nanosheet, vesicle, wire etc. Nanomedicine, drug delivery systems and nanosystems for clinical diagnostics. Health and safety aspects of nanoengineering fabrication methods.
Introduction to Ceramics	MAT 408	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course is a series of introductory level lectures describing the types of ceramic materials ranging from oxide carbides. The crystalline structure of common ceramics and the amorphous nature of glass will be introduced. Surfaces, interfaces, grain boundaries and other structural imperfections in ceramics will be discussed Microstructural development will be treated in the light of ceramic phase diagrams, phase transformations, and chemical reactions with and between solids, grain growth, sintering and vitrification.Thermal, optical, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties of different ceramics will be discussed.
Biomaterials Science and Biocompatibility	MAT 416	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to biomaterials science and biocompatibility. Structure and properties of tissues and cells. Surface properties of materials and characterization of biomaterials surfaces. Classes of materials used in medicine: Metals, polymers, hydrogels, bioresorbable materials, ceramics, glasses, composites, thin films, fabrics and biologically functional materials. Microscopic and macroscopic structure of tissue. Mechanical properties of tissue. Pathobiological responses to implants. Medical implant design and function. Application of materials in medicine and dentistry. Cardiovascular applications. Dental implants. Orthopaedic applications. Ophthalmologic applications. Sutures. Adhesives and sealants. Tissue engineering.
Glass Science and Engineering	MAT 422	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Glass Science and Engineering- Structure of glass is introduced where the concepts of short range and long range order will be defined. Systems that form glasses are investigated, and their phase equilibria will be studied. The effects of different additives to glass technology and engineering are discussed in detail. Thus, a solid knowledge of glass formation and how the properties can be altered by chemistry and processing will be presented from a scientific and industrial points of view. Atomic mobility and deformation in glasses will be treated to gain insight into their mechanical, chemical and electrical properties and durability. The course will also focus on optical properties of various glasses.
Cement Chemistry and Technology	MAT 423	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Raw materials for cement manufacturing, mining and raw material handling, kiln feed preparations, kiln reactions, and problems with kiln operations, clinker phases and their properties, conversion of clinker to cement powder, cement hydration reactions, hydrated microstructure, cement paste behavior, rheology and strength development, concrete and concrete ingredients, properties of aggregates, concrete durability and issues with durability, speciality cements and speciality concrete, new applications with concrete
Materials Selection in Product Design	MAT 424	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course focuses on materials selection for mechanical and everyday design of objects. It offers hands on experience in product design through a class project that includes prototyping, testing of the prototype and iterations in the product. It aims to acquaint students with a systematic materials selection procedure for product design based on properties, cost, availability, and processability of materials for product design.
Special Topics in Materials Science and Engineering I	MAT 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Materials Science and Nanoengineering: Adhesion Science and Engineering	MAT 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course covers theories of adhesion, chemical and physical concepts of adhesives, principles of surface chemistry in adhesion science, and characterization of adhesively bonded assemblies. The analysis and modification of surfaces to be bonded are critical first steps for the design and selection of proper adhesives in light of theories of adhesion. Chemical and physical concepts in adhesives play an important role in understanding their melt and solid state transitions, thermal and mechanical properties, and crystallization, viscoelastic, rheological or physical aging behaviors. Characterization methods for thermal and physical testing of adhesives and adhesively bonded assemblies are necessary for a thorough understanding of the application performance of various adhesives. Throughout this course, students will gain strong knowledge on (i) the understanding of the adhesion phenomena and the design adhesives for various substrates; (ii) thermal and mechanical characterization of adhesives and adhesively bonded assemblies to establish structure-property relationships for various applications.
Special Topics in MAT: Failure Analysis	MAT 48003	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course introduces the fundamental concepts of the failure analysis methods and tools of engineering components. Topics include analysis of broken components by macroscopic and microscopic observation, review of common experimental methods used in failure analysis, specific description of failure mechanisms of composite, metallic, ceramics, and polymeric materials. Throughout the classes, students are expected to gain an understanding of these subjects and how they are applied in industrial applications.
Special Topics in MAT: Polymer Matrix Composites	MAT 48004	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Polymer Matrix Composites course aims to inform undergraduate and graduate students in materials and manufacturing engineering programs about polymer matrix composites. In order to better understand the structure-property-application relationship in polymer matrix composites, which is the most common type of composite, the polymer matrix and fibers that make up polymer matrix composites, the polymer matrix-fiber interface and the distribution of fibers in the matrix will be examined within the scope of the course. The preparation, processing and characterization (spectroscopic, rheological, thermal and mechanical) methods of different types of polymers that make up the polymer matrix will be explained in detail. Various processing and forming methods used in the preparation of polymer matrix composites will be explained by considering different types of polymer matrices. Information will be given about the thermal and mechanical characterization methods used for the polymer matrix composites. Finally, various application areas of polymer matrix composites and the materials selection criteria will be discussed.
Special Topics in MAT: Polymer Engineering/ Processing Fundamentals	MAT 48005	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The Polymer Processes/Engineering Fundamentals course will to provide undergraduate and graduate students in materials and manufacturing engineering programs to learn about the structure- property relationships of thermoplastic polymers as well as process methods. Within the scope of the course, basic information about polymer morphology and rheology will be given and by using this information, they will learn about the basics of melt mixture preparation, extrusion, and molding techniques such as injection, thermoforming, rotational molding, pressure molding and calendering processes. Rubber materials and processes will also be explained within the scope of the course.
Special Topics in Materials Science and Engineering II	MAT 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Materials Science and Engineering III	MAT 482	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Calculus I	MATH 101	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Basic functions; their properties and applications to modeling. Rate of change, limit, derivative and linear approximation. Computational techniques. Local and global extrema. Applications to optimization problems. The definite integral. Antiderivatives and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Integration techniques. Improper integrals. Applications.
Calculus II	MATH 102	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Sequences and series. Power series. Taylor polynomials, Taylor series and approximation. Visualizing functions of several variables; graphs and contour diagrams. Vectors. Differentation in several variables; partial and directional derivatives. Linear and quadratic approxiamtion. Classification of local extrema. Optimization, Lagrange Multipliers. Integration in several variables. Iterated integrals. Change of variables; polar, cylindrical and spherical coordinates.
Linear Algebra	MATH 201	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Systems of linear equations; Gaussian elimination. Vector spaces, subspaces, linear, independence, dimension, change of basic. Linear transformations. Inner product, orthogonality. Eigenvalues. Diagonalization and canonical forms. Cayley-Hamilton theorem.
Differential Equations	MATH 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	First-order differential equations and solution methods. Direction fields, qualitative methods, numerical approximations. Higher-order linear differential equations. Linear ayatems. Nonlinear systems, asymptotic behaviour of solutions. Laplace transform.
Introduction to Probability	MATH 203	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Counting techniques, combinatorial methods, random experiments, sample spaces, events, probability axioms, some rules of probability, conditional probability, independence, Bayes' theorem, random variables (r.v.'s), probability distributions, discrete and continuous r.v.'s, probability density functions, multivariate distributions, marginal and conditional distributions, expected values, moments, conditional expectation, Chebyshev's theorem, product moments, moments of linear combinations of r.v.'s, special discrete distributions, uniform, Bernoulli, binomial, negative binomial, geometric, hypergeometric and Poisson distributions, special probability densities, uniform, gamma, exponential and normal densities, normal approximation to binomial, distribution of functions of r.v.'s, distribution function and moment-generating law of large numbers, the central limit theorem, function techniques, distribution of the mean, basic methods for statistical estimation and hypothesis testing.
Discrete Mathematics	MATH 204	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to combinatorial problems and techniques. Sets, relations and functions. Graphs, trees, matching, network flows. Counting techniques. Recurrence relations and generating functions. Combinatorial circuits and finite state machines.
Vector Calculus	MATH 206	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Multiple integrals. Change of variables formula. Curvilinear coordinates. Inverse and implicit function theorems. Parameterization: Curves, vector fields, surfaces. Line integrals. Gradient fields. Green's theorem. Surface integrals. Calculus of vector fields: Curl, divergence.Stokes' and Gauss' theorems. Applications.
History of Mathematics	MATH 221	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course includes introduction of the number system, Pythagorean mathematics, Euclid’s axioms, Archimedes, Diophantus and the Arithmetica, solving cubic and quartics, Cartesian geometry, invention of Calculus, Fermat’s last theorem, Euler, Gauss, non-Euclidean geometry, counting the infinite, 20th century developments in Mathematics.
Introduction to Mathematical Analysis	MATH 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The least upper bound property in R, equivalents and consequences. Metric spaces. Completeness, compactness, connectedness. Functions,continuity. Sequences and series of functions. Contraction mapping theorem and applications to calculus: Inverse and implicit function theorems.
Integration	MATH 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The Riemann integral. The Riemann-Stieltjes integral, functions of bounded variation. Lebesgue integral and convergence theorems.
Complex Calculus	MATH 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course covers the field of complex numbers, functions of one complex variable; analytic functions, the Cauchy- Riemann equations, harmonic functions integration in the complex plane, Cauchy integral formula, power series, Laurent series and isolated singularities, theory of residues and applications, conformal mappings.
Statistical Modelling	MATH 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Statistical inference; estimation, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing; analysis of variance; goodness of fit tests; regression and correlation analysis; Bayesian methods; introduction to design of experiments; use of statistical software.
Dynamical Systems	MATH 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Adi diferansiyel denklemler (ADD) için niteliksel çözümleme yöntemleri. ADD çözümlerinin varlık ve teklikleri; geometrik gösterimleri. Faz uzaylarının kurulması. Doğrusal olmayan sistemlerin yerel ve global davranımları; doğrusallaştırma savı. Periyodik yörüngeler ve limit kümeler. Poincare- Bendixson kuramı.
Introduction to Algebra	MATH 311	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Basic theory of groups, rings and fields is covered. Fundamental concepts of Galois Theory are also given.
Elementary Number Theory	MATH 317	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Divisibility, prime numbers, congruences, quadratic residues, arithmetic functions, the Riemann Zeta function.
Introduction to Combinatorics	MATH 318	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Basics of counting, recurrences, special numbers, bijections and sieve methods, permutations, integer partitions, generating functions, identities, graphs.
Partial Differential Equations	MATH 322	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Classification, the concept of a well-posed problem. Initial and boundary value problems. Fourier series. The heat equation, the wave equation and the Laplace equation.
Introduction to Functional Analysis	MATH 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Uniform convergence. Stone Weierstrass approximation theorem. Arzela -Ascoli theorem. Baire's theorem. Vector spaces and linear operators. Normed spaces . Completion .Duality and Hahn-Banach extension theorem. Bounded linear operators. Banach-Steinhaus theorem. Open mapping and closed graph theorems.Hilbert spaces. Introduction to Banach algebras.
Hilbert Space Techniques	MATH 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Inner product, Hilbert space, examples, orthogonal expansions. Classical Fourier series; The Fejer kernel, Fejer's theorem, Parseval's formula, Weierstrass approximation theorem. Dual space, the Riesz-Frechet theorem. Linear operators, multiplication operators and infinite operator matrices, compact Hermitian and Hibert-Schmidt operators and the spectral theorem. Applications.
Numerical Methods	MATH 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course cover techniques in numerical analysis such as numerical solution of linear systems, sparse matrix techniques, linear least squares, singular value decomposition, numerical computation of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, optimization techniques, interpolation and approximation of functions, solving systems of nonlinear equations, numerical handling of ordinary and partial differential equations.
Proofs from the Notebook	MATH 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The aim of this course is to introduce a selection of proofs of some important theorems. These proofs require moderate background but high ingenuity. Among the topics are: Division algorithm, prime factorization theorem, some primitive results on the distribution of primes. Greatest common divisor. Euler's totient function. Phytagorean triples. A short survey of metric spaces; continuity, compactness, connectedness. Stone- Weierstrass approximation theorem. Geometry of the sphere. Brouwer fixed point theorem. Borsuk's antipodal mapping theorem.
Introduction to Stochastic Calculus	MATH 410	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Basic concepts of stochastic processes, Brownian motion, Gaussian white noise. Conditional expectations and their properties, martingale processes. Stochastic integrals, motivations for the Ito stochastic integral. Ito stochastic integral for simple processes and the general case. Ito Lemma and its different versions. Introduction to stochastic differential equations (s.d.e.) . Solving the Ito s.d.e. by the Ito Lemma and the Stratonovich integration. Homogeneous equations with multiplicative noise. The general s.d.e. with additive noise. A short excursion into finance. Option pricing problem, the Black and Scholes formula.
Finite Fields and Applications	MATH 414	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Characterization of finite fields, roots of irreducible polynomials, traces, norms, and bases, representation of elements of finite fields. Order of polynomials, irreducible polynomials and their construction. Factorization of polynomials. Linear recurring sequences. Introduction to applications of finite fields; algebraic coding theory and cryptology.
Introduction to Number Theory	MATH 417	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to analytic and algebraic number theory. Riemann zeta function and the L-functions, distribution of primes. Drichlet's theorem on primes in arithmetic progression. Number fields, Dedekind domains, prime decomposition.
Calculus of Variations	MATH 479	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The calculus of variations concerns problems in which one wishes to find the minima or extrema of some quantity over a system that has functional degrees of freedom. Many important problems arise in this way across pure and applied mathematics and physics. They range from the problem in geometry of finding the shape of a soap bubble, a surface that minimizes its surface area, to finding the configuration of a piece of elastic that minimises its energy Perhaps most importantly, the principle of least action is now the standard way to formulate the laws of mechanics and basic physics. In this course it is shown that such variational problems give rise to a system of differential equations, the Euler-Lagrange equations. Furthermore, the minimizing principle that underlies these equations leads to direct methods for analysing the solutions to these equations. These methods have far reaching applications and will help develop students’ mathematical techniques.
Special Topics in Mathematics	MATH 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Advanced Linear Algebra	MATH 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Euclidian and unitary vector spaces, normal forms for endomorphisms of Euclidian and unitary spaces (e.g., orthogonal, self-adjoint, normal endomorphisms), linear optimization, simplex algorithm introduction to coding theory
Mathematical Introduction to Quantum Algorithms and Post-Quantum Cryptography	MATH 484	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course provides a rigorous mathematical introduction to quantum algorithms and post-quantum cryptography, focusing on theoretical foundations rather than physical realizations. It covers Hilbert spaces, unitary transformations, quantum gates, and computational complexity theory. The course emphasizes algorithmic aspects, including Deutsch’s algorithm, Simon’s algorithm, Grover’s search, and Shor’s factorization algorithm, with a strong algebraic and complexity-theoretic approach. The final four weeks introduce post-quantum cryptography from a mathematical perspective, covering code-based and lattice-based cryptographic techniques that ensure security in a quantum computing era.
Mechanical Systems I	ME 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course introduces fundamentals of mechanical systems analysis and design. Specific topics include: preliminary design and analysis of mechanical systems; machine elements and their functions; force and life analysis of mechanical systems;basic design of mechanical systems for stability stress and deflections. and deflections.
Mechanical Systems II	ME 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course deals with design and selection of mechanical elements such as welded joints, bolts, bearings, spur gears, shafts, brakes; alternative fatigue design methods with consideration of creep, yielding, fracture; basics of finite element analysis with emphasis on beam and plate models.
Control System Design	ME 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This courses introduces fundamental approaches to control system design. Specific topics include: cascade compensation networks; design in frequency domain; design using the Root Locus; systems with a prefilter; design of state variable feedback systems; controllability; observability; pole placement using state feedback; Ackermann's formula; ; limitations of state variable feedback ; state observers; the design of robust control systems.
Motion Control Systems	ME 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Upon completion of this course students will be able to deal with control design for the systems with plant nonlinearities. The subjects will include: Lyapunov stability (Lyapunov direct method, BIBO systems, passivity); frequency methods (describing function, limit cycles, small gain theorem); motion control (1 dof systems, typical nonlinearities, friction, backlash, dead zone, systems with discontinuities); MIMO systems (converters and machines, robotic manipulators control, mobile robots, trajectory tracking, obstacle avoidance).
Power Electronics	ME 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course deals with application of power semiconductor devices to the efficient conversion of electrical energy. Specific topics include circuit analysis, signal analysis and energy concepts in the power electronics systems; semiconductor switching devices (IGBTs, Thyristors, Diods etc.); topologies and design of switching power converters (AC-DC, DC-DC and DC-AC); control of switching power converters; application examples and case study.
Fluid Dynamics	ME 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will cover basic and applied fluid mechanics. Specific topics include fluid properties, statics, kinematics, and dynamics: conservation of mass, momentum, and energy in integral and differential equation form; hydrodynamics; real fluids, laminar and turbulent flows; boundary layer model and approximate analysis; measurement methods in fluid flow.
Industrial Control	ME 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This is an course that covers industrial control systems. The specific topics include: control systems architectures; transducers and actuators; communications in industrial control systems - industrial LANs; sequential control - programmable logic controllers; direct digital control and supervisory control; structures of SCADA systems; case studies.
Heat and Mass Transfer	ME 309	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The topics are: Modes of heat transfer, energy equation, conduction, resistances, fins, lumped capacity, transient conduction, introduction to convection, properties of fluids, dimensional analysis, fluid statics, stress in fluids, conservation equations, laminar boundary layers, internal flows, external flows, natural convection, condensation, introduction to mass transfer, species conservation, evaporative cooling, introduction to radiation heat transfer, black bodies, gray body networks, spectral surfaces, solar radiation.
Computer Aided Design	ME 310	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course gives an introduction to computer aided design and development of product and engineering processes by using commercial CAD software tools.It includes topics like integration of CAD software with the processes and production. The applicability of the course material will be emphasized through team project that will use facilities of the mechanical workshop.
Mechatronics Systems Fundamentals	ME 311	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is an introduction to mechatronics as a discipline and covers fundamentals of mechatronics systems. The emphasis will be on the interplay of the constituent disciplines (mechanics-electronics-software- control) id design of modern products and systems. The content will include: ways of integration of mechanics- electronics-software, fundamentals of modeling of engineering processes, systems identification, sensors, actuators, power processing in mechatronics systems, control of mechatronics systems and its implementation.
Analysis and Synthesis of Mechanisms	ME 312	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is designed to equip students with fundamental theories and methodologies that are used in kinematic and dynamic analysis, and synthesis of mechanisms commonly encountered in machine design. Covered topics include: Analytical, graphical and computational techniques for displacement, velocity, and acceleration analyses; static and dynamic approaches for force analysis; kinematics and dynamics of cam-follower, screw, belt/chain drive mechanisms and gear trains; mechanism design process; graphical, analytical, and computational methods for mechanism synthesis.
Internship Project	ME 395	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All ME FENS students are required to complete an internship project (ME 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a ME Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Plasmonics	ME 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course will cover the fundamentals of plasmonics and surface plasmons. This class will provide the basic knowledge for understanding and manipulating surface plasmons and localized plasmons. In addition, emerging applications involving various plasmonics systems will be discussed. Surface plasmons on a single interface, thin film plasmons, localized plasmons on nanoparticles, and plasmonic nano-antennas will be discussed. This course is intended to teach students the principals of plasmonics encountered in different applications. Therefore, this course can be of interest for students in many departments. In addition to homework and exams, an individual project will be assigned to students to apply their new knowledge of plasmonic systems.
Introduction to Robotics	ME 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course is intended to present fundamentals of robotic systems. Specific subjects include: position and orientation in 3-D space; manipulator forward and inverse kinematics; velocities and forces - Jacobian's relations; manipulator dynamics; stiffness and compliance control; trajectory control; mobile robots - selected topics. A team project will emphasize the variety of robotics system
Microsystems Technologies	ME 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course deals with micromotion systems and micromechanic Specific topics include: micron and sub-micron positioning technology; elements of ultra precision; micro sensors and actuators; multi-axis precision control; miniature part handling; kinematics and dynamics of micromotion; electrostatic, piezo and voice coil microactuators, microsensing, micro-vibrations; MEMS CAD systems; effect of noise and environmental influences on interface characterist case studies. Design project will emphasize the control of micromotion.
Mechanical Vibrations	ME 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	• Basic concepts of vibrations • Analysis of single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems by using complex vector representation • Coulomb and structural damping • Vibration measurement, vibration measuring devices and vibration criteria • Frequency Response Functions (FRF) and system identification • Response of SDOF to periodic excitation • Response of SDOF to non-periodic excitation • Free vibration of multi degree of freedom (MDOF) systems • Harmonic response of multi degree of freedom (MDOF) systems
Robotics Systems Application	ME 406	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course deals with applications of the robotic systems. It is mostly oriented to industrial applications but it will discuss the applications in medicine and everyday life. The specific topics include: robot classification, application areas, robot control techniques, sensors, robot assembly, robotic surgery, robotics for disabled. The examples of application will be presented as case studies.
Embedded Systems	ME 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The Embedded Systems course will provide the fundamental knowledge about embedded systems design methods and technology. Integration of the measurement and actuators with embedded controller, the implementation of the control algorithms and interfacing the embedded controllers to LAN. A semester long project will support the course.
Mechatronics System Design	ME 408	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course introduces mechatronics approach to smart product design. Specific topics inludes: the nature of mechatronics design; overview of mechatronic devices; overview of the integrated systems design; mechatronics product development strategy; design methods; case studies; reverse engineering (disassembly and analysis of commercially available mechatronic devices). The course imparts knowledge that will enable students to design a 'smart product' that meets market needs.
Foundations of Microsystems	ME 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course deals with modeling micromechanical systems, micromotion, and transport in the microscopic world. Spacific topics include: micron and sub-micron positioning technology; ultra precision; kinematics and dynamics of micromotion; modeling microactuators and microsensors; micro-flows and heat transfer; MEMS CAD systems.
Computer Aided Engineering	ME 410	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to understand geometric modeling, numerical methods for analysis, and design optimization. Geometric-modeling topics are transformations, rendering, solid modeling, curves and surfaces, and volumetric properties. Numerical methods for analysis include overview of numerical methods such as finite differences and finite-elements, solution methods of linear system of equations. Design optimization includes search methods, constrained optimization multi-disciplinary optimization, and manufacturing tolerances. The course concludes with CAM and its applications.
Mechanical System Design	ME 411	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Mechanical System Design is a hands-on application oriented course. Students will be guided to combine their basic knowledge on Mechanics through ME 301 with machine elements and mechanical design knowledge through ME302 to apply them in actual working mechanical systems. Advanced topics on 3-D Spatial Motion and Kinematics will also be covered. Students will be introduced to Finite Element Method, and will be guided to apply related computer tools in their project work. The course aims to impart knowledge that will enable students to design 'smart products' that meet market needs.
Introduction to the Finite Element Method	ME 412	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course emphasizes the fundamental concepts in finite element analysis, and practical implementation of a working program. The course is divided into two halves. The first half is concentrated on the basic theoretical of the finite element method. The second half will be focused on issues concerning the implementation. Advanced topics will be discussed if time permits. The methods studied in this course are practical procedures that are employed extensively in the mechanical, civil, ocean, aeronautical and electrical industries. Increasingly, the methods are used in computer-aided design.
Computational Analysis and Simulation	ME 415	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Focus of the course is on the state-of-the-art computational modeling techniques used in disciplines such as structural mechanics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer and electromagnetics. Emphasis is on the numerical solution methods of partial differential equations and their use in computational analysis and simulations for engineering design. There will be a number of case studies and examples to enhance the lectures with examples. Topics covered are: basic numerical methods for root-finding, solution of linear system of equations and ordinary-differential equations, finite-difference solution of parabolic, elliptic and hyperbolic partial- differential equations and finite-element solution of elliptic PDEs such as Poisson equation in 1D.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Systems	ME 420	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Topics covered are fundamentals of the renewable and sustainable energy systems technology, thermo-economic analysis and the current research trends in improving the energy production from terrestrial water and air flows, solar irradiation, nuclear fission and controlled plasma for fusion, energy conversion alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells, small and large scale energy storage such as electric batteries, thermal and compressed-gas, and the current research on the electric transmission grids and an introductory economic analysis of the domestic electric use in the future.
Autonomous Mobile Robotics	ME 425	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course covers fundamental problems of autonomous mobile robotics including locomotion, reception, localization, planning and navigation. In the context of locomotion, legged, wheeled, flying and swimming mobile robots will be discussed. In the reception part, various sensors that are used on mobile robots will be introduced and several sensor fusion algorithms will be presented. Localization problems will be tackled in a probabilistic framework using Markov and Kalman Filtering techniques. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) problem and its variations will also be introduced and discussed. Finally planning and navigation strategies will be covered.
Scaling in Engineering Systems	ME 435	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course introduces the scaling laws for engineering systems including multi-scale systems and consists of different scales (nano-, micro-, or macro-scales). When system modeling, design and fabrication processes are being performed, scaling and interaction of different scales become prominent. This course covers the fundamental properties of scales, design theories, modeling methods and manufacturing issues with different applications. Examples of engineering systems include micro -/macro-robotics, micro-/macro-actuators, MEMS, microfluidics, micromanipulators (AFM, microinjection technologies), robotic surgery (da Vinci robots), biosensors, MRI machines, and solar energy panels. Students will master the materials through problem sets, scientific discussions with experts from industry or medicine, and will improve their project presentation skills.
Biomechatronics	ME 437	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	-Introduction to biomechatronics (Motivation and highlights of biomechatronic technologies), -Human as a physiological system, -Biological actuators, -Biological sensors, -Biological feedback mechanism, -Brain and brain machine interfaces, -Active and passive prosthetic limbs, -Orthotics, Exoskeletons, Exomusculatures, -Biocompatibility and biocompatible materials in biomechatronics, -Implants, -Medical robotics, -Diagnostic devices.
Advanced Vehicle Systems	ME 441	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	1. Introduction a. History b. Introduction to different systems c. Comparison to conventional vehicles, advantages d. Current situation (technology, market, emission benefits) 2. Vehicle Dynamics and Performance Fundamentals, Modelling a. Longitudinal Dynamics b. Propulsion and Breaking c. Handling d. Ride Comfort 3. Powertrains a. Components b. Configurations i. Electric Vehicle ii. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (series, parallel, split configurations) c. Regenerative Braking 4. Batteries a. Basics/Fundamentals b. Types, differences, advantages/disadvantages c. Battery modeling d. Battery Management Systems 5. Internal Combustion Engines a. ICE fundamentals b. Types c. Fuel Economy d. Emission control 6. Alternative Energy Sources a. Fuel Cells i. Fundamentals ii. Types iii. Hydrogen Storage b. Supercapacitors and Ultracapacitors 7. Electric Motor a. DC Motors b. Induction Motors c. Switch Reluctance Motors d. Control Basics
Special Topics in Mechatronics I	ME 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in in ME: Biomechatronics	ME 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in in ME: Mechanical Vibrations	ME 48001	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in ME: Networked multi-agent systems	ME 48002	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Mechatronics II	ME 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Introduction to Management	MGMT 201	Sabancı Business School	The objectives of this course are to introduce the students to fundamentals that will serve as a basis / background for courses in later stages of the program, introduce them to the functional areas of management, improve their analytical, descriptive statistics, introductory probability models for decision making, computer, presentation and group work skills. To this end, the course requires students to prepare a business plan as a group project, uses case studies to introduce some of the fundamental concepts in management, brings in guest speakers to inform students about different areas of management and career choices.
Introduction to Financial Accounting and Reporting	MGMT 202	Sabancı Business School	Accounting is the information system organizations use to identify, record and communicate relevant economic events and as such all management students should have a strong background in accounting. The purpose of this course is to familiarize the students with basic accounting concepts, principles, and methods as well as to teach them the basic business terminology they will encounter in future management courses and in the business world. The course will help the students appreciate the role of accounting information in financial decision making and is intended to serve as a foundation for subsequent Accounting and Finance courses. The topics covered include demand for accounting information by internal and external users in making investment and credit decisions; supply of accounting information and the institutional background for generally accepted accounting principles; the format and the content of the four basic financial statements; analysis and recording of business transactions through the recording cycle; accounting for current assets including trade receivables and inventories; plant- property-equipment and depreciation; financing through short and long-term debt versus equity; and basic financial ratio analysis.
Introduction to Data Analysis and Research in Business	MGMT 203	Sabancı Business School	This course teaches practical perspectives on research design, data collection, and analysis useful for managers. The scientific method, defining a hypothesis, sources and validity of data, sampling, examining distributions of and relationships between data, basic inferential statistics, linear regression, and ethics in research are topics covered in the course. The course follows a hands-on, skill-building approach using mainly MS Excel and appropriate add-ins for statistical analysis.
Disaster Awareness & Relief Management	MGMT 213	Sabancı Business School	This course aims to give a comprehensive understanding of disaster relief management principles and practices. It covers key terms and concepts related to disaster management, explores types of disasters and their impacts, and discusses phases of disaster management, including preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation strategies. The course also examines the roles of stakeholders, including government agencies, NGOs, international aid organizations, and communities/volunteers, and emphasizes the importance of collaboration and coordination among them. Additionally, it delves into logistics and resource management in disaster response as well as other important topics such as risk assessment and vulnerability analysis, the ethical and legal considerations that arise in disaster situations, effective communication and coordination among stakeholders, post-disaster economic burden, the role of technology, and the psychological impacts of disasters on individuals and society. Throughout the course, students will gain an understanding of disasters and the knowledge needed to respond effectively to them, addressing the multifaceted challenges involved in disaster relief management.
Summer Internship	MGMT 300	Sabancı Business School	This is a non-credit required course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements.
Introduction to Sustainability	MGMT 301	Sabancı Business School	This course offers a sociological and historical perspective on sustainability that encompasses environmental, economic, and social dimensions, ranging from inequality and poverty to responsible consumption. It introduces key issues, questions, and approaches in contemporary sustainability debates, including the Anthropocene, climate change, circular economy, green transitions, green financing, degrowth, carbon markets, ESG and environmental justice. The course also explores prominent sectors central to public sustainability discourse, such as plastics, fast fashion industry, forests, water and oceans, mining, and electric vehicles. By the end of this course, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of sustainability's historical, social, and political dimensions and its relevance to current environmental and economic challenges. They will develop the ability to analyze sustainability issues across sectors, interpret key concepts like the Anthropocene and circular economy, and critically evaluate regulatory and political approaches. Equipped with sociological and historical frameworks, students will propose practical solutions to enhance sustainability practices in diverse contexts.
MIT Sloan Seminars in Management I	MGMT 307	Sabancı Business School	MGMT307-MIT Sloan Seminars in Management I Students have to complete their assignments and attend the seminars given by MIT Sloan professors at SabancıUniversity. Supporting lectures prior to these seminars are organized by the School of Management. In each semester two or three MIT Sloan professors teach a topic related to their research areas. Some possible areas covered as follows:Global Markets, National Policies and the Competitive Advantages of Firms; Power and Negotiation; Negotiation and Conflict Management; Business Analysis Using Financial Statements; Information Technologies; The Economics of Information: Strategy, Structure and Pricing; The Airline Industry; Supply Chain Planning; Listening to the Customer; Strategic Market Measurement; Innovation and Entrepreneurship: How to Do it.
MIT Sloan Seminars in Management II	MGMT 308	Sabancı Business School	308 MIT Sloan Seminars in Management II Students have to complete their assignments and attend the seminars given by MIT Sloan professors at SabancıUniversity. Supporting lectures prior to these seminars are organized by the School of Management. In each semester two or three MIT Sloan professors teach a topic related to their research areas. Some possible areas covered as follows: Global Markets, National Policies and the Competitive Advantages of Firms; Power and Negotiation; Negotiation and Conflict Management; Business Analysis Using Financial Statements; Information Technologies; The Economics of Information: Strategy, Structure and Pricing; The Airline Industry; Supply Chain Planning; Listening to the Customer; Strategic Market Measurement; Innovation and Entrepreneurship: How to Do it.
Business Strategy	MGMT 401	Sabancı Business School	This course serves as a capstone course of the management program, targeted to senior students. The subjects covered are: competitive strategies; techniques for analyzing industries, competitors, and companies from a strategic perspective; strategy formulation and implementation; strategy in new business development.
Entrepreneurship	MGMT 402	Sabancı Business School	The course addresses management challenges associated with starting and successfully running a new venture. The objectives of the course are: (1) To develop an awareness of the range, scope, and complexity of the phenomena, issues, and problems related to entrepreneurship; (2) To develop insights into the conditions under which particular structural arrangements and systems are likely to facilitate entrepreneurship; (3) to understand the role of entrepreneurs in developing a business opportunity; (4) to investigate the primary tasks and decisions that are required to turn an idea into a sound business opportunity; (5) to learn how business plans are created to define the business opportunity; (6) to discuss common problems faced in implementing a plan for a new business opportunity either in a new firm or in an existing firm. This course will provide a comprehensive and cross-disciplinary perspective on the main problems, perspectives, and practical opportunities associated with innovation, entrepreneurs and organizational change.
International Business	MGMT 403	Sabancı Business School	International business is one of the most exciting and challenging phenomena in the world today. The field of international business encompasses culture, politics, economics, finance, technology, in fact all activities that influence transactions between firms of different countries. These factors are also increasingly affecting the affairs of domestic business. This class aims to provide an integrative overview of the vast area of international business. The global environment will be examined first, before considering how these factors interact with managers, small and large businesses, and the consumer. The focus of this class is international; however many of the topics are directly relevant to domestic firms as well.
Technology Management	MGMT 404	Sabancı Business School	The focus of the course is on the key concepts, models, and methods that enable managers to effectively manage the development and utilization of technologies. The goal is to develop an awareness of the range, scope, and complexity of the phenomena, issues, and problems related to economics and management of technology and technological innovations. The course will enable the integration of technology, operations and business strategy. In short, the participants will develop a better understanding of the complex issues surrounding the managerial tasks with respect to technology.
Turkish Managerial Context	MGMT 405	Sabancı Business School	This course draws upon different theoretical and disciplinary perspectives to examine the historical development and changing nature of business/management structures and practices in the context of Turkish society Attention is focused on the experiences of business/management relations among different social classes and groups with particular emphasis on the role of the state in the formation of economic and social policies. Related to this is the discussion on the collective responses by the entrepreneurial class through business associations, workers through unions and skilled employees through professional organisations. The course concludes by exploring implications for the management profession in Türkiye.
Globalization	MGMT 406	Sabancı Business School	This course addresses the phenomenon of globalization in in connection with a variety of issues that have direct and/ or indirect relevance for business and managerial practices. Topics to be covered include: The globalization debate in terms of conceptualization, causal dynamics, socio-economic consequences, and implications for macroeconomic stability, state power and governance. Within this context, particular attention will be to paid to the following: Transnational Corporations and their integrated world strategies on a global scale in the areas of production and investment; the issue of globalization versus localization in the context of emerging consumption patterns across the world; information technologies, global financial deepening and the emerging money and capital markets; political and economic consequences of globalization for growth and development in the less developed regions; political and economic accords such as European Union, GATT, and NAFTA.
Business Law	MGMT 407	Sabancı Business School	This course provides an overview of the law that affects the operation of business in Türkiye and around the world. Students will be introduced to law in general and the differences among various legal systems. The specific legal concepts that influence the structure and conduct of global business will be explained and the corresponding provisions of Turkish commercial law will be highlighted. Emphasis will be placed on imparting practical knowledge using examples from real life.
Ethics in Business and Sustainability	MGMT 408	Sabancı Business School	This course examines the increasing impact of firms on their economic, social and physical environment, and the role of ethics in business management. It aims to develop an appreciation and understanding of different perspectives in managerial ethics and their implications for business-society relations. Topics to be covered include corporate governance, sustainable development, environmental and social risk assessment, stakeholder engagement, managing ethics in business, and sustainable investments. The course will specifically touch upon the key ethical and sustainability issues in Türkiye.
Managing Non-Profit Organizations	MGMT 409	Sabancı Business School	This course combines theory and practice and explores the management of private nonprofit organizations. Often referred to as the ''third sector," it is composed of charitable or public benefit, advocacy and mutual benefit organizations. Our primary focus will be on the public serving or benefit organizations in the education, arts, health, human services, and the environment. These are organizations which account for the most of third sector employment in Türkiye. Continued resource scarcity, devolution of responsibilities by government, and privatization have put additional pressure on the nonprofit sector to fill in where government withdraws and to work in partnership with other organizations in the delivery of public services. This is a course for students interested doing community service during one semester and in better understanding nonprofit organizations especially that rely heavily on volunteers. Students who take this course are expected to volunteer in a service providing setting throughout the semester at least 2 hours a week. Class hours may be devoted to that if needed. Through this experience, student will learn about the operations of one organization from the ground up while providing service to his/her community. Several local nonprofit organization managers or consultants will join us to discuss issues and topics of mutual concern. Buzz words: Non-profit sector, Non-profit management, Social entrepreneurship, philanthropy, sustainable development, ethics, volunteer organizations
Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility	MGMT 410	Sabancı Business School	The course is planned to equip the students with a general understanding of how modern business organizations and society continuously interact to form various relationships. Specifically, the course aims to provide an insight regarding the theories of corporation and its stakeholders, corporate governance, business ethics, sustainability, and corporate social responsibility. The course aims to achieve a theoretical understanding through making sure the students attain a practical understanding of the issues covered in the class
Agile Project Management	MGMT 411	Sabancı Business School	It is aimed to provide students with information on project management tools, agile methodology and lean culture, which are of great importance in the sector today and which are required as well as professional knowledge. Students who complete the course will be competent and effective in concepts such as goal-oriented work, creative idea generation, and start-up company culture. With the assignments and applications given in the course, they will have the opportunity to experience the sector needs of today's world with real examples. The course aims to form the basis for companies in the Agile Transformation process and students to become graduates who have sufficient knowledge and can contribute to the company in a short time.
Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship	MGMT 412	Sabancı Business School	Social Entrepreneurship represents an innovative approach to the creation and delivery of social value locally, regionally, nationally and internationally. Social entrepreneurs are using the principles of entrepreneurship to improve the lives of those around them by creating innovative responses to critical social needs (e.g., hunger,poverty, global warming, etc). In other terms, they are change agents. The course aims to enable students to develop an understanding and awareness of the concepts, opportunities and challenges of social entrepreneurship. Students will appreciate the distinctions between private sector, philanthropy and social entrepreneurship. Social innovations will be at the core of the discussion. This is a course for those whose long-term goals extend beyond creating personal economic gain and involve creating broad-scale value for multiple stakeholders.
Strategic Innovation	MGMT 413	Sabancı Business School	The purpose of this course is to help students develop an understanding of the dynamics of innovation, and to focus on successful strategies to manage the challenges posed by these dynamics. We will review the unique characteristics of industries characterized by frequent innovation, and explore how strategies in these industries are (or are not) different from other contexts. We will also focus on the process of managing innovation, both internally and externally. This course is suited for students aspiring to become entrepreneurs, general managers or consultants to general managers who are faced with situations in which innovation in new products, services and technologies is important, or those who would like to build basic background on the topic of strategy and innovation.
Negotiation Skills	MGMT 414	Sabancı Business School	This course will focus on the problems and possibilities of effective negotiations, conflict management, and power and influence at work and other settings. We will emphasize developing both intellectual knowledge of approaches to negotiation, conflict and organizational and practical skills in applying that knowledge to situations drawn from organizational life and from the experience of class participants. The course will combine readings and lectures with plenty of in-class individual and team negotiation simulations.
Entrepreneurial Technology Commercialization	MGMT 415	Sabancı Business School	This course will provide you the skills that are necessary to assess ideas and technologies for their technical merit and commercial potential. You will understand real life high impact success stories such as Google’s creation and Genentech’s spin out story from MIT. You will have the opportunity study and learn about Intellectual Property, Venture Capital, Technology Entrepreneurship and Technology Transfer industries.
Introduction to Intellectual Property (IP)	MGMT 416	Sabancı Business School
Strategy Execution	MGMT 417	Sabancı Business School	This course focuses on the execution of strategy in organizations and introduces strategic processes that are effective for creating sustainable competitive advantage. The subjects covered are: formulating strategy under uncertainty, scenario planning for strategic action, strategic decision-making, organizational design, role of networks in strategy, managing strategic change, strategy execution in emerging markets. The main learning method in the course will be case studies supported by simulations, exercises, projects and lectures.
Fundamentals of Family Business	MGMT 418	Sabancı Business School	Majority of companies in economy are Family Businesses. Family ownership of a business has advantages & challenges. During this course, we will discuss what family business is & what the specific challenges are. The goal of this course is to examine the elements of family business management environment. This course will extend student's understanding of dynamics of business, family & their interactions. There will be guests from family businesses at the class to support class discussions and there will be field trips to family businesses.
Succession & Transfer of Power in Family Business	MGMT 419	Sabancı Business School	Majority of companies in economy are Family Businesses. However, current estimates hint that only 13% of family businesses can continue their operation at third generation, mostly due to problems experienced during Succession & Transfer of Power. Making a successful take-off for next generation is critical in sustainability of family businesses. The goal of this course is to examine the elements of Succession & Transfer of Power in Family Business environment. Also, after taking charge; next generation members are generally having a challenge of re-energizing entrepreneurial spirit of company. Issues related with entrepreneurship will be discussed. There will be guests from family businesses to support class discussions with the kind help of TAIDER.
New venture and Business Plan Development	MGMT 420	Sabancı Business School	This course is a comprehensive course covering how to develop a business plan for a new firm or a new product in a firm. The class will integrate entrepreneurship, finance, accounting, operations management, human resources, marketing and strategy to develop a successful business plan for success.
Technology Awareness and Implications of Technology Trends to Business Life and Processes	MGMT 421	Sabancı Business School	Technology Awareness and Implications of Technology Trends to Business Life and Processes: We are in the middle of a major technology revolution. Everything we do is surrounded by new technologies, refining the way we live and work. Nonetheless, there is a greater transformation at play as technology has shifted beyond digital and is established in every single interaction of our lives. As we see a significant new shift, technology revolution starts to put people first. High performers will achieve more with technology by continuously familiarizing with and learning, generating new solutions, driving change and disrupting the status quo. In this context, the aim of the course is to facilitate students learn how to effectively and efficiently evaluate trends and emerging technologies in business life and management and integrate them to work processes and organization through using the right methods.
Socio-Cultural and Institutional Perspectives on the Family Business	MGMT 422	Sabancı Business School	This course introduces the participants to concepts and skills related to entrepreneurship, leadership and management of the family business. Theory- related content combined with reflective teaching methods provides with an opportunity to increase participants’ understanding of family business theory and practice with a particular focus on social, cultural, institutional and affective perspectives. Thus, this module aims to balance theory and practice by symetrically attending to the ‘family’ and ‘business’ domains as well as their relationship from social, cultural and entrepreneurial perspectives. İn delivering the course, we will also invite visiting speakers to the classroom. Guest lectures delivered by established practitioners in their fields will bring real life observations into classroom setting and help to bridge theoretical insights with practical wisdom and experiences. There will be seminars following the completion of major family business perspectives. In seminars, lecturers are essentially facilitators and advisors who encourage participants to take gradual charge of their own learning experiences. In lectures, in addition to the theoretical underpinning of family business, you will have an opportunity to debate the issues and perspectives emerging from theory and practice of leadership. The assignments will help you to continuously reflect upon what has been learned through lectures and seminars and accumulate knowledge on the subject area The teaching team will provide ongoing support with scheduled assessment briefs for large groups as well as in the format of one-2-one meetings.
Art Business and Entrepreneurship	MGMT 425	Sabancı Business School	This course is designed to provide students with a thorough understanding of the dynamic and multifaceted art market. By exploring the historical, economic, legal, and technological dimensions of the art industry, students will gain valuable insights into the forces shaping the contemporary art market today. The curriculum will address key topics in art business, including art collecting, collection management, and the influential role of collectors in shaping modern art history Additionally, we will examine the financial aspects of the art market, focusing on art as an investment tool. Leadership and entrepreneurship within the art market will be emphasized through case studies of successful art leaders and entrepreneurs. Insights from guest art professionals, who will share their practical experiences and advice, will further enrich the learning experience. These guests will offer perspectives on entrepreneurial strategies, innovative business models, and emerging trends that are currently transforming the art market.
Selected Topics in Management I	MGMT 450	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Management II	MGMT 451	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Management III	MGMT 452	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Management IV	MGMT 453	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Career and Professional Development Course	MGMT 491	Sabancı Business School	In Career Course, students are going to learn the expectations of business world from them through their career. For this purpose, Faculty, Sabanci Holding Professionals and Headhunters will jointly teach the course.
Learning Through Action Project	MGMT 492	Sabancı Business School	This course allows students to work in a real-life project with a company. The projects are expected to contribute not only to the educational mission but also to solving particular problems as the companies. In a semester-long project, the students work in teams, advised by a faculty and a company advisor, and expected to make several site-visits. Each team presents their project results to the company in a final report and an oral presentation. Admission to the course is highly competitive and students will be admitted by the undergraduate program coordinator or a designate after a series of interviews.
Entrepreneurial Skills Workshop I	MGMT 495	Sabancı Business School	Workshop on Entrepreneurial Skills course is designed to provide seminars, conferences, and workshops to entrepreneurial students in order to foster their teamwork and professional skills before they initiate their career.
Entrepreneurial Skills Workshop II	MGMT 496	Sabancı Business School	Workshop on Entrepreneurial Skills course is designed to provide seminars, conferences, and workshops to entrepreneurial students in order to foster their teamwork and professional skills before they initiate their career.
Independent Study	MGMT 499	Sabancı Business School	This course allows students to explore a management area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Students are expected to take primary responsibility for their own learning, starting by identifying a faculty member they want to work with and developing a course outline (similar to a course syllabus) together with that faculty member. Students may enroll in this course only after getting approval from the Faculty of Management Undergraduate Program Coordinator
Majors: Informative Course	MJC 100	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The purpose of this course is to familiarize students with the degree and minor honor programs at SU and career opportunities offered by these programs. It will help students make a more informed choice about their future field of study and introduce opportunities that students may use during their undergraduate. The course emphasizes the interdisciplinarity of Sabancı University and the fact that each of our students can choose an individual route to graduation. The course is a prerequisite for major declaration.
Introduction to Marketing	MKTG 301	Sabancı Business School	This course is an introduction to the study of structure and functions of marketing systems in the firm, economy, and society which will include analysis of the environment, target markets, and managerial aspects of marketing. Role of marketing, consumer behaviour, business-to-business markets, marketing research, segmentation and targeting will also be described and discussed. In addition, managerial aspects of marketing such as product and service development, pricing, promotion, advertising, selling, and distribution will be covered.
Marketing Research	MKTG 401	Sabancı Business School	This course covers planning, designing, conducting, and interpreting marketing research. All the concepts taught will be put in practice through team projects. The practical applications are intended to create an understanding of how market information can be used in solving marketing problems and designing marketing strategy.
Consumer Behavior	MKTG 402	Sabancı Business School	This course examines the basic concepts (e.g. attitude, learning, motivation, etc.) explaining how and why consumers make purchasing decisions, and the differences in affective, cognitive, and behavioral characteristics of customers.
International Marketing	MKTG 403	Sabancı Business School	This course examines the opportunities, characteristics, trends, techniques and strategies related to the marketing concept as it applies to the global markets. Competing in markets of various cultures, the case of multinational corporations, and current economic and marketing issues are examined.
Digital Marketing	MKTG 404	Sabancı Business School	This course examines the emergence of the new digital markets as well as how traditional markets are affected by the widespread use of information communication technology by consumers and businesses. Internet business models, trends, strategies, and technologies are covered.
Marketing Strategy	MKTG 405	Sabancı Business School	This course develops an understanding of and the skills and experiences needed in formulating and planning a marketing strategy. It gives the students an opportunity to analyze a market, set objectives, developing a marketing strategy, and implement the strategy in a set of realistic situations provided by a computer simulation game.
Brand Management	MKTG 406	Sabancı Business School	This course is designed to provide the students with a fundamental understanding of how to build and manage brands. Within this context, key issues in building effective brand strategies will be covered, providing students with a sound theoretical basis to make better branding decisions. The applications of theory (via cases, class discussions, etc.) will be stressed.
Sales Management	MKTG 407	Sabancı Business School	The goal of the Sales Management course is to examine the elements of an effective sales force as a key component of the organization's total marketing effort. The course will extend student?s understanding of marketing's reach and potential impact in achieving its overarching goals. Course objectives include understanding the sales process, the relationship between sales and marketing, sales force structure, customer relationship management (CRM), use of technology to improve sales force effectiveness, and issues in recruiting, selecting, training, motivating, compensating and retaining salespeople.
Public Relations and Influencer Marketing	MKTG 408	Sabancı Business School	This comprehensive course is aiming to teach a new strategic public relations approach reflecting changing marketing and communication needs of today?s world. This new approach focuses on those individuals and groups who influence the opinion and decision of the target audience, and has been increasingly used by major organizations over the last decade. This course will analyze theory and applications of this new marketing and communication approach in an interactive learning environment. Key topics that will be covered in the course are: Public relations concepts & definitions, Public Relations' role in organizations, public relations ethics and principles, corporate communication, strategic communication, planning and tailoring communication for the target audience, research and evaluation techniques, media relations, internal communication, crisis communication &management, consumer relations, public sector and government relations, Influencer mapping-identifying &ranking influencers, effective influencer relations, marketing through and with influencers, word of mouth, community and social responsibility programs , future of PR and influencer marketing: issues and opportunities.
Pricing in Marketing	MKTG 409	Sabancı Business School	Pricing decision is one of the most important marketing decisions. Factors related to both the supply side (e.g., cost structure) and the consumer side (e.g., perceived value, willingness to pay) should be considered in setting prices. The first part of the course provides an overview of how both types of factors effect pricing decisions. Unlike economic and financial approaches to pricing, a greater emphasis is given to behavioral drivers and understanding the demand side. The course coverage includes value pricing, price customization, price bundling, price presentation strategies, and sales promotions. Course evaluation includes participation in class discussions, project presentation, and written exam.
Social Media Marketing	MKTG 410	Sabancı Business School	The course covers a practical method to create viral content (STEPPS), components of social influence (influentials, social networks), social media analytics tools such as textual mining and effects of social media on consumers. Several cases would be a major component of this course.
Advertising and Promotion	MKTG 411	Sabancı Business School	This course provides the student with a basic understanding of the major aspects of integrated marketing communications and promotion management. Topics covered include advertising, sales promotion, public relations, point-of- purchase communications, interactive marketing, and personal selling.
Marketing Channel Management and Retailing	MKTG 412	Sabancı Business School	The subject of this course is the design and management of marketing channels through which products and services are moved from their point of origin to their point of consumption. The course addresses how manufacturers and channel members (e.g., wholesalers, distributors, retailers) interact, cooperate, and compete as the distribution environment becomes ever more complex.
AI for Consumers and Society	MKTG 413	Sabancı Business School	Today’s machines are intelligent, and they are transforming consumption and consumer experiences. For example, AI-powered algorithms now influence a remarkable range of consumption choices such as what we listen to, wear, watch, read, drink, and so on (consider Spotify, Stitch Fix, Netflix). With AI-driven adoption in consumer product industries is expected to reach new heights, this course aims to provide new perspectives on the wider relationship between humans and machines. We will acknowledge that AI can help marketers leverage customer data and improve marketing performance, but we will also study the risks for consumer and societal well- being. The course combines a variety of theoretical perspectives including management, psychology, art, sociology, and engineering.
Marketing Analytics	MKTG 414	Sabancı Business School	Marketing analytics is a set of tools (conceptual models, statistical techniques, and optimization software) designed to translate data into actionable marketing strategies. This course prepares students to kick start their career in a marketing analytics position within a big or small corporation, a marketing research company, or a consulting firm. To do so, in this course, students get hands-on experience with real-world data and be equipped with marketing analytics tools ready for their current or future jobs.
Selected Topics in Marketing I	MKTG 450	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Marketing II	MKTG 451	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Deterministic Models in Operations Research	MS 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Elements of problem solving and algorithmic design; use of numerical analysis and linear algebra to solve manufacturing and service systems engineering problems; linear programming and related topics like simplex techniques; computer software that help implementing the models and solving the problems.
Stochastic Models in Operations Research	MS 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to stochastic processes with examples based on the appropriate manufacturing and service systems; decision making under uncertainty; Markov chains; production/inventory models; queuing systems; forecasting models; reliability engineering problems.
Decision Economics	MS 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Time value of money; discounted cash flow analysis; break-even analysis; evaluation of alternative capital investment proposals considering depreciation, inflation, taxes; make or buy analysis; replacement analysis; bonds, stocks, and options; decision making under certainty and risk.
Production and Service Systems Planning and Design	MS 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Product/process modeling and analysis; facility site selection and layout; material handling and storage systems; material and information flow; shop floor control systems; manufacturing and assembly cells; flow lines and assembly lines; pull production systems; flexible manufacturing systems.
Simulation	MS 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Simulation Modeling and analysis of manufacturing and service systems; simulation modeling prospectives; discrete event and continuous simulation; simulation languages/ software; statistical aspects of simulation.
Ergonomics	MS 306	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Analysis of complex work space, tools and activities to achieve efficiency in modern work environments; physiological and psychological capabilities and limitations; human - machine/computer interface; ergonomic measurement methods and analytical techniques.
Work Analysis and Design	MS 307	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Methods design analysis techniques, evaluation and appraisal; work measurement procedures; equipment design and its effect on human performance; work space design and guidelines for environmental factors such as lighting, noise, temperature, and humidity; individual aptitude, ability and motivation; job safety analysis, standards, and regulations; application of principles of human factors with an emphasis on industrial applications of robotics, CAD/CAM integration, and automation.
Cost Analysis and Control	MS 308	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to financial and cost accounting; preparation and analysis of financial tableaus through use of spreadsheet activity based costing; target costing; value analysis.
Manufacturing Processes I	MS 309	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of modern manufacturing technology; introduction to manufacturing processes, inspection methods and quality; materials and their manufacturing characteristics; description of various conventional and applications in industry: casting, metal forming, forging, extrusion, rolling, joining and welding, EDM, ECM, laser machining, abrasive flow processes; machining processes: turning, milling, drilling, broaching etc., abrasive machining processes. Lab demonstrations and plant tours.
Production and Service Systems Operations	MS 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Mathematical and computer methods for planning and control in production and distribution systems; overview of supply chain management; forecasting; aggregate production planning; inventory replenishment policies; lot sizing; material and capacity requirements planning; master production and operations scheduling; service operations.
Integrated Manufacturing Systems	MS 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to methods and practices in industrial design, prototyping, and manufacturing; investigation of the product design process; Computer Aided Design systems Aided Manufacturing; Computer Aided Process Planning; Computer Integrated Manufacturing; rapid prototyping; process technology selection; design and control of production flow lines, work cells, and automated quality inspection.
Quality Planning and Control	MS 403	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to total quality management philosophies and ISO 9000 standards; design and analysis of statistical process control systems; control charts; acceptance sampling techniques; reliability testing; evaluation of the source of variation; design of experiments; failure mode, effect, and criticality analysis; quality function deployment; quality by design and introduction to Taguchi approach.
Decision Analysis	MS 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the theory and practice of decision processes under uncertainty; use of decision trees and influence diagrams in solving decision-making problems; assessing probabilities in modeling uncertainty; Bayesian statistical analysis; value of information; attitudes towards risk; and utility theory.
Investment Decision Making	MS 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Market research and forecasting; choice of production capacity; cost and revenue estimation; feasibility analysis through use of spreadsheet; methods and means of financing of projects, start-up companies and pre-IPO ventures; case studies.
Reliability and Maintenance Analysis	MS 408	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Component and system reliability; design and assessment of engineering systems and processes for assuring reliability of performance; life distributions; life testing procedures; estimating system reliability; maintenance and replacement models; data collection, storage and analysis for maintenance; computerized maintenance systems; total productive maintenance.
Project Scheduling and Management	MS 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of project management process; project selection; project idea generation, formulation, financing, bidding, budgeting and cash flow analysis; team formation and building; deterministic and stochastic unconstrained project scheduling; resource constrained project scheduling algorithms; progress and cost control of projects; examples of management of projects from various sectors.
Modeling and Analysis of Large Systems	MS 411	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Modeling and analysis of large systems by bringing together a multitude of operations research techniques. Students will be exposed to unstructured problems particular in the areas of telecommunications and energy systems and will operate in teams to understand the problem, to transform it into a model, to bring a solution to the model using appropriate solution techniques, translate the model solution to problem solution.
Financial Engineering	MS 412	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course serves as a comprehensive introduction to derivative securities and their applications in financial engineering. Forward contracts, futures, options, and swaps are the focal point of the course. While the main emphasis is on the use of derivatives as risk-transferring/ minimizing devices, valuations of such contracts are also included. In addition to hedging strategies to be created by any of the derivative securities, various trading strategies involving options (spreads and combinations) are presented. A solid coverage of no-arbitrage-based pricing is provided as the common underlying premise to valuing derivative securities. Cost-of-carry valuation of forwards and futures, binomial pricing of options, dynamic delta-hedging, the Black-Scholes option pricing formula, basic numerical methods (such as Monte Carlo simulation), and swap pricing are introduced.
Information Systems	MS 413	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the principles and practices in the design and use of computer-based information in today's enterprises; software and hardware used in information systems; language types; database management and security requirements; management of information systems and computer technology; applications in different industries and future directions.
Manufacturing Strategies	MS 414	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Methods and means for the formulation of manufacturing strategies for securing long term competitiveness of the company; the alignment of manufacturing strategies with the business and technology strategies of the company; use of balanced scorecard in strategy building; case studies.
Decision Support Systems	MS 415	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	A Decision Support System is the marriage of Information Technology and Operations Research. A typical DSS includes a database, a model base, a knowledge base and a graphical user interface (GUI). The course includes a brief introduction of database management systems (relational databases, SQL), optimization techniques, spreadsheet based optimization, and review of relevant AI techniques that would be crucial to develop the model base; knowledge acquisition and knowledge representation, probabilistic and approximate reasoning as the basis of the knowledge base and GUI development. The course will also include the discussion of DSSs for a number of application domains, chosen to illustrate principles of system development, such as the health care applications, portfolio optimization, production and distribution systems, and information systems for top management. The learning outcome of the course is to learn how to couple the IT tools with the optimization tools in real world problems, particularly in manufacturing and service systems.
Facilities and Material Handling Design	MS 417	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Concepts and techniques for analyzing, designing, and selecting facilities and material handling systems; analytical methods and computer-based approaches to determine optimal facility locations; facility systems design; layout planning; material handling systems design; warehouse storage policies; global issues.
Manufacturing Processes II	MS 418	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Overview of machine tools, CNC, cutting tools, and CAD/CAM; analytical methods in manufacturing processes; analysis of force, power, stress, temperature , vibrations etc. in manufacturing processes; recent and future trends in manufacturing processes: high speed machining, sensor-assisted and unattended manufacturing; case studies from tool and die, automotive and aerospace industries.Lab: NC programming demonstration; force, vibration etc. measurements on machine tools.
Total Quality Management	MS 419	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to the philosophy and concepts of total quality management; implementation of total quality management in relation to change management; managing implementation of total quality management as a project; self-assessment methods; investigation of various quality award schemes; the product development cycle, root cause analysis, peer reviews, monitoring and tracking, the review process, establishment of quality assurance entities; introduction to the Capability Maturity Model; case studies.
Storage and Distribution Systems	MS 420	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Planning, design, and analysis of storage and distribution systems; conventional versus automated methods; assessing and optimizing system performance; heuristic dispatching algorithms; packaging and bundling; vehicle routing algorithms; fleet design; global issues in storage and distribution; web based approaches.
Stochastic Models in Finance	MS 422	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to introduce basic stochastic models and techniques used in mathematical finance. The first half of the course is dedicated to discrete-time models, the other half to their continuous-time counterparts. The topics covered include pricing and hedging in binomial models and Black-Sholes models, fundamental theorems of asset pricing, martingales, Brownian motion, stochastic integration, Itô rule. Depending on the progress in class, we also briefly discuss SDE?s as they appear in continuous-time models.
Computational Operations Research	MS 425	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The course is based on case-study teaching where computerized implementations of the various topics in Operations Research and Systems Engineering are studied. A case study is investigated for a period of two-to-three weeks and the students will be working in groups of 3-4 members. Each case study contains two or three different topics that require different skills and background. The following topics are covered in case studies: data analysis, descriptive statistics and statistical inference; probability distributions and stochastic processes; forecasting, production planning and scheduling; problems in network design and transportation logistics, warehouse management; demand and revenue management; simulation; decision analysis. Each case study is designed to integrate these different topics with a systematic approach.
Logistics Systems Planning and Design	MS 430	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Planning and analysis of logistics systems; data collection methods; facility location/allocation; comparative analysis of different transportation modes and intermodal transportation; fleet planning and vehicle allocation; vehicle routing; other issues such as third party logistics; reverse logistics; vendor managed inventory; collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment; e-business and its impact on logistics.
Stochastic Models in Finance	MS 432	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to introduce basic stochastic models and techniques used in mathematical finance. The first half of the course is dedicated to discrete-time models, the other half to their continuous-time counterparts. The topics covered include pricing and hedging in binomial models and Black-Sholes models, fundamental theorems of asset pricing, martingales, Brownian motion, stochastic integration, Itô rule. Depending on the progress in class, we also briefly discuss SDE?s as they appear in continuous-time models.
Data Visualization and Analysis	MS 451	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to styles of data analysis techniques and information visualization; Histograms, stem and leaf diagrams, boxplots, quantile plots; assessing distributional assumptions about data; Plotting high- dimensional data with special emphasis on parallel coordinate plots, scatter matrices, star glyphs, treemaps; Class project with real-world data-set provided by the instructor or developing information visualization software program.
Supply Chain Analysis	MS 454	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Case studies featuring mathematical modeling and managerial discussion of supply chains. Application of production and operations management tools in analyzing real-world supply chain problems. Product development, capacity, distribution, inventory deployment, risk management, quality, service, coordination (information sharing and contracting), and information technology in supply chain management.
Special Topics in Manufacturing Systems Engineering	MS 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Manufacturing Systems Engineering II	MS 481	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Special Topics in Manufacturing Systems Engineering III	MS 482	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Science of Nature I	NS 101	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Science of Nature courses aim to initiate a curiosity and desire for learning “scientific thinking” in students and at the same time to introduce some of the basic concepts of physical, chemical and biological sciences in connection with questions concerning the universe, nature and our daily life. The NS 101 course consists of two modules “(1) Are we alone in the universe?” and “(2) Is antibiotics resistance a big threat to the existence of humankind?” Scientific methodology and fundamental concepts in the physical, chemical, and biological sciences are introduced through an integrated approach in the framework of these questions. Upon completing NS 101, students will be able to: 1. Demonstrate skills for critical thinking, reasoning and problem solving through integration of different concepts and information. 2. Distinguish among scientific laws, hypothesis and theory and use them to differentiate facts from fiction. 3. Apply mathematical concepts to solve quantitative problems. 4. Demonstrate fundamental knowledge of the terminology, major concepts and theories of one or more fields in physical, chemical, and biological sciences. 5. Describe the role of science and technology, and develop skills for communicating scientific concepts and facts to society in general. 6. Demonstrate professionalism and ethics when using scientific approach to make informed decision in daily life situations.
Science of Nature II	NS 102	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Science of Nature courses aim to initiate a curiosity and desire for learning “scientific thinking” in students and at the same time to introduce some of the basic concepts of physical, chemical and biological sciences in connection with questions concerning the nature and our daily life. The NS 102 course consists of two modules: “(1) Are humans causing climate change?” and “(2) Can we ever comprehend the workings of the brain?” Scientific methodology and fundamental concepts in the physical, chemical, and biological sciences are introduced through an integrated approach in the framework of these questions. Upon completing NS 102 students will be able to: 1. Demonstrate skills for critical thinking, reasoning and problem solving through integration of different concepts and information. 2. Distinguish among scientific laws, hypothesis and theory and use them to differentiate facts from fiction. 3. Apply mathematical concepts to solve quantitative problems. 4. Demonstrate fundamental knowledge of the terminology, major concepts and theories of one or more fields in physical, chemical, and biological sciences. 5. Describe the role of science and technology, and develop skills for communicating scientific concepts and facts to society in general. 6. Demonstrate professionalism and ethics when using scientific approach to make informed decision in daily life situations.
Einstein's Relativity	NS 200	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Galilean Relativity and its incompatibility with electrodynamics. Einstein's reformulation of The Relativity Principle and its consequences such as frame-dependent simultaneity of events, dilation of time intervals and contraction of lengths, Lorentz transformations. The interchangeability of mass and energy. The equivalence of accelerating frames and gravitational fields, aspects of General relativity and Cosmology. The treatment emphasizes physical ideas rather than mathematics, in particular, no knowledge of Calculus is needed. A popular-level book from 1916 by Einstein will be the main text.
Discovering Life	NS 201	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of this course to give students a broad and comprehensive background in biology, and thus to prepare them for entry into biology-oriented programs in the Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences. The course includes an introduction to cell biology, genetics, structure and function of microbes, animals and plants. Growth and development of animals and plants will be covered in more detail. Evolution of plant and animal diseases as well as the biotechnological applications will be introduced. The course provides a solid basis for more advanced studies in all areas modern biology.
Biochemistry I	NS 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Chemical nature of cellular components; enzymes and mechanism of enzyme activity; energy interconversions and biosynthetic reactions, including template dependent reactions, and some aspects of control mechanisms. Weekly laboratory session introduces the major experimental tools used in modern biology. Also part of the "core course" pools for the BIO, MAT degree programs.
Physical Chemistry I	NS 203	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics. Properties of gases; physical and chemical tranformations of matter; electrochemistry; quantum theory; atomic structure and spectra; molecular structure. Statistical thermodynamics. Kinetic theory of gases; ion transport and diffusion. Rates of reactions; molecular dynamics; catalysis. Also part of the "core course" pools for the BIO, MAT degree programs.
Quantum Physics	NS 204	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Review of classical mechanics. Wave-particle duality. Schrodinger's equation, with the harmonic oscillator as an example. The concept of a wave function for particles and fields. The free particle and a particle in a box. The three dimensional harmonic oscillator. Identical particles and indistinguishability. Bosons and Fermions. The wave functions for the hydrogen atom. Many-electron atoms. The rotation and vibration of molecules. Normal coordinates in classical and quantum mechanics. The structure of simple molecules. Applications of quantum mechanics to problems in physics, chemistry, biology and engineering. Also part of the "core course" pool for the MAT, EL degree program.
Dynamics of the Cell	NS 205	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Patterns of life processes and their generation at cellular level. Structure, function and synthesis of nucleic acids, proteins; function of cellular structures and compartments; flow of energy, cell cycle and cell signalling. Also part of the "core course" pool for the BIO degree program.
What is There in the Universe: Inside the Milky Way?	NS 206	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The structures of the Milky Way starting from the solar system: the sun and the planets. Stars and star clusters. How does a star shine - stellar structure and evolution. End points of stellar evolution - black holes, white dwarfs and neutron stars. Methods of observation across the electromagnetic spectrum. Satellite observatories and space research.
Organic Chemistry	NS 207	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The physical and chemical properties and reactions of organic compounds such as saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols and carboxylic acids.
General Biotechnology	NS 208	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	History of biotechnology; basic principles of recombinant DNA technology; large scale cultivation of microorganisms and commercial exploitation of microorganisms; bioremediation; principles and applications of animal cell culture; monoclonal antibodies; transgenic animals; human genome project and gene therapy; principles and applications of plant cell and tissue culture; plant genetic engineering and its potential in agricultural production.
What is there in the Universe: "Beyond the Milky Way"	NS 209	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The structures of the universe on the largest scales. Milky Way. Galaxies and galaxy clusters. Active galaxies and black holes. The Hubble Law. The cosmic microwave backround. Cosmology. Methods of observation across the electromagnetic spectrum. The early universe. The evolution of the universe.
Water: Its Physics, Nanophysics, Chemistry and Geopolitics	NS 210	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	I. The hydrological cycle. Global ocean surface and deep-sea currents. Volcanic island arcs. Last ice age, ice sheets, and glaciers. The oceanic microbial soup. II. Rivers and craters on Mars. Surfaces of Jupiter's moons Ganymede, Callisto, and Europa. III. Phase diagram of water. The water molecule. The hydrogen bond. Structures of liquid water and ice. Snowflakes and dendrides. Computer models. Anomalies of water. Incipient liquid-liquid criticality in water. IV. Flow through nanotubes. Water in biological systems. V. Urban distribution of water in Istanbul through history. Geopolitics of water.
Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Rocks ( Understanding the Earth)	NS 212	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Earth sciencesis a complex,integrated system of related parts.Interactions of these has resulted a dynamically changing planet and as commonly occured in our country generates volcanoes, earthquakes,and variety of rocks.In this course such interactions and the consequent products will be reviewed and exemplified from Türkiye
Basic Concepts of Physics for Scientists and Engineers	NS 213	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All BIO FENS students are required to complete an internship project (BIO 395) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their BSc degrees. The main objectives of the internship project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first-hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the internship projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled in. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a BIO Diploma Program in order to register for this course. See the Internship Project Guideline for further details.
Oscillations, Waves and Optics	NS 214	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Linear oscillators. Coupled oscillators and normal modes with mechanical and electromagnetic examples. Inertia, restoring force and damping. Driven systems and resonance. The continuum limit. Waves and wave equations. Dispersion relations. Phase. Interference and diffraction. Wave packets. Impedance, reflection, absorption and transmission. Polarization. Geometrical optics. Brief introduction to nonlinearity.
Life on Earth	NS 216	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of this course is to give students an appreciation of how living beings work at the macroscopic level and how they are evolutionarily related. The topics of the course will include development, evolutionary processes, diversity of life, plant and animal systems, animal behavior, and ecosystems.
Fundamentals of Nanoscience	NS 218	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Physical principles operative in the 1-100 nm size range. Detailed study of the physics governing behavior of molecules or clusters of molecules at this scale. Inter and intramolecular interactions. Forces driving molecules to flow. Water as a solvent. Self-assembly of molecules.
World Energy Outlook: The Coming Year	NS 220	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The analysis of the world energy outlook in each coming year will be studied: Scope and methodology. Global energy trends this year. Natural gas market outlook. Coal market outlook. Power sector outlook. Renewable energy outlook. Energy efficiency outlook. Energy and competitiveness. Case study, e.g. Brazil. From oil resources to reserves. Prospects for oil supply. Prospects for oil demand. Implications for oil refining and trade.
Planetary Systems and Extrasolar Planets	NS 222	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of this course is to introduce general principles of planet formation, dynamics of the solar system and recent scientific progress in extra-solar planet search. The course material will be covered in three modules: 1) Formation of planetary systems: general properties of a planetary system, protoplenetary disks, formation of the central star, formation and growth of planetesimals, evolution of planetary systems. 2) The solar system: general and dynamical properties of our solar system, fundamental characteristics of the major members; the Sun, eight planets and dwarf planets. 3) Extrasolar planets: a short history of their discovery, detection techniques and observational biases, their physical properties, their implications and future prospects, formation of life forms on a distant planet.
Environmental Science	NS 223	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In this course, major environmental problems are discussed and are evaluated from an ecological perspective. Among those dıscussed are: Effects of agriculture on the environment, eco-toxicology, in-door and outdoor pollution, species extinction and preservation, global warming and its consequences, alternative energy sources, risk management and ecosytem evaluations.
Urban Agriculture	NS 224	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	People living in urban areas are alienated from nature. The main goal of this course is to demonstrate plant cultivation processes to the people who live in the cities. In this course, agricultural production systems; basic physiological concepts; plant nutrition and compost making; irrigation; plant protection; how small places are transformed into production areas; post-harvest handling of the produced items until etc. will be covered. As the course is applied, different of aspects of urban agriculture will be practiced by the students at the on-campus garden.
Special Topics in NS: Astrobiology Fundamentals and Contemporary Research Topics	NS 48000	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	This course aims to introduce the fundamental aspects of astrobiology, which is an interdisciplinary field of research, searching primarily for the origin of life on Earth, as well as searching for any signatures of life elsewhere. Astrobiology also includes technological research fields, especially related to travelling and living in extreme environments, such as Mars. These technological developments would also be beneficial for our well-being on this planet in the future. This course will not only introduce the current knowledge of the origin and evolution of life on Earth, and also provide up-to-date information about searching life forms outside Earth. The course will also include a term project in groups related to astrobiological research.
Operations Management	OPIM 301	Sabancı Business School	Operations management encompasses decisions related with the production of goods and services. This course exposes the students to issues such as product and process design, capacity planning, inventory planning, and quality management at varying levels of decision making from strategic to operational. In addition to the introduction of basic concepts, analytical tools for supporting good decision-making are also introduced.
Management Information Systems	OPIM 302	Sabancı Business School	This course provides a broad introduction to management of information systems. The course discusses tools and techniques for analyzing, designing, building and implementing information systems, taking into account both technological and business factors. Interaction between information systems, competitiveness and organizational design are also covered.
Introduction to Business Analytics	OPIM 390	Sabancı Business School	As an introductory course to this Minor Honors Program, the course will cover topics on the conceptual framework of business analytics, various sectoral application areas and a general introduction to analytical methods used. The course will also cover success stories from different sectors where business analytics is applied, and big data analytics in general, including its application areas, as a new and emerging area of interest.
Supply Chain Management	OPIM 401	Sabancı Business School	Supply chain management emphasizes the coordination of all activities carried out for the supply of goods and services. The course introduces the importance of coordination between different parties in the supply chain from suppliers (and their suppliers) to customers (and their customers). Topics include demand forecasting, aggregate planning, purchasing, inventory management, warehousing, and distribution planning.
Optimization Modeling in Business Analytics	OPIM 402	Sabancı Business School	This course provides a detailed introduction to solving managerial problems using various optimization techniques. The aim is to show why and how certain types of deterministic optimization models can be used to assist decision makers make better decisions. Hence, the focus is on teaching a wide variety of applications. Problems from different domains of management, such as operations management, marketing and finance are modeled and solved. The optimization techniques covered are linear programming, linear integer programming, nonlinear programming, and evolutionary algorithms.
Service Operations Management	OPIM 403	Sabancı Business School	The goal of this course is to introduce the students to the unique characteristics of services and the role of operations management in improving the effectiveness and productivity of service operations. The emphasis is on tools and techniques that are almost exclusively used in the services. Some of the topics covered in the course are new service development, service quality, locating service facilities, managing supply and demand in services, and managing waiting lines.
Business Process Analysis and Design	OPIM 404	Sabancı Business School	This course presents the concepts and tools required for analyzing and designing business processes. It emphasizes the process view of organizations and how to manage processes based on this view. Important process performance measures, process redesign and the associated organizational implications are discussed. Basics of event simulation are introduced to provide students with a strong process analysis methodology. Simulation software is utilized to provide students with hands on experience.
Management Decision Support Systems	OPIM 405	Sabancı Business School	This course presents an overview of decision support methodologies and emphasizes the design of decision support systems using management science models such as production planning, logistics, employee scheduling, stock trading simulation, and portfolio optimization. These systems are developed using Microsoft Excel and VBA. VBA fundamentals are also covered in the course.
Customer Relationship Management using Location Intelligence	OPIM 406	Sabancı Business School	This course combines customer relationship management (CRM), a key notion in modern-day customer-centric marketing activities, with the emerging field of location intelligence, i.e. use of location data in business decision making. The course is co-taught with a Division Manager in banking industry who is also a CRM expert. After introducing fundamental concepts in CRM as well as geographic data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), the instructors cover several banking cases where location information is used in CRM and marketing activities, campaigns and promotions to increase the accuracy of customer segmentation and targeted marketing. A leading GIS software package is used throughout the course for hands-on exercises and project work. The final deliverable of the course is a project analysis team report.
Advanced Business Analytics	OPIM 407	Sabancı Business School	The main objective of this course is to present predictive and prescriptive analytics tools in the context of business cases, with an emphasis on implementing analytical approaches within an organization. Throughout this course, students will learn: use tools and ideas from Analytics and R’s environment to solve interesting and exciting business problems; learn how to formulate relevant business questions that can be answered using data; understand the various steps of data preparation like data cleaning and feature extraction; develop and test hypotheses to inform managerial decisions and to collaborate meaningfully with multiple stakeholders; evaluate the effectiveness of a solution through statistical learning methods (supervised & unsupervised methods); communicate results to both technical and non-technical audiences.
Retail Operations and Marketing Analytics	OPIM 408	Sabancı Business School	This course aims to provide a thorough understanding of the main functions of retail operations and marketing analytics. In the first part of the course, we will deal with the two major themes of retail operations: assortment planning and product life cycle planning. In assortment planning, the goal is to learn how to determine the set of products a retailer should carry for a store, and how to manage inventory levels of each product in a store. In product life cycle planning, the objective is to arm students with an overall understanding of forecasting, inventory management, and markdown pricing. We will also discuss how to make data-driven decisions in retail operations. In the second part of the course, we will discuss how to summarize marketing data in MS Excel. We will then learn how to estimate demand and make pricing decisions by using MS Excel. Then, we will study how to develop forecasting methods with MS Excel. We, finally turn our attention to market basket and RFM analyses.
Project Management	OPIM 409	Sabancı Business School	This course introduces students to the theory and practice of project management. This course examines the management of complex projects and the tools are available to assist managers with such projects. Some of the specific topics we will discuss include project life cycle models, work break down structure, organization break down structure, cost break down structure, graphical presentations and precedence diagramming, network analysis and scheduling techniques, concepts of system life cycle costing, and cost estimation methods and trade-off analysis, risk management, and monitoring and control.
Decision Making Under Uncertainty	OPIM 410	Sabancı Business School	This course introduces the theory and practice of decision processes under uncertainty. Under this main topic, it covers such sub-topics as the use of decision trees and influence diagrams in solving decision-making problems, assessing probabilities while modeling under uncertainty, analysis using Bayesian statistical models, value of sampling and perfect information, attitudes towards risk, and the utility theory.
Fashion Industry Operations and Pricing	OPIM 411	Sabancı Business School	For over a decade, the fashion industry has been moving towards a global model, which has brought about the need for advanced operations management and pricing methods. This course aims to provide an introduction to these applications. In the first part of the course, an overview of the global fashion retail industry will be provided, with focus on different business models. In the second part of the course, each part of the fashion industry value chain will be discussed, including innovation and new product development in fashion, supply chain management applications in fashion retail, consumer segmentation and pricing, logistics in fashion retail and distribution strategies, brand positioning, extension and growth and customer relationship management.
Strategic Procurement	OPIM 412	Sabancı Business School	The goal of this course is to examine the effects of operational, tactical and strategic purchasing processes and supplier relationship management on organizational performance. Topics covered include purchasing processes, supplier selection and evaluation, supplier relationship management, global sourcing and risk management, supplier involvement in new product development, and sustainable purchasing.
Markov Decision Processes	OPIM 415	Sabancı Business School	Markov Decision Processes (MDP) is a decision-making framework solved by dynamic programming. This powerful mathematical tool optimizes decisions in situation where the state of the system dynamically evolves and the decision maker is not in full control of the outcome of her actions. This course is divided in three parts. The first part will focus on modelling business and engineering situaitions via MDPs. Problems such as inventory management, healthcare and medical decision-making, revenue management and production planning and control will be discussed and modelled as MDP. The second part discusses popular and effective solution algorithms such as linear programming, value iteration and policy iteration. Finally, in the third part scientific literature on various applications of MDPs is reviewed and open problems are discussed.
Quality Improvement with Six Sigma	OPIM 416	Sabancı Business School	Six Sigma is a disciplined and data-driven methodology for eliminating defects and improving the quality of processes and products, from manufacturing to transactional and from tangible goods to services. This course provides a thorough understanding of the Six Sigma methodology and its applications throughout the organization. Each of the five phases of DMAIC roadmap namely, Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve & Control along with their appropriate tools and techniques are instructed in depth and along with real case examples. At the end of this course, the students will have enough experience to become a team member in a Six Sigma DMAIC project at the Green Belt level and be able to run a small sized project.
Selected Topics in Operations Management I	OPIM 450	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Operations Management II	OPIM 451	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Management Information Systems I	OPIM 452	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Management Information Systems II	OPIM 453	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Operations Management Seminars	OPIM 491	Sabancı Business School	Operations Management Seminars course involves a series of seminars to introduce students to more advanced operations management topics and techniques. Some possible areas covered are supply chain management, facilities location and design, transportation planning, data analytics, optimization, and simulation.
Operations Management Seminars II	OPIM 492	Sabancı Business School	Operations Management Seminars II course involves a series of seminars to introduce students to more advanced operations management topics and techniques. Some possible areas covered are supply chain management, facilities location and design, transportation planning, data analytics, optimization, and simulation.
Organizations and Organizing	ORG 301	Sabancı Business School	This course on theories of organizations and organizing introduces students to core concepts that are used in studying organizations, such as those of external environments; goals, strategies, and effectiveness; technology; and organizational structures. It explores historical themes and current directions in research on issues that are key to organizational functioning, such as decision-making; conflict; control; power and politics.
Organizational Behavior	ORG 302	Sabancı Business School	This course discusses individual attitudes and behavior within organizational contexts, processes such as perception, learning and motivation; group processes; leadership, organizational culture, organizational change and the effects of societal culture on work-related attitudes.
Human Resources Management	ORG 401	Sabancı Business School	This course discusses the role of the human resources function in organizations. Topics covered include methods and uses of job analysis, recruitment and selection of employees, employee training and development, appraising employee performance, management of rewards and benefits, industrial and labor relations in Türkiye and in the world.
Organizational Design	ORG 402	Sabancı Business School	Students observe and analyze organizations in this course, applying the concepts and theoretical frameworks they learned in Org 301. In particular, they learn to describe the basic elements of organization design (architecture, human resource systems, networks, and culture) and analyze the alignment of these elements with an organization's goals. Throughout the semester, students work in teams to analyze the design of a local organization, typically a firm that they pick.
Cross-Cultural Management	ORG 403	Sabancı Business School	This main objective of this course is to introduce students to the area of cross-cultural management. By learning about the dilemmas and opportunities that are presented in international and multi-cultural work environments, students will be better able to function in an increasingly global business environment. Special emphasis will be placed on the management of people and groups in international organizations. To this end, the major dimensions of cultural variation will be outlined and cross cultural theoires will be introduced to enhance personal and other people’s performance in cross-cultural work situations.
Creativity & Leading Innovations	ORG 404	Sabancı Business School	The focus of this course is on the key concepts, models and methods that enable managers to enhance creativity in organizations and to develop an innovative idea of products and services. The goal of this course is to develop a critical mindset about creativity and innovation as complex processes, with a comprehensive review of tools and academic literature. For instance, the course will enable participants to understand the key success factors of innovation and creativity, to apply different idea generation techniques or to transform an idea into a business plan. In short, the participants will obtain the knowledge and practices to enhance innovative capacity within the workplace.
Selected Topics in Organizations I	ORG 450	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Selected Topics in Organizations II	ORG 451	Sabancı Business School	Topics of these courses will be announced when they are offered.
Basic Persian I	PERS 110	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students acquire general communicative competence based on comprehension of basic written and spoken texts. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication in the Persian language. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. At the end of the course, student will have a range of Persian vocabulary as well as understanding the links between Persian Turkish and other Western Languages.
Basic Persian II	PERS 120	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of PERS 110 and the aims is to help students to improve the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. It also aims to raise students’ awareness of the processes involved in learning to communicate. By the end of this level, students will basically be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures. Besides, students will have some ideas on Iranian scholars and the interactions between Persian culture, Turkish and other Western cultures.
Intermediate Persian I	PERS 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Persian Pre- intermediate I course. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills. At the end of the course, students will have basic information on Persian grammar and daily conversation. They can easily ask and answer simple questions. Besides, students will apperceive the relations between Persian, Turkish and Ottoman.
Intermediate Persian II	PERS 140	School of Languages	At this level, students consolidate their language knowledge and are provided with opportunities to practice their language skills. They work with a variety of text types, including newspaper and magazine articles. Besides, they will have basic knowledge about Persian Literature as well as being able to read and understand Persian verses such as Ferdowsi’s, Mevlana’s, Sa’di’s, Hafez’s etc. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely. At this level, students can bring some Persian materials to share with the group in the classroom.
Advanced Persian I	PERS 150	School of Languages	At this level, students consolidate their language knowledge and are ready to practice their language skills by using various vocabularies and expressions. Besides being able to read simple story books, They can also enjoy reading simple articles of magazines and newspapers. At this level, students have basic information about Iranian scholars. They can read simple poetry texts, magazines’ articles. Moreover, students are able to starts communication in simple Persian words. They can easily Express their feelings. By listening to a scientific program, they are able to understand the subject of discussions.
Advanced Persian II	PERS 160	School of Languages	At this level, students can easily understand any Persian conversations, as an audience, they can participate in (Persian speaking) conferences, they can take notes in Persian, ask and answer various questions and communicate with native Iranians. Students will be able to use various Persian books in libraries. They will have enough confidence to travel in Iran by using only Persian. At this stage, we will work on selected materials related to Persian history and culture. Students will be able to translate Persian texts in to English or their own language. We will have a free discussion classes and students are able to discuss different matters in Persian. Persian Instructor will just help students while necessary.
Beginning Persian I	PERS 301	School of Languages	Introduces students to the script and the basic grammar of Modern Persian. Emphasis on the development of reading skills with some attention to writing and oral comprehension.
Beginning Persian II	PERS 302	School of Languages
Intermediate Persian I	PERS 303	School of Languages	Intermediate Persian I Reinforcement of grammar and vocabulary to help students develop better reading fluency. Tailored for students in the Humanities and Social Sciences intending to take the reading proficiency test as a degree requirement. Focuses on selections from contemporary Iranian media and academic texts.
Fundamental Texts of Western	PHIL 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
Problems of Philosophy	PHIL 202	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to contemporary research on the central problems of philosophy such as the foundations of knowledge, the basis of morality, the existence of God, the relationship between mind and body, and the problem of free will.
Philosophy and Film	PHIL 224	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to discuss movies and read selected philosophical texts in search of answers to a number of interrelated questions such as: How are philosophical problems depicted and dealt with in motion pictures? How can philosophy help us understand and interpret various conceptual layers of visual narratives?
Moral Philosophy: Theory and Practice	PHIL 240	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to moral philosophy and its application to various aspects of human life. The first part of the course will cover main moral theories including consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics. The second part of the course will focus on specific issues of moral importance such as life and death decisions, our duties toward the poor and powerless, the moral status of animals, the meaning of life and how to live well.
Philosophy of Science	PHIL 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to the main issues and approaches in the philosophy of science. Topics to be covered are the origins, the nature and the aims of science; the problem of demarcation; the problem of induction; the nature of scientific explanation; the rationality of science and scientific objectivity; scientific method, theories and their testing; scientific revolutions; realism/anti-realism debate; and science and values.
Philosophy of Social Sciences	PHIL 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to the main issues and approaches in the philosophy of social sciences, with a focus on questions of methodology. These include whether social sciences employ a methodology different from that of the natural sciences; whether explanations in terms of reasons differ in any way from those in terms of causes; the nature of social reality; the relationship between individuals and social structures; the debate between methodological individualism and methodological holism; whether social sciences are value-free or not and the problem of objectivity. General approaches to be discussed are positivism, realism, the hermeneutical-interpretive and critical schools. These approaches and issues will be exemplified in the context of various social scientific disciplines.
Philosophy of Mind	PHIL 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to traditional and current topics in philosophy of mind and cognition. The first part of the course is devoted to the mind-body problem and classical responses to it like dualism, identity theory, and functionalism. The second part deals with two characteristic features of mind: intentionality and consciousness. Accounts to be discussed include representationalism and the computer model of mind, connectionism and neural networks, theories of mental content, theories of phenomenal consciousness.
Emotion and Reason	PHIL 313	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the relations between reason and emotion in moral cognition and cognition more generally, through the works of selected major philosophers and the findings of contemporary psychology and cognitive neuroscience.
Symbolic Logic	PHIL 321	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to formal logic. Topics to be covered include propositional logic and predicate logic.
Philosophy of Art	PHIL 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide both an introduction to philosophies of art and an opportunity to philosophise art, actual and perhaps imaginary: what has counted as art, for someone somewhere, as well as what might count as such. The aims of philosophy will be reviewed - such as truth, value, understanding - in the light of different works of art and different ways of understanding them. The aims, or ends, of art will also therefore be put in question.
Imagination and Play	PHIL 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course analyzes various aspects of imagination that puzzle philosophers and psychologists. It asks what kind of puzzles emerge when, for example, children pretend to be trains or to have a tea party, when we cry while watching a movie (although we know it is just fiction), when we resist imagining that killing babies on the grounds of their gender is good, or when philosophers believe to have disproven materialism by imagining a zombie (a creature that is identical to us except lacking consciousness). Special emphasis is put on pretend play which is considered to present one of the major skills of human mental development: Is children’s fantasy totally unconstrained? Do they know that they are only pretending? What is different in the imaginative capacities of autistic children? What happens when adults try to put themselves into another’s shoes?
Philosophy of Language	PHIL 330	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the major issues and approaches in philosophy of language in three parts: analytical philosophy of language, pragmatics, and philosophy of linguistics. The first part covers main theories of meaning, reference, and truth from Frege to Kripke. The second part covers theories of speech acts, implicature and related issues by such philosophers as Searle, Austin, and Grice. The final part is concerned with linguistic relativism, Saussure’s structuralism, and Chomsky’s generative grammar.
Bioethics	PHIL 340	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to the ethical issues that arise in the medical sciences and related fields. Topics to be covered include utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, euthanasia, ethical issues in cloning and genetic enhancements, ethics of biomedical research, justice in the distribution of healthcare, global justice, the social and political framework of biotechnological research, and human nature.
Philosophy of Biology	PHIL 342	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to the main issues in philosophy of biology. It begins by briefly explaining some of the fundamental matters in philosophy of science such as: scientific inquiry, the problem of demarcation, science and values, biology’s place in sciences and following these it opens up an examination of what life is. It then continues with introductions to major philosophical topics in biology such as: evolution, units of selection, genotype and phenotype, environment, innateness, epigenetics, developmental biology, genomics and phenomics, reductionism, complexity, biological laws, sociobiology and its controversies, biology and ethics. The course aims include encouraging students to discuss these topics as well as helping them to understand the main features of biology as a scientific discipline and also to familiarize themselves with philosophical problems related to methodologies of biology and its close connections with social issues.
Independent Study	PHIL 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Epistemology	PHIL 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the central issues in the theory of knowledge. Topics to be covered include the traditional analysis of knowledge, the Gettier problem, skepticism, coherentism, foundationalism, and reliabilism.
Personhood and Personal Identity	PHIL 421	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course pursues a philosophical inquiry into the significance of being a `person? and the conditions of personal identity, through a critical examination of some of the major theories on personal identity and personhood developed so far.
European Humanism and After	PHIL 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to offer insight in the humanist tradition in Europe (Vico, 19th century's historicism, 20th century's philology), with a focus on its "reactivation" by Edward Said before and after Orientalism. This will provide the opportunity to give some hints about humanist philosophy in the 20th century as well as anti-humanist thinking (e.g. Nietzsche, Foucault, Derrida). The stake is the necessity of producing a general critique of the philological enterprise in the last two centuries.
Art Analysis: Theory and Criticism	PHIL 433	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of the course is to introduce theories of aesthetics from its early formulations to the present day. The students will be informed about post-1945 art theories and critical movements such as structuralism, post-structuralism and feminist art. The connection and interdependency between art and theory in the same period will be discussed. Students will be encouraged to produce written pieces which critically evaluate artworks.
Science and Society	PHIL 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to study the two-way interaction between science and society. It aims to understand how science and science-driven technology change society and in turn how social factors influence them. Topics covered will include: the changing nature of scientific research, the challenges to formulating science policy in democratic societies, the comercialization of scientific research, how scientific controversies on matters of interest to the public are played out, and normative questions that these issues raise.
Oscillations, Waves and Optics	PHYS 210	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Linear oscillators. Coupled oscillators and normal modes with mechanical and electromagnetic examples. Inertia, restoring force and damping. Driven systems and resonance. The continuum limit. Waves and wave equations. Dispersion relations. Phase. Interference and diffraction. Wave packets. Impedance, reflection, absorption and transmission. Polarization. Geometrical optics. Brief introduction to nonlinearity.
Modern Physics	PHYS 211	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Hamilton's principle, Euler-Lagrange equations, conservation laws, integration of the equations of motion, Kepler's problem, collisions and scattering, small oscillations, rigid body motion, Hamilton's equations, canonical transformations, Hamilton-Jacobi equation.
Solid State Physics	PHYS 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Free electron theory of metals. Crystal lattices and structures. Band theory of solids. Physics of semiconductors. Transport and optical processes. Introduction to devices based on p-n junctions.
Quantum Mechanics I	PHYS 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The crucial experiments showing the failure of classical physics in explaining the properties of matter and radiation The postulates of quantum mechanics. Wave particle duality and the uncertainty relation.The time dependent and time independent Schrödinger equation. Symmetry and conservation laws. Basic features of the quantum mechanical world explored through one-dimensional problems: the harmonic oscillator, the square well and barrier, free and bound states. Energy quantization. Tunnelling. One dimensional periodic potentials, energy bands and band gaps.
Quantum Mechanics II	PHYS 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Three dimensional problems. Rotational symmetry, angular momentum, and the angular momentum eigenstates (the quantum numbers l, m). The Hydrogen atom. Atomic and molecular structure and spectra. The matrix formulation of quantum mechanics. Time independent and time dependent perturbation theory. The interaction of radiation with matter. Quantum statistics: bosons- the basic principle of the laser and of superconductivity- superfluidity. Fermions: the Pauli Principle. Scattering. Fundamentals of quantum mechanics and introduction to the concept of quantum computation.
Classical Mechanics	PHYS 312	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Generalized coordinates, Hamilton's principle, Euler- Lagrange equations, conservation laws, integration of the equations of motion, Kepler's problem, collisions, small oscillations, kinematics and dynamics of rigid body motion, Hamilton's equations, canonical transformations and Poisson brackets, Liouville's theorem, Hamilton-Jacobi equation, Special Relativity
Quantum Mechanics Laboratory	PHYS 313	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The objective of the course is to give the fundamentals of the kuantum physics by prforming experiments in the laboratory. Stefan-Boltzmann law, Balmer series of hydrogen, photoelectric effect, electron diffraction, Frank-Hertz Experiment, measurement of the charge/mass ratio of the electron, superconductivity, X-ray diffraction, X-Ray absorption and Moseley?s law, electron spin resonance, Hall effect, conductance quantisation, atomic spectra, Zeeman effect, determination of Planck's constant, radioactive decay.
Concepts of Modern Physics	PHYS 322	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Special relativity. Historical experiments and theoretical foundations in quantum mechanics. Quantum theory of light, blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton effect. Bohr model of atoms, Frank Hertz experiment. De Broglie waves, the wave particle duality, uncertainty principle. The Schrödinger equation. Tunneling phenomena. Quantization of angular momentum, electron spin. Pauli exclusion principle. Fundamentals of statistical physics, Maxwell Boltzmann distribution, indistinguishability and quantum statistics. Selected topics from atomic and solid state physics, complex systems, chaos, fractals.
Classical Mechanics	PHYS 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Generalized coordinates, Hamilton's principle, Euler- Lagrange equations, conservation laws, integration of the equations of motion, Kepler's problem, collisions, small oscillations, kinematics and dynamics of rigid body motion, Hamilton's equations, canonical transformations and Poisson brackets, Liouville's theorem, Hamilton-Jacobi equation, Special Relativity
Electromagnetic Theory I	PHYS 411	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Fundamentals of electromagnetism. Elektrostatics. Boundary value problems. Magnetostatics. Time-dependent fields and Maxwell's equations. Propagation of electromagnetic waves. Wave guides and resonant cavities.
Statistical Mechanics	PHYS 412	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The statistical basis of thermodynamics; basic probability concepts in statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics; elementary kinetic theory; classical microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles; classical ideal gas; equipartition of energy; quantum mechanical ensembles; ideal Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein systems, and some other applications.
Phase Transitions and Renormalization-Group Theory	PHYS 438	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The students will learn the remarkable phenomena occurring at phase transitions that are universally applicable to a wide range of systems, and simple and physically intuitive theory for deriving these phenomena. The dialog between experiment and theory, as well as the rich confluence of the intuitive, phenomenological, approximate, rigorous, and numerical approaches, will be illustrated: Introduction: phase diagrams, thermodynamic limit, critical phenomena, universality. Classical theories: naive mean-field, constructive mean-field, Landau theories; Ginzburg criterion. Ising models and exact results: one dimension; two dimensions; duality; global phase diagrams. Scaling theory of Kadanoff. Exact renormalization-group treatments in one dimension. Approximate renormalization-group treatments in two dimensions. Thermodynamic functions and first-order phase transitions. Momentum-space renormalization group: Gaussian model, Landau-Wilson model, epsilon-expansion. Variational renormalization group; Migdal-Kadanoff transformations. Hierarchical lattices. Dynamics: stochastic models; detailed balance; dynamic universality classes. Superfluidity. Blume-Emery-Griffiths model. Global multicritical phenomena. Surface systems. q-state Potts and Potts-lattice-gas models. Exact critical and tricritical exponents. Helicity and reentrance. Chaotic renormalization groups and spin-glass order. Order under frozen disorder and frustration. Scale-free and small-world networks. Connection between geometric and thermal properties. Neural networks, simulated annealing, coding-decoding, using phase transition models. Renormalization-group theory of quantum spin and electronic conduction models. High Tc superconductivity. Electron-exchange induced antiferromagnetism. Reverse impurity effects on antiferromagnetism and superconductivity.
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information	PHYS 484	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to quantum mechanics, quantum information, quantum cryptography, teleportation, quantum computation, quantum algorithms, error and error correction, quantum computers.
Modern Topics in Condensed Matter Physics	PHYS 492	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Nanostructure materials, quasi two dimensional systems and superlattices, quantum wires, quantum dots. Mesoscopic electron systems, coherent quantum transport, localization, universal conductance fluctuations, Bohm-Aharonov Effect. Single electron phenomena. Quantum Hall effects. Magnetism at nanoscale, spin transport. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and related techniques.
Political Participation	POLS 222	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is primarily designed to explore and engage with the questions we have deal with as citizens in a contemporary society. The special focus will be on the issue of political participation. Among the questions that will be addressed the following will be critical: Why should we care about political participation? What modes of political participation are available to citizens in a democratic society? Who should participate in the political process? What forms of political participation are desirable? What is the meaning of political participation to the citizen? Is political participation an end itself or is it an effective means towards achieving other ends? What is the impact of political participation on freedom and equality? Does political participation entail sacrifices from the citizens? Who or what may demand these sacrifices from the citizens and for what purpose? Is participatory democracy possible and desirable?
Comparative Politics	POLS 250	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In this course, some of the critical tools for comparative analysis will be introduced. The units of comparative analysis can vary. Sometimes what is compared is the historical transformation on the road to becoming nation-states which may shed some light onto different political regime outcomes in various countries. Comparative analysis is done through pattern depiction, for instance, in three different countries such as Germany, Italy, and Japan that have experienced fascist regimes. Students learn to see what these cases have in common in terms of their political transformation that explains the rise of fascism in these particular cases and not in others. It is through such analyses that students equip themselves with tools towards making predictions about political regime changes. In sum, it is such tools that make political analysis possible. This course involves an analysis of the major modes of transformation and political modernization leading to various regime outcomes in the twentieth century. In the first part of the semester, the meaning of pre-modern and modern politics will be unraveled and particular state-formation and nation-building processes will be studied in the Western European context. In the second part, some of the critical features of the emerging political ideologies that accompany these processes will be studied. The third part of the course will focus on comparative electoral systems, political party structures, the dynamics among the legislative, executive and judiciary bodies of government in key West European countries throughout the twentieth century.
Borders, Citizens, Immigrants, Refugees	POLS 251	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Citizenship is essentially a product of modern politics. This course will adopt a modernist interpretation of citizenship and will look at the evolution of the concept in the aftermath of the French Revolution. We will, first, look at the geneology of the concept and relate it to the various stages of nationalism. We will, then, unravel the relationship between citizenship and democratization by referring to various approaches to the concept of civil society.
Rights and Their History	POLS 252	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is an investigation into the origins and development of the idea of entitlement. In the first part of the course, first moral theories that allowed for rights and right-holders will be looked at. Then the progress of rights-talk by studying the various rights (such as rights to property, work and equal opportunity) that have emerged in social history and moral theory will be traced. In so doing, we will try to expose the enrichment in the notion of a right-holder (from the individual to groups, peoples and animals). Finally, some recent (academic) debates on the import and place of rights in contemporary societies as well as in moral theory will be considered.
Turkish State Structure	POLS 254	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is aiming at providing a complete outlook of Turkish State structure and the overall conditions of Turkish democracy. The course is designed to provide introductory and basic information on how the Turkish State is structured and operating. The course will also empower the participants with necessary knowledge and information to enable them to comprehend, to appraise and to assess the democratic institutions/processes of Türkiye. A special emphasis will be given to improvement of democratic conditions of the country. The course is targeted to those students who aspire to have BA degree in "Social and Political Sciences Program" (SPS) of the FASS of Sabanci University. In the course, the main principles of Turkish State and public administration will be explained and legislative, executive and judicial constituents of the Turkish State system as well as the Presidential component will be analysed. In addition to the central government bodies, the field organisation of the central government, spatial and service decentralisation institutions including local governments will also be dealt with. Organisational set up and administration/management of the national economy will also be analysed. The European Union enlargement procedures/conditions including the Copenhagen Criteria and their implications on the Turkish State structure and operations will also be evaluated.
Nations and Nationalism	POLS 271	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to interrogate some of the most recent and important theorizing on nationalism and see to what extent they make sense in various empirical contexts . The emphasis of the course will be on theorizing nationalism rather than producing quasi-naturalistic explanations of its emergence, success or failure. In addition to reviewing the major theoretical accounts of nations and nationalism, the course will also discuss a multiplicity of empirical cases from Eastern Europe, Middle East, ex-Soviet Union territories and China.
Project and Internship	POLS 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Political Theory I	POLS 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	All societies reflect on how to structure and govern common life, the values that ought to guide it, and the forces that shape it. This course surveys the varying answers given to these questions by different political philosophers such as Aristotle, Nizamülmülk, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Marx, Namık Kemal ve Mill.
Issues and Concepts in Political Philosophy	POLS 302	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a supplemental to SPS requirement course "Pols 301 Political Philosophy". The course will be thematically organized and will explore philosophical perspectives on such concepts like, will, freedom, modernity, authority, heroism, autonomy and power. Texts from ancient as well as modern (and post-modern) political thinkers will be employed to encourage students to address issues that are pertinent not only to "society at large" but also to their own individual political practice.
Elections And Political Participation	POLS 303	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to political participation in its conventional and unconventional forms. The course will take various perspectives on political modernization and the role attributed to different forms of participation or the lack thereof as its starting point. Mass elections and mass political violence will be discussed more in depth from the competing perspectives of modernization and rational choice literatures. Influential texts from the relevant literature will be used to guide the discussion towards a critique of the pioneering works and towards an evaluation of the current debates in the literature.
Comparative Party Systems and Interest Groups	POLS 304	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to introduce undergraduate students to theories and facts about political parties, comparative political party systems, interest or pressure groups, and interest group systems. The objective of the course is to teach students how organized political action takes shape, and how such action influence the structure of party and interest group systems.
Political Ideologies in Modern Türkiye	POLS 305	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will include a survey of the origins and evolution of various though currents in Türkiye such as liberalism, nationalism, conservatism, socialism and feminism. While delineating these currents of thought, main ideas of some key proponents of these ideologies such as Yusuf Akçura, Ziya Gökalp, Prens Sabahattin and Ahmet Ağaoğlu will be studied.
Politics of Regime Changes and Democratic Consolidation	POLS 306	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will analyze the theoretical literature on breakdowns of democratic regimes, transitions from authoritarian rule, and the consolidation of democratic systems. We will examine, among other topics, the causes of democratic regime breakdowns, the the factors that facilitate or impede transitions from authoritarian rule to democracy, the roles and strategies of key political actors in the process of regime changes, the implications of the institutional choices made during the transition for democratic consolidation, and the impact of international forces on democratization.
Politics of Development	POLS 307	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course studies the mechanisms through which societies and governments deal with the challenge of development. Following a brief discussion of the concept of development and various historical development strategies. The course focuses on the contemporary challenges of development: Inequality (including gender inequality and the politics of (re)distribution), economic instability, corruption, political environments where informal institutions are pervasive and rule of law is weak, and the sharing of natural resources (such as oil and water.) The course will conclude with an overview of how the international dimension has influenced the politics of development by focusing briefly on the impact of the Cold War, foreign power involvement and globalization
Religion and Politics	POLS 308	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides a broad introduction to relations between religion and politics. Different social scientific approaches to understand the phenomenon of religion are reviewed with a comparative methodological perspective. Different country experiences are discussed at length within the framework of secularization literature.
Politics of Southern Europe	POLS 348	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The European countries that lie at the Southern flanks of the continent share common political, economic, and cultural aspects that set them apart from their Western neighbors. For instance, they consolidated their democracies later and, with the exception of Italy, joined the European Community around thirty years after its creation. This course will study the politics, society, and economy of Portugal, Spain, Italy, and Greece from a comparative perspective. First, the state structure, party politics, and electoral systems of the Southern European countries will be introduced. Second, the causes, policies, and the collapse of the interwar authoritarian regimes of Salazar, Franco, Mussolini, and Metaxas will be examined. In this context, special emphasis will be given to how democracy consolidated in Southern Europe. Continuing political problems, such as Basque nationalism in Spain, the Sicilian mafia in Italy, and the Muslim minority in Greece will also be discussed. Finally, the course will conclude with the entrance of the Southern European countries to the European Community, their policies and roles within the Union, and the effects of the EU on Southern Europe.
Politics of South-East Asia	POLS 349	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Contemporary politics in Southeast Asia must be understood in light of colonialism, the nationalist movements that colonial rule in effect produced, and the geo-strategic imperatives of the cold war. Colonial rule defined the territorial boundaries and institutions of the modern state, nationalism provided a new political discourse and elite, and the cold war helped determine the nature of authority in post-colonial states. This course will examine the political landscape of Southeast Asia, paying particular attention to the historical conditions (colonialism, modernity, nationalism, war) which gave rise to the construction of Southeast Asia as a geo-political entity and to the boundaries and institutions of particular states. The course will focus on key themes such as: democratization and nationalism, the role of ethnic minorities, the political role of religion, etc
Transitions to Democracy in Eastern Europe	POLS 350	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is primarily designed to focus on the Eastern and Central European transformations to democracy. Thus, it aims to equip the students with a broad understanding of both "democratization" as a concept and how it was achieved in the post-communist Europe. Other examples of democratization in the world are also dealt within the course.
Dynamics of Political Change	POLS 351	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to focus on the relevant theories to political change in developing countries. The interaction between state and society and the theories that analyze political change will be studied thoroughly within the framework of the course. A theoretical structure will be drawn in order to understand the formation of diverse political structures and the dynamics of political change in several countries. There will also be specific references to the dynamics of political change in different geographica areas of the world, such as Europe, Asia and the Middle East
Turkish Politics I	POLS 352	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will focus on the problems of consolidation of democracy in Türkiye. It will begin with an historical background and then delve into analyses of the structure of the parliament, political parties, the bureaucracy, the military, and the civil society.
Turkish Politics II	POLS 353	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide a systematic review of major political developments in contemporary Türkiye. The main objective of the course is to analyze and discuss those political institutions, actors, and issues that have come to shape Turkish political life in the post- 1980 period. Focusing on substantive topics such as civil-military relations, rise of identity-politics, role of religion, elections, and political parties, we will study the country's transition to democratic rule after military rule and evaluate its performance over time. Special attention will be paid to regime change in recent years and its long-term political implications.
Politics of Migration	POLS 354	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Global migration has vastly increased, become more diverse and challenging the territorial, cultural and conceptual boundaries. This course explores the changing face, dilemmas and opportunities of migration in both receiving and sending states, emphasizing the political aspects of migration. The geographical and temporal focus may vary according to the instructor. The course examines why people move, the politics and policies of border control in the developed receiving states (e.g., USA, Canada, Western Europe) and how domestic and/or interstate developments such as European integration have changed the nature of migration policymaking. It addresses questions of immigrant integration and diversity and studies the benefits and challenges to receiving states. Special topics include emigration and development, remittances, brain drain, the role of sending state policies on state and identity formation and an analysis of the Turkish case as an example of a state facing the challenges of both emigration and immigration
Constitutional Law	POLS 364	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is aiming at providing introductory knowledge and information on the Constitutional Law in general, the Turkish Constitutional Law, and the overall characteristics and conditions of the Turkish democracy as well as the basic principles of law. The course will enable the participants to understand and learn the basics of constitutional law and to empower them to comprehend, appraise and assess the democratic institutions/processes of Türkiye.
Law and Politics	POLS 365	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is about how political dynamics shape courts and how courts, in turn, shape politics. The overarching goal of this course is to provide an introduction to judicial politics literature and explore the political determinants of judicial independence and empowerment. This course helps students understand why, when, and how courts function or fail to function as independent checks on government. In this regard, the course looks at how politics and inter-branch relations (executive and legislature) may or may not influence constitutional courts’ decisions and focuses on judicial review practices in developing democracies (including Türkiye). Focusing on international /supranational courts, the course also examines the willingness of states to engage in compliance and enforcement.
Special Topics in Political Science and International Relations	POLS 366	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The specific focus of the course will be announced each semester that it is offered. Special topics may vary but will draw from the fields of political science and international relations. Students are expected to study the relevant literature and acquire knowledge in the relevant field.
Liberalism and its Critics	POLS 372	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	There are two sets of fundamental questions this course aims to examine. The first set questions the basis of political obligation: How does a political community get constituted? What are the criteria by which a government can be judged to be "just"? What are the conditions under which civil disobedience is not only legitimate but also necessary? Reading Hobbes, Locke and Mill will help us to answer this first set of questions. The second set of problematize the basic assumptions of the liberal political philosophers. Particularly, the categories of the "individual" and "reason/rationality" come under close scrutiny through close readings of works by the likes of Adorno, Horkheimer and Foucault.
Environmental Policies	POLS 383	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	As in the majority of the nations of this Globe, more and more environmental managers and policy makers are needed in Türkiye who have been trained in dealing with the complexities of the analysis of environmental problems, pollution and environmental policy making. They are are supposed to operate effectively at the positions in governmental departments, private enterprises and non-governmental organisations. This course will aim at matching the need for academic specialist education who aspire to have a professional career in managerial and policy making position especially in international, national, central, regional and local governmental organisations as well as in private enterprises and in industry. The course will provide knowledge and insight that will play an important role in the development and evaluation of potential solutions for environmental problems to the participants. The overall target of this course will be the introduction of a spectrum of modern administrative, economic, financial, legal, management and institutional concepts, policies and management tools which are indispensable for environmental managers , engineers, experts of political sciences and experts of social sciences and public administrators whose range of duties includes environmental quality protection and enhancement tasks. The relations between human activities in society and the environment, the possibilities and restraints of technological solutions for environmental problems, the implementation and enforcement of policy instruments in theory and practice and methods used in policy design and policy evaluation will be mainly dealt with.
Environmental Planning and Management	POLS 384	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Environment is manageable. This should be the main principle for those who aspire to have a clean environment and to use the scarce resources to meet the needs of present generation without sacrificing the needs of the generations of tomorrow The overall objective of this course is to enable the participants - either in social or in engineering sciences- whose range of future professional duties might include environmental quality protection and enhancement tasks to and manage the environment at private or at public sector (local, provincial, regional, national and global levels) and therefore equip them with necessary and sufficient knowledge, information, understanding, know-how and skills. The course will cover the state-of-art technique and methods of contemporary environmental planning and management such as environmental standards, ISO 14000 series of "International Environmental Management Standards", environmental auditing, economic tools of environmental management, marketable pollution quotas, green taxes, waste markets, national/local agenda 21s, environmental impact assessment, environmental institutions at home and abroad Turkish environmental law and so many others.
Modern Dictatorships and the One-Party Period Political System in Türkiye	POLS 392	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course offers an in-depth study of the one-party period and political system in Türkiye placing it in its historical and political context, and introducing primary source materials. Contrasting political alignments had already emerged in the course of the War of Independence; their extensions and ramifications are pursued through the phase immediately preceding the creation of the Republic, down to the end of the Kemalist-dominated early Republican era. The political, cultural, economic and foreign policy dimensions of this entire period are viewed as a whole, though with specific emphasis on its political organizations. The experience of 20th century dictatorships like Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, or Spain under Franco are drawn upon in constructing a broad comparative framework.
Political Parties in Türkiye	POLS 393	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Within the framework of the historical past and developments of world political parties, Turkish political parties from the past to the present day, will be analysed from a comparative perspective. This analysis will include parties' organisations, their members, their activities, and will also stretch out towards political leadership, parliamentary activities, the sociological bases of political parties, elections and election systems. The relations between parties and regimes, between party systems and party structures will be touched upon. The reasons for the establishment of the political parties in Türkiye as well as their roots, will be taken up within a historical and political context, together with the way they all effect each other. The parties in Türkiye, the party programs, their rules and regulations, elections in Türkiye, analyses of the election results, the struggles between parties, ideologies, the influence of parties on one another, will be studied on the basis of political history and political science, and from a sociological viewpoint.
Independent Study	POLS 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Ancient, Medieval and Early Political Theory	POLS 400	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a chronological survey of the history of ncient Greek, medieval and early modern political thought. It begins with the Greek classics and covers the medieval thinkers and ends with Renaissance and the 16th century thinkers. Given more than two millennia between the first and the last, the course aims to place each thinker within the relevant historical context linking each with the past and present day discussions thus preparing the students for a sound evaluation of later stages of political theorizing.
Research Methods	POLS 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
Political Psychology	POLS 403	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides a broad introduction to the field of political psychology, including historical and contemporary perspectives, surveys the major theoretical approaches and reviews most important contemporary empirical findings. Political psychology, as a subfield of political science, investigates the psychological processes that influence political decision making, attitude formation, voter behavior including candidate and issue evaluations. Such processes include affective responses, information processing, group dynamics, political socialization, etc. Applications of political psychology extend from the analysis of individuals' political attitudes (e.g. candidate evaluations, prejudice towards ethnic, religious and social minorities, etc.) to elite decision making in major international crisis
Comparative Party Systems and Electoral Behavior	POLS 404	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to introduce undergraduate students to theories and facts about political parties, comparative political party systems, interest or pressure groups, and interest group systems. The objective of the course is to teach students how organized political action takes shape, and how such action influence the structure of party and interest group systems.
Political Thought: Issues, Concepts, Debates	POLS 405	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to introduce some of the main concepts, theories and debates in political thought. The focus of the course is to provide a seminar in which students can wrestle with some of the fundamental questions that political scientists ask themselves. Hence, the course's aims are two-fold: To give the students a chance to familiarize themselves with major theories and debates in political philosophy, and to encourage analytical and critical skills on the subject.
Greek-Turkish Relations	POLS 409	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Beginning with the Greek independence in 1830, this course will first trace the development of Greek-Turkish relations in their historical, political, and ideological context and examine, in particular, the influence of nationalism on the Ottoman Empire and the Balkans, the effects of the resulting myths and narratives on nation-building, and the perceptions that define identity politics. Against this background, the course will then focus on the foreign policy of both Greece and Türkiye; major bilateral issues between the two countries, the effect of Cyprus and the influence of the European Union on the bilateral relations; the new geopolitical environment of the two countries in which the recent détente took rise; and policy alternatives for the near future.
American Politics and Government	POLS 410	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a course for senior and advanced students who are interested in the intricacies and the uniqueness of American democracy and its historical development. In addition to the analysis of American political institutions, special emphasis will be given to cultural, historical, social and economic factors that contribute to the uniqueness of the American experiment. Students who have already taken courses in comparative government and international relations will preferably be allowed to register. In the case of students of other programs demonstration of substantial interest and POLS 250 and IR 201 are prerequisites for the course.
Philosophical Approaches to Modernity	POLS 421	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The primary goal of this course is to provide an introduction to the problems posed by the notion of "modernity", and the different approaches that attempt to conceptualize and criticize it. The focus will be on three main philosophical approaches; critical, hermeneutical and genealogical. By relying mainly on primary sources, the course will attempt to thoroughly explore each of these understandings. The focus will be on their respective methodologies as well as on their substantive claims about the modern period. Furthermore, the course will also explore how these three approaches engage and criticize each other.
Politics and Culture	POLS 422	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a survey of theories that take “culture” seriously and regard it as a determining factor in the shaping of political phenomena. These are theories that emphasize the relevance of shared beliefs, ideologies, values or behavior patterns for making sense of political processes, events and institutions . The course draws on philosophical as well as empirical literature in this field. Course readings include works by Herder, Marx, Weber, Geertz, Almond, Putnam and Inglehart, among others
Civil Society	POLS 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course will have a twin foci: On the one hand, we will examine various theoretical formulations of the notion of civil society. We will study writings by classical liberal theorists as well as their critique from Hegelian and Marxist perspectives. On the other hand, we will engage the empirical, comparative analyses of civil society and discuss related issues of democratization, multiculturalism public sphere and identity politics. The experiences of East European and Middle East/North African countries (including Türkiye's) will receive special attention. The intention of the course is to bring the theoretical and empirical aspects of the debates on civil society together in an attempt to clarify and critically appropriate this often-used but ill-understood concept.
Continental Political Thought	POLS 426	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a critical study of some of the key concepts and theories that underlie most of political theorizing in Continental Europe since 19th century. Special emphasis will be placed on German and French traditions. The basic aim of the course is to elucidate the historical linkages and trajectories of different strands of political thought and thus to understand the distinctive features of Continental political theory traditions. Readings include selections from Kant, Hegel, Freud, Heidegger, and Baudrillard
Governance, Politics and Public Policy	POLS 431	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Global trends pertaining to public administration and policy process ( with particular emphasis on OECD and the EU ); challenges to government and government failure ( patronage, nepotism, clientelism, corruption ); key concepts related to the policy process ( governance, bureaucratic politics, institutional analysis, instrumental approach, rational choice, ); stages of the policy making process ( problem identification, formulation of policy alternatives, policy adoption and legitimization , implementation, evaluation ); case studies
Formal Modelling and Political Analysis I	POLS 434	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to provide an introduction to deductive theory and formal modelling. Topics covered include elementary decision theory, game theory and theory of social choice, with no mathematical prerequisites assumed expect high school algebra.
Governance of the Turkish Metropolis	POLS 440	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The Course will commence with a discussion of the global metropolitan change and a conceptual framework will be developed through deliberations on key concepts. The evolution of metropolitan administration in Türkiye will be taken up next with frequent reference to intergovernmental relations, functional differentiation, delivery of metropolitan services and participatory mechanisms. The evolving relations between various 'actors' on the urban scene; new types of cooperation and partnership; and new forms of accountability will be evaluated within the context of urban governance. The Turkish metropolis will then be dealt with as a decision-making center concerning the allocation of scarce resources. A discussion on issues of urban politics; sources of urban conflict, and measures to control/appease the conflict will follow. In the concluding section of the Course, various administrative-political issues will be interrelated; some select problem-areas of the Turkish metropolis highlighted, and possible solutions suggested.
NGO Governance	POLS 441	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The world is in the midst of a global 'associational revolution' and NGOs (non-governmental organizations) feature prominently in this process. There are many different types of NGOs, with varying goals and priorities and one major aim of the course is to de-mystify the NGO scene. In order to do this, theoretical framework will be developed at the onset relating NGOs to civil society, globalization, new division of labour in polity and dynamics of governance. NGO role in developmental work, promotion of civil society, service delivery, advocacy work will be discussed as well as challenges facing NGOs in an evolving complex world of organizational/institutional matrixes. The enhanced role for NGOs also obliges them to be responsible, efficient, ethical, transparent, participatory and accountable true to the spirit of good governance. Building NGO capacity on one hand and empowerment by levels of government on the other hand, will be taken up together. The course will be concluded with critical evaluation of select NGO work both from Türkiye and elsewhere.
Latin American Politics	POLS 446	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course studies Latin American Politics from theoretical and empirical perspectives. First, it will provide a short introduction to the history of Latin America based on major theoretical perspectives with a particular emphasis on the second half of the twentieth century and current context. Then, it will mainly focus on major political, social and economic institutions in the region, while studying intra-regional variation in this respect as well as the common patterns. It will examine the evolution of democratic regimes, military interventions, transitions and civil society politics from an institutionalist perspective, focusing on the so-called ''third wave'' of democratization processes in the region. The course will finally explore the politics of ongoing processes of regionalization within Latin America and between Latin America and other regions of the world. The politics and ideology behind the ideal of ''Latin American integration'' will be studied in this final section. The mail goal of this course is to expose students to substantive empirical issues and theoretical debates in the contemporary scholarship on Latin American politics.
Conflicts in the Middle East	POLS 448	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Conflicts in the Middle East is an overview of conflicts in the Middle East. In the latter half of the twentieth century, inter-state wars, civil wars, insurgencies and terrorism in this region have increased without a comprehensive resolution of a single conflict. The focus of the course will be an analysis of the roots of these conflicts, such as inter-religious, inter-sectarian, inter-ethnic tensions and the possibilities for their resolution. Special attention will be paid to the Lebanese and Yemeni civil wars and post-World War two inter-state conflicts such as the Arab-Israeli wars, the Iran-Iraq war, and finally the last two Gulf Wars. Student simulations will explore conflict resolution issues and techniques in the Arab-Israeli peace process and post-conflict Iraq.
Issues in State Governance and Democracy in Türkiye	POLS 453	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The overall objective of the course is to enable the participants to grasp and master the present and prevailing conditions of the State governance and the democracy in Türkiye by synthesising the knowledge so far derived from the course taken during the undergraduate years. The course will also try to develop alternative solution models to the observed and identified problems of the Country. In this regard, three main components of the State i.e., the legislature, the executive and the judiciary will be analysed in great detail including the administration of the national economy. Core issues of democratisation (such as election system, political parties, Southeastern Türkiye) problem will also be analysed thoroughly basing upon actual case studies.
Rise and Fall of Democracy	POLS 455	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to give the student an understanding of the democratic regime as well as the way in which it has come under attack in the contemporary period. It offers an introduction to the conflicting definitions of the term and addresses such issues as democracy as government and representation. The course reviews the phenomenal rise of electoral democracies after the Third Wave and the proliferation of 'democracy with adjectives' in the global south. Particular emphasis is be placed on those factors and mechanisms that have eroded democratic institutions and facilitated democratic backsliding and breakdown in different parts of the globe.
The Politics of Authoritarian Regimes	POLS 457	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide students with a better understanding of the conceptual and operational differences between authoritarian and democratic regimes. It examines the similarities and differences among varieties of authoritarian regimes, the factors that lead to democratic backsliding and establishment of authoritarian rule, the strategies that authoritarian power- holders use for regime survival, state-society relations under authoritarian rule, the paths toward the end of authoritarian regimes, and re-democratization.
Analytical Approaches To The European Union	POLS 462	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to introduce the students to rational choice institutionalism as it is applied to European integration studies. Institutional configurations and their impact upon political outcomes within the study of European integration are analyzed with a focus on the analytic character of group choice, voting methods and behavior, cooperation, collective action, public goods, institutional choice and reform. First institutions are discussed as formal, legalistic entities and decision rules imposing restrictions upon utility maximizing self-interested political actors. Second, applications to our understanding of the EU enlargement, ratification and intergovernmental negotiations, European integration and governance are discussed.
Nietzsche	POLS 472	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on one of the seminal figures of continental political philosophy: Friedrich Nietzsche. Nietzsche’s thought has long been acknowledged to present one of the most trenchant critiques of modern society, science, philosophy, art and politics. His insights into the nature of truth, subjectivity and morality have been extremely influential on many of the major currents of thought of contemporary philosophy; from the phenomenology of Heidegger to the existentialism of Sartre, from the critical theory of Adorno and Horkheimer to the poststructuralism of Foucault. The overall aim of the course is to orient the students towards an in-depth, sustained critical engagement with some of the foundational ideas of contemporary philosophy and politics via a close reading of Nietzsche’s work. Issues that are of special interest include the nature of morality, ideology, politics and the state.
Political Theory II	POLS 473	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the central issues in contemporary political philosophy such as the nature and value of democracy, freedom, justice, equality, collective well- being, collective identity, and the political institutions these ideals require.
Ethnicity and Nationalism	POLS 483	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to explore relations (or the absence of relations) between nationalism and ethnicity in different socio-political contexts. This course is designed not only for developing a comparative theoretical approach to nationalism and ethnicity, but also for attempting to make a collective enquiry into the emergence and transformation of the concept of nation, nationalism, patriotism and ethnicity through time. While surveying the classical and current theories of nationalism and ethnicity, this course also aims to address the concepts of migration, diaspora, collective memory and reconciliation as relevant concepts of social sciences.
European Politics	POLS 491	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to introduce the politics of the new Europe in the aftermath of the collapse of the communist bloc. Europe, a continent historically torn by divison and conflict now encompasses 38 nations that are almost all democratic in reality or aspiration and oriented towards market, rather than command economies. Given its historical and cultural commonalities, Europe is a natural unit for an area studies approach to political science. The course covers the politics of the established democracies and also concentrates on democratic transitions on the continent. Although in a limited extend, it also reflects on the politics in the European Union.
European Union: Politics, Policies and Governance	POLS 492	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide the students with a basic understanding of the European Union. The course will give an evolution of the idea of European unity through a neo-functionalist framework. The main focus of the course is on the emergence of the European Union and its institutions in a historical framework. The ultimate objective is to furnish students with the comprehension that the state is going through a major transformation in Europe due to the process of European integration.
Comparative Local Government	POLS 493	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A major structural change has taken place in Turkish society with the urban population surpassing the rural population for the first time in the Ottoman-Turkish continuum. The first rate of urbanization has not resulted in a parallel process of urban integration, creating serious problems in both tangible (infrastructure, housing, services) and intangible (identity, participation, civic engagement) aspects of urban space. This dual character of urban settlements in Türkiye has been compounded by a strained relationship between central and local govenment in sharing of competences and resources. The strategic decision of Türkiye to join the European Union (EU); the need to harmonize policies; the prevalent trends and principles in the EU in the field of local govenment have created a new urgency to critically reappraise the administrative system in Türkiye. The general tendency in the EU for decentralization, deconcentration and devolution, true to the spirit of local and regional governance, has necessitated local government reform to top the reform agenda in Türkiye. Within the confines of the Course, a comparative analysis of existing institutions and processes will be taken up, followed by trends and evolving patterns of local governance in both the EU and Türkiye.
Middle Eastern Politics and Government	POLS 495	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A junior - senior level undergraduate course of comparative government and politics of the Middle East. It aims to analyze the emergence of the post World War I state system,major factors influencing political stability and change in the new states of the Middle East, with special reference to the role of religion, and oil.
Reform and the History of Ideas in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century	POLS 496	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The existing literature about reform in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century concentrates primarily on the the institutional components of reform. A great deal of research on the intellectual and knowledge component of reform had appeared ever since the 1860s. The time has now come to review this literature and bring it into a course constructed for that purpose.
Project Course	PROJ 102	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	PROJ 102 Project Course is designed to introduce the student into the practice of project work, to challenge the student's creative and intellectual abilities, and to provide the student with an opportunity to function within a team. The student gets first hand experience in planning and implementing a project so as to meet a set due date for presenting the client with the deliverables expected. Timing of the activities and the allocation of resources to these activities are crucial decisions to be made by the team members.
Undergraduate Project Course	PROJ 201	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	In this course students are introduced to basic research environments and skills through working on a project with members from different faculties. They will conduct hands-on work, learn presentation skills and team work. Students team up as small groups and register to a project of their choice and work closely with the supervisor throughout the semester to fulfill the requirements of their chosen project. As the deliverables of the project work, students are expected to write a project proposal and make either a group presentation or design a poster explaining the project and its results.
Project and Internship	PROJ 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Guided Project I	PROJ 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is an elective course that aims to provide FASS students in particular with an upper-class introduction, under academic guidance, to thematically focused, practice-oriented research and applied experience in areas or problems of work broadly related to the Humanities and Social Sciences (such as : quantitative surveys; curriculum development and course design; teacher training; teaching at the primary and secondary school level; forms of public, community, out-reach or electronic education; cultural legacy management; exhibition design, excavation design or performance design). Such themes or problems will be changing from one semester (or year) to the next, depending on concrete opportunities for students to put their new knowledge and skills to the test in real-world settings.
Summer Project	PROJ 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	All FENS students are required to complete a summer project (PROJ 302) with a minimum duration of 8 weeks after 3rd year and to have a satisfactory (S) standing so as to receive their B.Sc. degrees. The main objectives of the the summer project are (i) to give the students a chance to gain first- hand working experience in an industrial setting, (ii) to enhance their technical and communications skills, (iii) to enable them to interact with engineers and technicians effectively. At the same time, the summer projects help the students' professional development. Students determine their internship companies/institutions based on their interests and programs they are enrolled. At the end of the project, students are required to prepare and submit a final project report and make a presentation. Students have to be enrolled in a FENS Diploma Programme in order to register for this course. See PROJ 302 guideline for further details.
Summer Internship	PROJ 303	Sabancı Business School	This is a non-credit required course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements.
Guided Project II	PROJ 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is an elective course that aims to provide FASS students in particular with an upper-class introduction, under academic guidance, to thematically focused, practice-oriented research and applied experience in areas or problems of work broadly related to the Humanities and Social Sciences (such as : quantitative surveys; curriculum development and course design; teacher training; teaching at the primary and secondary school level; forms of public, community, out-reach or electronic education; cultural legacy management; exhibition design, excavation design or performance design). Such themes or problems will be changing from one semester (or year) to the next, depending on concrete opportunities for students to put their new knowledge and skills to the test in real-world settings.
Project and Internship	PSIR 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Research Methods for Political Science and International Relations I	PSIR 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Statistical reasoning and techniques used by social researchers to summarize data and test hypotheses. Topics include describing data collection, sampling measurement, distributions, cross-tabulations, scaling, probability,correlation/regression and non-parametric tests.
Research Methods for Political Science and International Relations II	PSIR 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide an introductory exposure to survey research techniques in political science. It starts with a comparative assessment of the kind of questions survey research is most able to answer and sources of error associated with this methodology. It next clarifies different stages of survey planning and moves on to discuss questionnaire design issues. Next, the discussion focuses on sampling techniques, survey data analysis and reporting. All discussions are illustrated within the framework of a small project that is carried out by course participants.
Mind and Behavior	PSY 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introductory level course on human mind and behavior, designed to provide an overview of scientific psychology. The major goal of this course is to introduce theoretical perpectives as well as the empirical findings in psychology. In doing so, the course also aims to highlight both the interaction of psychological sciences with other allied disciplines and the impact of psychological findings in applied fields. In this regard, the course will present an oppurtunity for students with different backgrounds to explore links between their own fields of interest and study and psychology.
Research Methods and Statistics for Psychology I	PSY 202	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces basic concepts in research methods and the scientific method, from a Psychology perspective; including experimental logic and terminology. It also introduces the basics of null hypothesis significance testing, and teaches how to use the software SPSS for basic data manipulation and analysis.
Stress and Well-Being	PSY 203	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines associations of stress with psychological and physical well-being in adulthood. Topics include conceptualization and measurement of stress and well-being; daily life factors influencing stress reactions; psychological, social, and biological mechanisms underlying stress regulation; pathways through which daily life events and stress are linked to psychological and physical well-being; age-related changes in stress and well-being.
Project and Internship	PSY 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Mind & Behavior	PSY 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introductory level course on human mind and behavior, designed to provide an overview of scientific psychology. The major goal of this course is to introduce theoretical perpectives as well as the empirical findings in psychology. In doing so, the course also aims to highlight both the interaction of psychological sciences with other allied disciplines and the impact of psychological findings in applied fields. In this regard, the course will present an oppurtunity for students with different backgrounds to explore links between their own fields of interest and study and psychology
Social Psychology	PSY 302	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to social psychology, the study of human interaction. Social psychology is concerned with the reciprocal influence between the social environment and people's attitudes and behaviors about themselves and others. This will be a survey course, offering an overview of the important topics that comprise the field of social psychology including: social influences, prosocial behavior, group processes, gender, authority, conformity, attitude formation, aggression, persuasion and propaganda, attraction, stereotypes, and self-esteem. Emphasis will be placed on learning basic theories about human behavior in social contexts, and applying such frameworks and research to real-life settings in politics, education, law, health care, etc
Research Methods	PSY 303	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides students with skills at all levels to carry out a research study in the field of psychology and more general behavioral sciences. Students gain hands-on experience and guidance in designing and completing a research projects and develop a critical eye in evaluating empirical work.
Research Methods and Statistics for Psychology II	PSY 304	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course continues to develop students' understanding of, and competence in, study design and data analysis. It emphasises the use of more sophisticated techniques to test more complex predictions involving multiple predictors.
Experimental Psychology	PSY 305	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course gives students practica experience in designing, conducting, analysing and reporting psychology experiments, in small groups. The emphasis will be on encouraging students to analyse design decisions, to minimise the influence of confounding variables, and to maximise power. The course will also give a thorough grounding in scientific writing and appropriate reporting format.
Testing and Measurement	PSY 306	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides the students with necessary skills to measure psychological constructs as well as knowledge on test construction, validity and reliability issues. It also covers topics such as factor analysis and administration and scoring procedures of various types of tests, including standardized tests of intelligence.
Abnormal Behavior	PSY 308	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Theories and approaches to understanding psychopathology and treatment to, and prevention of abnormal behavior. Emphasis is on current theory, research, issues in, and the role of clinical psychology in contemporary society.
Cognitive Processes	PSY 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	An introduction to the basic concepts of cognitive psychology, the course surveys areas such as perception, attention, memory and language, and thought. Empirical behavioral evidence about these areas are complemented by recent biological and neuropsychological perspectives and findings.
Emotion	PSY 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce students to the rapidly developing field of emotion science. Students will learn about the biological function, neurology, and physiology of emotions in humans and other animals, and about strategies for measuring and classifying emotions. The course will also examine interactions between emotion and cognitive functions, and how these can be used to understand and treat mental illnesses.
Sensation / Perception	PSY 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will cover basic principles of sensation and perception in vision, audition and other modalities by mainly focusing on the structure and the function of the sensory systems, which will be discussed in terms of how information is processed. Additionally, some of the following questions will be discussed in this course. What are the anatomical structures of the senses? What are the factors which has an effect on these complex processes? How does the perception arise from information gathered by the sensory system?
Language	PSY 314	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an overview of research on the psychology of language. Students will be exposed to a wide range of topics including language acquisition in infancy and childhood, second language learning, the neural processing of language, and language education. The course equips students with theoretical and methodological understanding of research on language and mind.
Memory	PSY 315	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will provide the students with an overview to the scientific study of human memory. Topics that are covered include, but not limited to, memory systems and processes; such as encoding, forgetting; memory disorders and developmental approaches. Everyday applications of memory will also be explored.
Attention	PSY 316	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the theories and mechanisms of attention. Topics include classical behavioral and modern neurocognitive models of attention, a brief overview of clinical impairments of attention, and the relationships between attention and other cognitive processes.
Learning	PSY 317	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a comprehensive introduction to the elementary forms of learning that have been the focus of research for much of the 20th century. The students learn’ the theories of learning; from habituation, classical conditioning, and instrumental conditioning to stimulus control, aversive control, and their applications to the study of cognition. The course also covers how findings from animal research relate to human learning and behavior, and touches base with the main concepts in neurophysiology offering insights into neural substrates of learning processes.
Developmental Psychology	PSY 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A comprehensive overview of contemporary developmental science, studying the contribution of a developmental perspective (changes with age) to major questions in the field of psychology, such as thinking, memory, self etc. Recurring themes would be continuity vs discontinuity of development, and nature-nurture sources of development. Research discussions include both classic and current studies within the field. Consideration is given both to biological and cultural influences on development.
Lifespan Psychological Science	PSY 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims at providing students with an understanding of how life events experienced at an early time point shape behavior years later. It examines widely-held but scarcely tested assumptions of psychological theories on long-term effects on behavior, such as the effects of early development on adult life outcomes or changes in behavior from early to late adulthood. The course introduces existing long-term longitudinal studies, provides examples from popular hypotheses about long-term effects on behavior, surveys evidence on whether these hypotheses are supported and if yes, discusses which mechanisms are responsible for producing these long-term effects.
Human Bonding	PSY 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	the basic structure, functions, dynamics, and development of human affectional ties. The course will survey a broad range of topics at the heart attachment theory and research, including formation and maintenance of attachment bonds from infancy to adulthood, individual differences in attachment representations, attachment change across the lifespan, dissolution of attachment bonds, and strategies to promote satisfying attachment relationships.
Infant Development	PSY 325	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an overview of many of the important aspects of infant development over the first 2 years of life. This includes the development of the cognition, perception, language, temperament, personality, and social and emotional development. It covers the current debates within the field, and emprical experiments.
Individual Differences	PSY 330	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to provide an individual differences perspective to major fields of study within psychology, addressing questions such as: How and why do people differ? Does personality change over time? What are the physical, mental social consequences of personalities and intelligences? Implications of a wide range of individual differences (cultural, socio-economic, learning style, skill level, gender) are discussed.
Social Psychology	PSY 340	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an introduction to social psychology, the study of human interaction. Social psychology is concerned with the reciprocal influence between the social environment and people's attitudes and behaviors about themselves and others. This will be a survey course, offering an overview of the important topics that comprise the field of social psychology including: social influences, prosocial behavior, group processes, gender, authority, conformity, attitude formation, aggression, persuasion and propaganda, attraction, stereotypes, and self-esteem. Emphasis will be placed on learning basic theories about human behavior in social contexts, and applying such frameworks and research to real-life settings in politics, education, law, health care, etc.
Applied Social Psychology	PSY 341	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course offers a social psychological perspective on how to help individuals become happy, healthy, wise, and nice. It will use cutting-edge research and theories in social psychology to develop strategies, policies, and business ideas that improve individual happiness and health, encourage wise decisions in organizational and educational settings, and promote prosocial behavior.
Relationship Science	PSY 343	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of this course is to provide an overview of theories and research in the field of interpersonal relatipnships and family science. Topics of this course include, but are not limited to, interpersonal attraction, attachment, relationship maintenance, family violence, relationhip dissolution, and divorce.
Group Processes	PSY 344	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Building upon contemporary social psychology research literature, this course introduces students to basic intragroup processes and within group dynamics such as group formation and group thinking, group decision-making, ingroup diversity and ingroup identification, as well as intergroup processes such as the formation of stereotypes and prejudice, outgroup attitudes and behaviors The course does not only rely on classical theories in the field of group processes, but it also focuses on state of the art research in social psychological and personality science, and aims to provide students with a generic understanding of how groups-groups and groups-individual dynamics operate in various settings
Stress and Well-Being in Adulthood	PSY 345	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines associations of stress with psychological and physical well-being in adulthood. Topics include conceptualization and measurement of stress and well-being; daily life factors influencing stress reactions ; psychological, social, and biological mechanisms underlying stress regulation; pathways through which daily life events and stress are linked to psychological and physical well-being; age-related changes in stress and well-being across adulthood.
Introduction to Neuroscience	PSY 350	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will focus on the biological basis of human brain, covering topics such as neural functioning (membrane potentials, ion channels, neurotransmitters, synapses, etc.), the basis of brain organization (cortices, nuclei, axonal paths, etc.), and main neural circuitries (sensory pathways, motor system, limbic system, autonomous nervous system etc.). There will be a particular emphasis to link these electrical, chemical, and anatomical notions to the behavioral output. Topics include (but are not limited to) brain basic anatomy and function, a relationship between neural and chemical systems working together in the brain, and how we perceive the world around us.
Cognitive Neuroscience	PSY 352	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience which studies processes of nervous system underpinning cognitive functions (acquisition, storage, transformation, and use of knowledge). The course explores the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes such as perception, attention, memory, and decision- making. In light of behavioral and neuroimaging research, the course aims to deliver the skills to interpret cognitive neuroscience research and understand human cognition.
Abnormal Behavior	PSY 360	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Theories and approaches to understanding psychopathology and treatment to, and prevention of abnormal behavior. Emphasis is on current theory, research, issues in, and the role of clinical psychology in contemporary society.
Personality	PSY 361	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to introduce students to different approaches in personality, such as, psychodynamic, cognitive, social learning, and trait approaches, and provide the background to evaluate and critique them.
Clinical Applications of Psychology	PSY 362	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an overview of clinical applications of psychology. Topics to be covered are basic features of clinical assessment, basic features of clinical interventions, psychological testing, overview of psychotherapy models (psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive, group, family etc.) and research on clinical interventions. Clinical case examples as well as relevant movies and literary works will be used in order to demonstrate the workings of clinical psychology in practice.
Individual Differences	PSY 363	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to provide an individual differences perspective to major fields of study within psychology, addressing questions such as: How and why do people differ? Does personality change over time? What are the physical, mental social consequences of personalities and intelligences? Implications of a wide range of individual differences (cultural, socio-economic, learning style, skill level, gender) are discussed.
Clinical Interviewing	PSY 364	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course will introduce students to the skills and steps of clinical interviewing. The course will also familiarize students with basic psychology skills such as non-judgementality, compassion, empathy and attunement. Students will also be familiarized with listening techniques and first interview procedures.
Family and Couple Therapy	PSY 365	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course intrıduces students to basic family and couple therapy concepts. Topics to be covered include fundamental assumptions and ideas of general systems theory ,life-cycle perspecitves that contribute to family and couple functioning and the basic theoretical orientations within family and couple therapy.
Child and Adolescent Psychopathology	PSY 366	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides a scientfic and theoretical basis for understanding specific disorders of childhood and adolescence. Topics to be covered include the clinical symptoms, assessment procedures, prevalence, etiology and treatment approaches of the most commonly diagnosed disorders.
Adolescent Development and Mental Health	PSY 368	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to cover physical, cognitive and socio-emotional transitions in adolescence within the context of family and braoder social systems including peers, school, and culture. Topcis related to risk and resilience during adolescence are discussed, with a particular focus on psychosocial development. Students are also exposed to knowledge about mental health problems in this developmental period such as depression, eating disorders, and substance abuse.
Emotion	PSY 370	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce students to the rapidly developing field of emotion science. Students will learn about the biological function, neurology, and physiology of emotions in humans and other animals, and about strategies for measuring and classifying emotions. The course will also examine interactions between emotion and cognitive functions, and how these can be used to understand and treat mental illnesses.
Stress and Well-Being in Adulthood	PSY 371	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines associations of stress with psychological and physical well-being in adulthood. Topics include conceptualization and measurement of stress and well-being; daily life factors influencing stress reactions ; psychological, social, and biological mechanisms underlying stress regulation; pathways through which daily life events and stress are linked to psychological and physical well-being; age-related changes in stress and well-being across adulthood.
Testing and Measurement	PSY 380	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides the students with necessary skills to measure psychological constructs as well as knowledge on test construction, validity and reliability issues. It also covers topics such as factor analysis and administration and scoring procedures of various types of tests, including standardized tests of intelligence.
Personality	PSY 382	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to introduce students to different approaches in personality, such as, psychodynamic, cognitive, social learning, and trait approaches, and provide the background to evaluate and critique them.
Sensation / Perception	PSY 390	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will cover basic principles of sensation and perception in vision, audition and other modalities by mainly focusing on the structure and the function of the sensory systems, which will be discussed in terms of how information is processed. Additionally, some of the following questions will be discussed in this course. What are the anatomical structures of the senses? What are the factors which has an effect on these complex processes? How does the perception arise from information gathered by the sensory system?
Independent Study I	PSY 398	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list, developing research skills, and gain hands-on experience in carrying out a research study. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Independent Study II	PSY 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list, developing research skills, and gain hands-on experience in carrying out a research study. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Advanced Research in Psychology	PSY 403	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of this course is to develop the knowledge and skills in literature review, data analysis, and writing. Topics of this course include, but are not limited to, hypothesis generation, structure of scientific articles, description of methods, and writing up scientific research papers.
Culture and Cognition	PSY 405	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides students interested in cognition with the opportunity to study the social and cultural aspects of thinking. It uses a psychological, and at times cognitive scientific, lens to explore issues such as the relation of language and thought, narrative development, memory (individual and collective), emotion, morality, transmission of knowledge, concepts, implicit cognition. It will survey research and theory within social psychology, cognitive psychology, linguistics, and cross-cultural psychology and provide implications from and for philosophy, anthropology, literature, artificial intelligence, and politics. This course is also concerned with methodological and theoretical challenges in the integration of cultural perspectives in psychology
EEG Methods and Analyses	PSY 407	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a project-based course in which the student designs the experiment, collects data and performs EEG analyses. The first part of the course focuses on EEG experimental design and data collection. This section teaches students how to shape the choices EEG researchers make when designing their experiments according to their research questions. The second part focuses on data analysis and interpretation of results. Students learn preprocessing, event-related and steady- state potentials, time-frequency power analyses in both univariate and multivariate domains. They acquire not only theoretical knowledge but also practical skills.
Advanced Topics in Social and Cognitive Psychology	PSY 410	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Specific content topics in social psychology and cognitive psychology for a better understanding of both fields. The particular focus may change each semester it is offered. Topics include not limited to moral psychology, emotion, memory processes, spatial cognition etc.
Cognition, Emotion and Psychopathology	PSY 411	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In this seminar course, students read about and discuss topics in the booming fields of affective cognition and experimental psychopathology. Students present and analyse key readings on visual search for threat, attentional and memory narrowing, cognitive biases in anxiety and depression, cognitive bias modification, and cognitive approaches to understanding and remediating PTSD. Students gain confidence in presenting complex work, independently critiquing and debating concepts and evidence.
Visual Cognition	PSY 412	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to survey research and theoretical discussions on Visual Cognition. Vision is central to our daily interactions with the world. It is the most salient sense modality, dominating our perception. Visual thinking plays a crucial role in a number of tasks such as object recognition, reading emotions from facial expressions, spatial orientation and wayfinding, creative problem solving, planning for the future, understanding scientific visualizations or visual art. Topics to be discussed include theoretical research on cognitive and neural processes underlying visual cognition as well as applied research on visual thinking and individual differences in visual processing styles.
Selected topics in Language and Communication	PSY 414	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course presents specialized topics in research on language and communication. The selected topics will vary from year to year, but topics are drawn from one or more areas of psychology and related fields including cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, neuroscience, psycholinguistics, speech pathology, and education. The main focus of this course is to closely examine recent literature in the field. By the end of the course, students are expected to have developed basic abilities to critically evaluate research articles concerning the psychology of language.
Seminar in Memory and Attention	PSY 415	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores the most recent advances in interactions between attention and memory. Topics include the role of memories for guiding attention, and the role of attention for encoding, manipulation, storage, retrieval of memories. The goal of the course is to provide an advanced, state-of-art understanding of the interactions between memory and attention, and to deliver the skills for critically evaluating the relevant research.
Culture and Cognition	PSY 416	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides students interested in cognition with the opportunity to study the social and cultural aspects of thinking. It uses a psychological, and at times cognitive scientific, lens to explore issues such as the relation of language and thought, narrative development, memory (individual and collective), emotion, morality, transmission of knowledge, concepts, implicit cognition. It will survey research and theory within social psychology, cognitive psychology, linguistics, and cross-cultural psychology and provide implications from and for philosophy, anthropology, literature, artificial intelligence, and politics. This course is also concerned with methodological and theoretical challenges in the integration of cultural perspectives in psychology
Topics in Episodic Memory and Future Thinking	PSY 418	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This advanced seminar provides a thorough examination of episodic memory and episodic future thinking, encompassing both current research in the field and practical applications. The course integrates theoretical frameworks with empirical evidence, employing a multidisciplinary approach to understanding the complexities of memory and imagination processes. Key focal points include the development of episodic memory, the impact of aging on remembering, memory and imagination in social contexts, the connection between emotion and memory, the accuracy of memory, neurological perspectives on memory, the various functions of memory, and the practical implications derived from memory research.
Advanced Topics in Social and Cognitive Psychology	PSY 420	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Specific content topics in social psychology and cognitive psychology for a better understanding of both fields. The particular focus may change each semester it is offered. Topics include not limited to moral psychology, emotion, memory processes, spatial cognition etc.
Cognitive Development	PSY 421	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course reviews current research and theoretical issues about cognitive development. Major research areas that are covered are theory of mind, joint attention, language, memory, numerical cognition, social cognition, and implications of atypical cognitive development. Paralells with socioemotional development are also stressed.
Social Development	PSY 422	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides a broad overview of how children behave in and think about the social world. The topics include: innate and early-emerging social knowledge, moral development, social cognition, theory of mind, aggression, victimization, identity development, social categorization and bias, and the influence of peers & parents, and culture on development.
Human Bonding	PSY 423	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The central goal of the course is to understand the basic structure, functions, dynamics, and development of human affectional ties. The course will survey a broad range of topics at the heart attachment theory and research, including formation and maintenance of attachment bonds from infancy to adulthood, individual differences in attachment representations, attachment change across the lifespan, dissolution of attachment bonds, and strategies to promote satisfying attachment relationships.
Language Development in Infancy and Childhood	PSY 424	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an overview of language development in infancy and childhood, from birth through the preschool years. We will go over the milestones and content of what children acquire including phonological, semantic, and syntactic skills. The main focus will be on typical monolingual development, we will also explore language development in children growing up with bilingual and multilingual backgrounds as well as with speech and other communicative issues. We will cover methodological as well as theoretical issues around language development in early years. The implications of research findings in education will also be discussed.
Clinical Applications of Psychology	PSY 430	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is an overview of clinical applications of psychology. Topics to be covered are basic features of clinical assessment, basic features of clinical interventions, psychological testing, overview of psychotherapy models (psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive, group, family etc.) and research on clinical interventions. Clinical case examples as well as relevant movies and literary works will be used in order to demonstrate the workings of clinical psychology in practice.
Human Bonding	PSY 433	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The central goal of the course is to understand the basic structure, functions, dynamics, and development of human affectional ties. The course will survey a broad range of topics at the heart attachment theory and research, including formation and maintenance of attachment bonds from infancy to adulthood, individual differences in attachment representations, attachment change across the lifespan, dissolution of attachment bonds, and strategies to promote satisfying attachment relationships.
Topics in Psychology in the Public Interest	PSY 440	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Applied aspects and the immediate implications of information derived from psychological science. The focus may change each semester that it is offered. Topics include but are not limited to educational psychology, health psychology, sports psychology, industrial and organizational psychology, policy implications in educational and legal issues.
Social Cognition	PSY 442	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course surveys leading research on how we process social information and make day-to-day judgments. The course aims to provide students with a deep understanding of how we make sense of complex social information, including topics such as person perception, judgment and decision making, and stereotyping.
Psychology of the Self	PSY 443	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to present an overview of the recent theories and research in the self literature. The course also covers how self and attachment processes interact and their cultural implications. Particular emphasis is placed on the formation and nature of self- development, self-esteem, self-regulation and attachment.
Intergroup Relationships	PSY 444	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides students with an advanced understanding of intergroup processes and relationships focusing on special topics such as social identities, majority-minority group relationships, prejudice reduction techniques, collective action, and acculturation. Departing from both theoretical and empirical research in social psychology, political psychology, and intergroup processes literatures, the course equips students with extensive knowledge in intergroup relationships and aims to provide students skills and competencies that enable them to critically discuss and generate research ideas in the field of intergroup relationships..
Selected Topics in Social Psychology	PSY 445	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides students interested in social psychology with the opportunity to explore a variety of popular research areas in depth. It will also include discussions about the methodological and technological challenges the field is faced with.
Selected Topics in Neuroscience	PSY 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will examine recent literature in neuroscience. The aim of this course is to enable the students to have a good grasp of the most recent advances, and a critical assessment of the literature in the field of neuroscience. Through reading the recent and important classical studies in literature, students will gain essential perspective as well as critical thinking on the relevant studies.
Cognitive Neuroscience	PSY 452	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience which studies processes of nervous system underpinning cognitive functions (acquisition, storage, transformation, and use of knowledge). The course explores the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes such as perception, attention, memory, and decision- making. In light of behavioral and neuroimaging research, the course aims to deliver the skills to interpret cognitive neuroscience research and understand human cognition.
Selected Topics in Applied Psychology	PSY 464	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of this course is to present specialized research topics in the broad area of applied psychology. Topics may be drawn from one or more area of psychology and include (but not limited to) applied topics in social psychology (i.e., traffic psychology, road user behavior), health psychology, forensic psychology. The selected topics will vary from year to year and will include examination of recent literature and interpretation of recent trends in the field of applied psychology.
Clinical Insights from Basic Psychological Science	PSY 467	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to teach the topics that require the integration of theories, findings, and methodology in clinical psychology with those in social, developmental health, personality, and cognitive psychology. Sample topics of the course are short- and long-term effects of traumatic events (e.g., natural disasters, death of loved ones) on psychological well-being, personality, and interpersonal and intergroup relationships, the interdependence between family members' well-being and coping styles during challenging times, the benefits and costs of positive experiences (e.g., positive emotions, positive interpersonal processes, gratitude) during stressful times, the association between traumatic events' centrality and psychological reactions (e.g., depression, post-traumatic growth), grief after non-death losses (e.g., divorce, homesickness), and ecological grief and anxiety due to the climate change.
Foundations of Infant Mental Heath	PSY 469	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an introduction to interdisciplinary research and practice in infant mental health. Its purpose is to promote an understanding about early life stress with implications on biopsychosocial development and discuss approaches for promoting resilience in young children within the context of family, community, and culture. Topics to be covered include adverse childhood experiences, parental mental health, and various prevention as well as intervention programs as applied examples in the field.
Psychology in the Public Interest	PSY 480	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will discuss how psychological sciences can advance public interest in diverse areas—such as health, technology, sports, law, education, and organizations. To gain an appreciation of how psychological findings can be used to resolve day-to- day problems students will read, critically reflect on, and discuss psychological research with applied implications.
Selected Topics in Applied Psychology	PSY 481	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of this course is to present specialized research topics in the broad area of applied psychology. Topics may be drawn from one or more area of psychology and include (but not limited to) applied topics in social psychology (i.e., traffic psychology, road user behavior), health psychology, forensic psychology. The selected topics will vary from year to year and will include examination of recent literature and interpretation of recent trends in the field of applied psychology.
Basic Russian I	RUS 101	School of Languages	The aim of this course is to help students acquire general communicative competence based on comprehension of basic written and spoken texts. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication in the Russian language. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology.
Basic Russian II	RUS 102	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of RUS 101 and aims to help students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. It also aims to raise students? awareness of the processes involved in learning to communicate. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Russian I	RUS 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Russian II	RUS 120	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level Russian I course. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate Russian I	RUS 130	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the RUS 120 course. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate Russian II	RUS 140	School of Languages	At this level, students consolidate their language knowledge and are provided with opportunities to practice their language skills. They work with a variety of text types, including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely.
Pre-intermediate Russian I I	RUS 201	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of the Basic level Russian courses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Pre-intermediate Russian II	RUS 202	School of Languages	Pre-intermediate Russian II This course is a continuation of the Pre-intermediate Russian courses. The course aims to help students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate Russian	RUS 301	School of Languages	At this level, students consolidate their language knowledge and are provided with opportunities to practice their language skills. They work with a variety of text types, including newspaper and magazine articles. The content of the learning materials focuses on many everyday topics that stimulate lively discussion, encouraging students to express their opinions freely.
Upper-intermediate Russian	RUS 302	School of Languages
Social Theory	SOC 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What is society? What makes and holds societies together? Why and how do societies change and develop - or else fail to do so? This introductory sociology course presents an overview of the major theories of society proposed through the 19th and 20th centuries, ranging from classical theory through Marx and Weber to critical theory, hermeneutics and the interpretive tradition, psychoanalysis, structuralism, post-structuralism , post-colonial theory, feminist and post-modernist theories. Key issues for the study of (post)modern society include: the relationship between knowledge, power and representation; consumption, commoditization and electronic forms of exchange; the impact of new information technologies; transnationalism, global cities and hybrid identities; and local knowledge and everyday life viewed as text and performance. While the last few decades' decline of master narratives or "grand theories" has fed into the current emphasis on interdisciplinarity, the main premise of this course is that the need for interdisciplinarity brings with it a further need: that of a firm grounding in social theory.
Perspectives on Law and Society	SOC 203	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course offers a survey of the interdisciplinary field of Law and Society. Works from a variety of disciplinary traditions such as Anthropology, Sociology, History, Political Science, Economics, Philosophy and Literature shall be read. Some of the main themes that Law and Society scholarship has tackled over the last three decades: origins and different sorts of law and lawmaking, the relationship of law to the political domain, the relationship of law to socio-economic structures of hierarchy and the relation between law on the books and law in action will be explored.
Sociology of Science	SOC 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an introduction to the study of science as a social field and practice. It explores major approaches in the sociology of science, including institutional analysis, social constructivism, laboratory studies, actor-network theory, social worlds approach, boundary-work, and field theory. Topics to be discussed include the rise of modern science, the evolution of scientific knowledge and practice, technology and social change, gender in science, media representations of science, science policy, and the commercialization of scientific research.
Political Sociology	SOC 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to the study of power, politics, and the state from a sociological point of view. Topics to be covered include sociological theories of domination and the modern state, the social origins of political regimes, collective action in revolutions and social movements, class coalitions and welfare states, social cleavages.
Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility	SOC 305	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Recent years saw a surge of interest in the social responsibilities of corporations in general and of multi-national corporations in particular. Largely premised on the view that corporate power exceeds or nearly exceeds that of national governments in this global era, various social forces are currently at play with the attempt to redraw the redistributive obligations and capacities of market, state and civil society. This class offers an in depth introduction to the topic, drawing on theoretical and empirical materials from sociology, political science, management theory and law. The purpose is to familiarize students with the contested meaning of the concept of 'social responsibility,' and to introduce them to the vibrant field of activity that emerges around it. In particular, the aim is to familiarize students with concepts and models such as corporate citizenship, triple bottom line reporting, social performance management systems, social accountability standards (e.g. SA8000), and compliance and monitoring instruments and to situate those in the context of evolving contemporary theories of governance and regulation.
Sociology of Religion	SOC 308	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course surveys major topics and perspectives in the study of religion as a social institution. It starts with the classical writings of Troeltsch, Durkheim, Weber, and Geertz, and seeks to answer the following questions using empirical cases drawn from Europe, the United States, Türkiye, and India: Why do different societies experience different degrees of secularization? How do church-state relations and secular ideologies vary from one setting to another? Can secularism itself be considered a religion-like formation? What is civil religion? What role does religion play in social movements, and civil societies?
Turkish Social Thought	SOC 313	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course will deal with the basic social and political ideas developed in the early and late republican period in Türkiye. in the first part a special emphasis will be given to the formation of the social thought via the constitution of the notion of law and society within the framework of the 'essential' conflictual concepts, such as east-west, modernity-conservatism. In the second part basic schools of thought (like blue Anatolia) and the ideas and arguments of the prominent thinkers and intellectuals will be analyzsed. in this regard new understanding of the social and the political will be dissected with special reference to such debates as, modernity, postmodernity, secularism, political Islam, Europe, globalisation. An extensive review of Turkish literature in this context is imperative.
Qualitative Research Methods	SOC 318	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to the principles of qualitative sociological research. It provides a strong theoretical basis for the interpretive research questions and sociological methods, such as interviewing, participant observation, thematic focus groups, comparative approaches, and the qualitative analysis of large surveys.
Urban Sociology	SOC 321	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Social implications of urban life with respect to such topics as patterns of city growth; urban social organization (family, neighbourhood, community); urban social issues (housing, crime); urban policy and urban planning (sociology of planning, citizen participation).
Science, Religion and Society	SOC 350	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course investigates the relationship between religion and science from a historical and comparative perspective. It explores historical cases of conflict between religious authorities and scientists, reviews different religions’ approaches to scientific activity, examines the impact of positivism, naturalism, and materialism on secularist movements, and discusses contemporary controversies about intelligent design, stem cell research, and genetic reproductive technologies. The course concludes with a discussion of the place of religion in academic institutions and in the lives of scientists.
Media and Politics	SOC 402	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a seminar course designed to explore three aspects of media/politics in particular: (1) transnational/national news agencies and media organizations in the era of digital, cable and satellite communication (2) critical debates on issues such as bias and objectivity in political reporting, tabloid news, political scandal, investigative journalism (3) intersections between media power and national politics, including such themes as 'agenda setting', 'spin control', 'the spiral of silence' or 'political advertising'.
Media Research Workshop	SOC 404	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The main aim of this workshop will be to provide hands-on experience in media research techniques. Students will be expected to work on individual projects and/or joint projects learning to apply various techniques such as ''frame analysis'',; ''narrative analysis''; ''focus group analysis''. The reading materials for the course will include examples from existing media research with different kinds of materials (visual, written, digital) as well as conventional ''methodology'' articles.
Exploring the Legal Profession	SOC 406	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The power that legal professionals enjoy, and the dependence of social order on that power, makes them the bearers of a number of tensions. Lawyers, judges, prosecutors, court clerks and police officers all operate within hierarchical structures, maintaining the social order while trying to deliver equality. Other actors such as Constitutional Court judges reflect upon and decide the rules through which the 'game'- e.g. democracy - is to be played. They are expected to keep up the legal form in all their actions. But real life conditions such as inadequate resources make this a burdensome task. At times, their moral inclinations as individuals conflict with their roles as legal actors. This course explores these and other tensions that define the role of legal professionals in social life, using the legal profession as a lens through which to understand the making of social, economic and political realities.
Religion and Politics	SOC 408	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines the interaction of religious and political authorities, discourses, and institutions through historical, comparative, and normative perspectives. We will start our discussion with a survey of the role of religion in the formation of modern political institutions and identities, including the modern state, long-distance and national social movements, welfare regimes, and national identities. We will then investigate various aspects of religious politics, focusing in particular on religious movements and violence, the rise and transformation of religious parties, secularism as political ideology and movement and the relationship between religious politics and democracy. The course will conclude with a review of recent debates in political theory on the legitimate place of religion in public life and in the political sphere. In the course of the semester, we will discuss empirical cases drawn from Europe, the U.S., the Middle East, and Southeast Asia.
Infrastructure and Mobilities	SOC 420	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The study of current mobilities of everything (people, ideas, goods, capital, and images), the social, cultural and political aspects of infrastructure and mobilities, the sustainable workings of mobility places and systems, and the historical formation of mobility as an inseparable feature of civilization, modernity, development, and globalization. Topics to be covered include Mobilities Theory; cities as interfaces and infrastructures; inequalities across (im)mobilities; historical development of transportation systems; global structures of mobilities; airports, railways, and container ports; mutual constitution of infrastructure, transportation, and tourism; social, cultural and economic impacts of sustainable transportation systems and hubs over place-making and social relations
Power, Economy, and Society	SOC 425	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces students to the study of the meaning, functions, and place of economic activities in society from a comparative perspective. Topics to be covered include globalization, capitalism and neoliberalism; work and labor regimes; governmentality; cultures of consumption; space and value; deindustrialization and class; and cultural economy
Gender and Work	SOC 426	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course examines how the organization and practices of labor, work, and workplace is gendered through a historical and comparative socio-cultural lens. Subjects to be examined include the constitutive relation between gender identity, class position and labor force participation; work and gender dynamics within different sectors in contemporary planetary economy; the state’s involvement with gender, family and work; and women’s and men’s experiences of work hierarchies.
Sexualities, Sociabilities	SOC 432	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Who are we? Every social group tries to answer this question, albeit with significant variation across cultures and throughout history. All social groups also try to define and enact rules about the sexual activities of their members. Sociological and anthropological literature shows that the ways in which social groups define their rules about sexuality relate to the ways in which they define boundaries and maintain spaces for themselves. In this course we are going to survey existing theoretical discussions and research about this problematic. Specific themes for discussion will vary, but are likely to include such issues as homosexuality, honor crimes and the headscarf
New Social Movements	SOC 444	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course's aim is to introduce students to the various theoretical approaches to the study of the formation and impact of new social movements. The interrelationship of new social movements with identity politics and processes of globalization will receive special attention. In analyzing various theoretical approaches, we will concentrate on such topics as collective action, resource mobilization, post- Fordism, universality, multiculturalism, authenticity, hybridity and globalization.
Basic Spanish I	SPA 101	School of Languages	This is an introductory Spanish course focusing on the basics of conversation skills and related activities which are essential for effective interaction in class. It aims to help students to express themselves in topic areas such as introductions, getting to know others, talking about family, occupation, fields of interest and describing personal and physical characteristics at the Basic level. Students also work with a graded reader appropriate to their level. The course also looks at the state and significance of Spanish in the world.
Basic Spanish II	SPA 102	School of Languages	The students at this level are able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and interpersonal relationships. They are also able to make comparisons and learn to describe moods and talk about their feelings as well as their experiences and future plans. Students also work with two graded readers appropriate to their level.
Basic Spanish I	SPA 110	School of Languages	This course focuses on helping students develop the language and skills required for effective communication at the Basic level. The instructional approach is directed towards the development of everyday communication. Students also develop basic knowledge in grammar, lexis, and phonology. By the end of this level, students will be able to talk about their preferences, daily routines and schedules, work life, spare time activities, sports, shopping, social activities, celebrations and personal relationships, using the grammar rules and vocabulary they have learned. They will also be able to make comparisons, describe their moods, and express feelings and opinions as well as their experiences and future plans, using simple syntactic structures.
Basic Spanish II	SPA 120	School of Languages	This course involves a quick review of the topics covered at the Basic level. The students at this level learn to exchange information about the past, including biographical information and stories. They learn to use everyday expressions and to ask for help, advice and guidance and accept/decline offers. Students also develop discussion skills and learn to present arguments. Reading work continues with the books appropriate to the students' level.
Intermediate Spanish I	SPA 130	School of Languages	This course focuses on speaking and using the language in everyday situations. The students are exposed to different ways of expressing the future and to compare and contrast various tenses. They also learn to express themselves in the presence of an audience. Students continue with reading activities and tasks appropriate to their level.
Intermediate Spanish II	SPA 140	School of Languages	After a review of the previous level, more sophisticated language activities and skills are introduced. Body language is a new component. The students are expected to produce more detailed descriptions of physical and psychological states. The course also aims at improving the students' ability to narrate a story using linking words. Sentence- level error correction, debates and discussions are part of the course. Students carry out Intermediate level reading activities and tasks.
Pre-intermediate Spanish I	SPA 201	School of Languages	This course involves a quick review of the topics covered at the Basic level. The students at this level learn to exchange information about the past, including biographical information and stories. They learn to use everyday expressions and to ask for help, advice and guidance and accept/decline offers. Students also develop discussion skills and learn to present arguments. Reading work continues with the books appropriate to the students' level.
Pre-intermediate Spanish II	SPA 202	School of Languages	This course focuses on speaking and using the language in everyday situations. The students are exposed to different ways of expressing the future and to compare and contrast varios tenses. They also learn to express themselves in the presence of an audience. Students continue with reading activities and tasks appropriate to their level.
Intermediate Spanish	SPA 301	School of Languages	After a review of the previous level, more sophisticated language activities and skills are introduced. Body language is a new component. The students are expected to produce more detailed descriptions of physical and psychological states. The course also aims at improving the students' ability to narrate a story using linking words. Sentence- level error correction, debates and discussions are part of the course. Students carry out Intermediate level reading activities and tasks.
Upper-intermediate Spanish	SPA 302	School of Languages	This course focuses on the presentation of new ideas as well as expression of feelings and moods at a higher level. If clauses are introduced at this level. Students also watch a movie and read a book appropriate to their level after which they are expected to complete related work on the movie and the book.
Advanced Spanish I	SPA 401	School of Languages	This course aims to provide students with language, skills and strategies in the area of business Spanish, improving their communication skills and fluency in formal situations.
Advanced Spanish II	SPA 402	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of SPA 401 and aims to help students develop the language, skills and strategies they will need in the area of business Spanish, further improving their communication skills and fluency in formal situations.
Conversational Skills in Spanish	SPA 403	School of Languages	This course focuses on improving students' conversational and communication skills in Spanish. This is the final stage of oral skills development in Spanish after which students are able to converse with a high level of fluency and accuracy and also develop an awareness of social and cultural factors involved in communication.
Humanity and Society I	SPS 101	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an introduction to the study of the human experience in the pre-modern world (from early humans to mid 18th century). It brings together various disciplinary approaches and major topics of the pre-modern world in a roughly chronological order. There are three central aims of this course. The first aim is to present our students the challenges and potential in the scientific study of human experience through the introduction of various analytical tools from disciplines such as history, sociology, anthropology and economics. The idea is to show to our students that the human experience is as much the realm of scientific inquiry and critical thinking as it is the case with the natural world. The second aim is to introduce the basic dynamics of the pre-modern world before the 18th century so that students would be adequately equipped to follow our consecutive course SPS 102 about the modern era and the concept of modernity. Finally, this course also aims to emphasize the structured use of language, in this case English, for the purposes of knowledge production and critical analysis. It accepts the role of language in humanities and social sciences as important as calculus is for physics. To that end, it pays special attention to critical reading and writing as evident from the course structure.
Humanity and Society II	SPS 102	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides an introduction to the study of the human experience in the modern world. It brings together the history of major milestones in the modern era, from the mid-18th century to the 21st century, and prominent theoretical frameworks that are employed to analyze this transformative period in the history of our species. SPS 102 is designed to be a follow-up of SPS 101 and thus compliments the content and the academic skills that were previously introduced. There are three central aims of this course. The first aim is to present our students the challenges and potential in the scientific study of human experience through the introduction of various analytical tools from disciplines such as history, sociology, anthropology and economics. The second aim is to provide the intellectual foundations that would help our students to understand the dynamics of the contemporary world around them by historicizing its relatively recent formation in the history of humanity. Finally, this course also aims to emphasize the structured use of language, in this case English, for the purposes of knowledge production and critical analysis. It accepts the role of language in humanities and social sciences as important as calculus is for physics. To that end, it pays special attention to critical reading and writing as evident from the course structure.
Fundamentals of Scientific Inquiry and Statistical Reasoning for Social Sciences	SPS 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course provides the undergraduate students with an elementary but rigorous grip on the fundamentals of scientific inquiry and statistical reasoning. The course aims to introduce students to understanding the basis of inductive reasoning and assessments involving uncertainty as well as statistical concepts and techniques. The students will be exposed to probability, chance, causation, correlation, statistical hypothesis and testing. The course also includes practical application of these techniques.
Disciplines and Discourses	SPS 211	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A "unified field" view of the social sciences in terms of their origins, differentiation, and respective discourses. History as an "idiographical" inquiry, oriented to the unique. The crystallization of the "nomothetical" (generalizing and law-setting) disciplines of Economics, Sociology and Political Science. Eurocentrism and its East Europeanist, Balkanist, Orientalist, Islamist corollaries. The introduction of Anthropology for the "primitive peoples" and Oriental Studies for "high civillizations". Anthropology, Archeology and empire. The socio-historically constructed nature of our cognitive categories. Explorations of characteristic discourse- practices: what does it mean to know through an academic discipline? Typical procedures, notions of evidence, first principles, inductive or deductive epistemologies, "cultures of collecting". Late 20th century calls for "opening up" the social sciences.
Law and Ethics	SPS 303	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to encourage students to reflect on the meaning of being an individual and a citizen. Certain fundamental questions, posed by the ancients but persisting in their relevance, informs the structure of the course: What is good life? How should we live? What does the life of a virtuous individual and citizen consist of? How can the likely conflicts between the two be resolved? Related to these, the course also explores the diverse relationships between law and ethics and adresses issues such as political authority, representation and consent, freedom, justice, and equality.
Research Methods I	SPS 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Statistical reasoning and techniques used by social researchers to summarize data and test hypotheses. Topics include describing data collection, sampling measurement, distributions, cross-tabulations, scaling, probability,correlation/regression and non-parametric tests.
Quantitative Methods	SPS 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of this course is to provide students with a working knowledge as well as a critical understanding of quantitative research methods used by researchers in social sciences. The basic principles that inform social science approaches to quantitative research will be discussed and applied throughout the course as the strengths and limitations of various research methods are studied. Topics include: descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, analysis of variance, factorial design, content analysis and interaction and relational analysis.
Analysis of Social Networks	SPS 315	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a theoretical, methodological, and practical introduction to the analysis of social networks. Applications in different social science disciplines are systematically presented and discussed. Besides theoretical evaluation of the foundations of social network analysis students are guided to undertake collaborative empirical analyses of social networks
Approaches to Ethnic Conflict	SPS 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Many students of ethnicity and nationalism try to explain ethnic roots of conflicts and examine cases where ethnic conflicts with varied level of violence/non-violence. However, a study of ethnic conflict should encompass various dimensions of the issue including the causes, process, and outcomes. This course will use literature from sociology and anthropology to study the roots of ethnic conflicts, geography to discuss the spatial meanings attached to ethnic differences, literature from political science to examine how different political systems accommodate ethnic differences and ethnic violence and international relations to come up with possible strategies to prevent and reconcile them. We will also refer to historical case study examples.
Football, Nationality and the State	SPS 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Irrespective of gender, race, ethnicity or religion football occupies a central place in the daily lives of many people in the world. Viewed from this perspective football is not only a sport but it is also a social phenomenon. Football is deeply embedded in and relates to concepts like patriotism, nations, nationality, nationalism and the state. This course primarily aims to study football as a social phenomenon and to explore its political, social and cultural implications on a global scale. Football, as a political instrument whether employed for repression of the masses or as a way of expressing different identities is an exceptional game that carries the potential to help us to understand the complexities of modern society and politics.
Alcibiades and Philoctetes: Individual?s Talents and Rights in an Oligarchical Society	SPS 325	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Throughout history and fiction, individuals with outstanding talents within their social settings have been subjected to life-determining societal responses. A more general issue is the protection/transgression of an individual's rights when they are perceived to be at odds with the dominant forces of society. The problem becomes acute in oligarchical societies, which are controlled by a close-knit coalition insensitive to the larger benefit of the majority. The conflict between individual talent and reactionary oligarchy is vividly seen in the historical character of Alcibiades of Athens, during the Peloponnesian War. The conflict of oligarchic transgression over individual rights has been given attention in the story of Philoctetes in the Iliad, as masterfully brought into focus in the play by Sophocles, in the medieval novel The Abyss (L'Oeuvre au Noir) by Marguerite Yourcenar, and in the history of Piri Reis. A critical analysis of individual talents and rights under oligarchic encroachment will be conducted, with historical, biographical, and literary settings.
Global Environmental Challenges	SPS 374	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to provide an introduction to the global environmental challenges with their scientific, economic and political aspects from an interdisciplinary natural and social science perspective. This course equips students with skills to comprehend and analyses the historical background, as well as the future outlook of current environmental problems caused by the immense impact of human civilizations, particularly by economic growth and changing production-consumption patterns. Topics to be discussed include environmental pollution and ecological footprint, global issues such as ozone depletion, deforestation, climate change, and biodiversity loss, air pollution and other environmental health issues, urban environmental problems, food and water politics, plastic pollution and the oceans. Course include discussions of case studies for the solutions and movements for a sustainable future, such as eco-innovation, green economy, and environmentalist campaigns.
Climate Change and Environmental Politics	SPS 384	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces the essence of ecological crisis and environmental problems, and science and policy aspects of the environmental issues, especially of global climate change. Climate change is not only the most alarming planetary challenge, but also is at the nexus of the debate around international politics, environmental law, social movements and the search for sustainable economic alternatives. This course equips students with the skills and methodologies to use the basic notions of environmental politics such as ecological citizenship and environmental justice, which are also among the novel concepts in political theory . International environmental politics, green and environmental movements, climate governance and food politics are among the topics to be discussed.
Independent Study	SPS 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
State Formation	SPS 442	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will examine forms of stateness; their varieties and determinants. We will look at practice, language and ideas in Europe and Asia using historical sociological and anthropological perspectives. The course will also focus on the current transformations in state sovereignty that are entangled in processes of globalization.
Military in Society and Politics	SPS 452	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course analyzes the interaction between the military, society, and politics, with specific examples from Latin America, Africa, Middle East, and Asia. It introduces the main characteristics of the military organization and its professionalism, taking the Western model as the ideal. It examines how the role of the military in politics and society changes at various political, economic, and social development levels. It asks if the military is an institution that resolves conflicts within society by mediating between different sides, or an actor that pursues its own corporate interests. The course also focuses on the consequences of military interventions on politics, society, and the future of democracy. Keeping in mind the outcomes of military interventions, the course considers civilian control of the military in democracies
Minority Questions in Contemporary Türkiye	SPS 485	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	First decolonization and then the end of the Cold War have led to new waves of transnational movement. Mass immigration and floods of refugees have given rise to economic, social and cultural clashes, feeding into fresh problems of ethno-religious otherization that have come to haunt even the normally most stable and tolerant democracies of Europe. Simultaneously, Türkiye's EU process is bringing into question a number of minority issues that are the legacy of the transition from the multi-ethnic Ottoman empire into Balkan, Caucasian and Middle Eastern nation-states. What are these questions? Which groups are involved? How can cultural, linguistic and religious rights be applied to the relationship between majority and minority groups at the national and international levels? How can consciousness of ethnic, religious or cultural diversity be fostered and promoted as a common value? It is to such historical and contemporary problems that SPS 485 is addressed. For the possibility of taking this course at a graduate level, subject to certain additional requirements, see HIST 585.
Electromagnetics II	TE 202	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, wave propagation in free space, guides, reflections from perfect conducting and from dielectric interfaces, resonators/ antennas. Foundation for rf/microwave engineering.
Signals II	TE 212	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Discrete-time Fourier transform. Discrete-time processing of continuous-time signals. Basic communication concepts, modulation, AM, FM, pulse amplitude modulation. Laplace transform, system response. Z-transform. Systems characterized by differential and difference equations. Control systems and feedback. Uncertainty and randomness in signals and systems.
Introduction to Signal Processing and Information Systems	TE 301	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Discrete-time Fourier transform. Discrete-time processing of continuous-time signals. Basic communication concepts, modulation, AM, FM, pulse amplitude modulation. Laplace transform, system response. Z-transform. Systems characterized by differential and difference equations. Control systems and feedback. Uncertainty and randomness in signals and systems.
Discrete-Time Signals and Systems	TE 302	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Review of linear discrete-time systems and sampled and discrete-time signals; Fourier analysis, discrete and fast Fourier transforms; interpolation and decimation; design of infinite-impulse response and finite impulse response filters. introduction to real time processing using Digital Signal Processors (DSP) chips.
Introduction to Communication Systems	TE 303	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Analog and digital modulation and demodulation theory. Review of probability theory and stochastic processes. Statistical characterization of noise and communication channels. Performance of communication systems in the presence of noise.
Digital Communications	TE 304	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Theory and techniques of modern digital communications. Communication limits; modulation and detection; data transmission over channels with intersymbol interference; optimal and suboptimal sequence detection; equalization. Error correction coding; trellis-coded modulation; multiple access.
Electromagnetics II	TE 305	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Electromagnetic induction, Maxwell's equations, wave propagation in free space, guides, reflections from perfect conducting and from dielectric interfaces, resonators/ antennas. Foundation for rf/microwave engineering.
Microwaves	TE 401	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Generation, transmission, control, and detection of electromagnetic waves. Antennas, cavities, couplers. Path loss, multipath, modulation techniques. Passive and active microwave devices, including filters, amplifiers, mixers, couplers, power dividers, and diplexers, that constitute wireless communication systems between the antenna and the digital signal processor.
Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication	TE 402	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Dipoles, loops, reflectors, Yagis, helices, slots, horns, microstrips. Antennas as transitions between guided and free radiation, ultrasound analogue. Pattern measurements. Radar equations. Feeds, matching, baluns. Broadbanding. Arrays, aperture synthesis, interferometry, very-long- baseline interferometry. Thermal radiation, antenna temperature, microwave passive remote sensing.
Multimedia Communication	TE 404	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Data transmission and encoding. Error detection techniques. Automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocols. Medium access control techniques: Aloha, CSMA/CD, GSM, Token Ring, FDDI, Network control stability. High-speed gigabit networks. ATM. Performance evaluation and monitoring M/M/1 Queues and networks of Queues.
Digital Speech and Audio Processing	TE 405	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Linear Predictive modelling of Speech. Pitch Estimation Speech Modelling. Speech Coding using Linear Predictive methods: LPC-10, CELP, MELP algorithms. Speech recognition, and synthesis. Audio processing and coding, MPEG standard.
Computer Vision	TE 407	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Introduction to Computer Vision, Human Visual System, Image Formation, Pointwise Image Operations, Image Intensity Transformations, Geometric/Coordinate Transforms, Interpolation, Image Neighborhood Operations, Spatial Filtering, Edge Detection, Feature Extraction, Principal Component Analysis and Applications, Morphological Image Processing, Basic Segmentation, Thresholding techniques, Motion/Dynamic Scenes, Color and texture, Object/Shape Modeling / Recognition
Signal Processing Design and Implementation	TE 409	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Development of real-time digital signal processing (DSP) systems using a DSP microprocessor; several structured laboratory exercises, such as sampling and real-time time discrete-time filtering, median filtering, FFT implementation. DSP projects.
Information and Coding Theory	TE 410	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	Mathematical models for communication channels and sources; entropy, information, lossless data compression, Huffman coding, channel capacity, Shannon's theorems rate-distortion theory.
Wireless Communications	TE 412	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences	The cellular concept, channel assignment strategies, frequency reuse, handoff strategies, interference and system capacity, mobile radio propagation: large-scale path loss, small-scale fading and multipath, modulation techniques for mobile radio, diversity combining techniques, multiple access techniques for wireless communications.
Special Topics in Telecommunications	TE 480	Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Communication Skills in Turkish	TLL 001	School of Languages	Communication Skills in Turkish is a two-semester course for the students of Foundation Development Year students, which aims at the improvement of students' academic thinking and writing skills through the mastery of Turkish. The main objectives are to display the interconnectedness of the skills such as critical thinking, reading, writing, listening and speaking; to teach practical techniques for a more effective use of these skills; to orientate students towards a critical and analytical use of the language through an efficient perception and practice of multi-layered nature of academic work(research, pre-writing preparations, drafting, revising and rewriting); and to help students comprehend academic communication as a process of collective learning through peer evaluation tasks. Students are expected to write several essays, prepare an oral presentation, carry out peer evaluation, and engage in some listening and reading comprehension tasks throughout the course.
Turkish for FDP II	TLL 002	School of Languages
Turkish Language and Literature I	TLL 101	School of Languages	This literature course aims to discuss the modernization process of the late Ottoman-early Republican period through literary texts. Organized in a coordinated and related manner with the HIST 191, the course has two complementary goals: (1) to examine how the history of modernization of the 19th century is reflected in literature and, at the same time, how literature affects the formation of this history; (2) to gain theoretical and practical skills on how to read, discuss, and interpret a literary text in written or oral form. In line with these goals, students are expected to read and discuss these literary texts and related secondary sources in two-hour discussion sessions each week and to prepare oral presentations and written works on these texts.
Turkish Language and Literature II	TLL 102	School of Languages	This literature course is a continuation of TLL 101 and aims to analyze novels, short stories, plays, and poems of Turkish literature written in the period beginning from the early 20th century until today, focusing on issues related to the modernization history of Türkiye. The aim of the course, which is constructed in coordination and correlation with HIST 192, is twofold: On the one hand, it aims to analyze and discuss how the Republican Turkish history is reflected in literature and how in turn literature affects this history, and on the other hand, it aims to develop students' theoretical and practical skills in reading discussing and interpreting literary texts. This is achieved by using primary literary texts produced by prominent authors in this period as well as numerous critical texts on these authors. Students are expected to participate in the discussions on these works and the related secondary sources, prepare oral presentations and write papers.
Ottoman Turkish I	TLL 110	School of Languages	This course aims to introduce basic reading & writing principles of Ottoman Turkish. Mainly, students will be taught how to read and write Ottoman letters & scripts before starting to work on basic printed texts. The main principles of Medieval/Ottoman Turkish grammar and their usage in Ottoman Turkish will also be introduced. Another important aspect of this course is to inform the students with the use of dictionaries to solve problems encountered in the assigned texts, and widening their perspectives on the variety of Ottoman texts and Ottoman book culture. There will be weekly reading & writing assessments and in-class exercises.
Basic Ottoman Turkish II	TLL 120	School of Languages	TLL 120 aims to enhance the reading skills of students who have already taken TLL 110 or an equivalent course. While concentrating mainly on printed texts TLL 120 also provide introductory knowledge on different styles of script as well initiating the students to a collection of document types selected from different historical periods. Also this course geared to provide the essential tools and skills that would enable a researcher to assess and analyze primary Ottoman sources (such as those that are dealt with in the paleography courses offered in the History Graduate Program).
Ottoman Turkish II	TLL 130	School of Languages	This course aims to introduce advanced grammar of Ottoman Turkish. The students participating in the course will first learn how to read major Ottoman printed materials. Therefore, it is aimed that the participants will be able to deal with different types of Ottoman sources, and especially with historical texts. Another important aspect of this course is to familiarize the students with the use of dictionaries to solve problems encountered in the assigned texts, and widening their perspectives on the variety of Ottoman texts and Ottoman printing culture. There will be weekly reading assessments and in-class exercises.
Intermediate Ottoman Turkish II	TLL 140	School of Languages	This course is mostly focused on reading printed and handwritten Ottoman documents such as archives, newspapers, chronicals and etc. There can be aditional reading materials due to the interest of students according to their field of study. The lessons will start with the most common handwriting style called Rik’a and will continue to read other handwriting styles such as Celi, Sülüs, Divani. In addition to that, Old Ottoman Turkish Grammar (14th- 15th. century) will be taught and its some specific documents will be read such as The cronical of Seljuk-name.
Ottoman Paleography	TLL 150	School of Languages	This course aims to introduce paleographic specialties of Ottoman Turkish. The students participating in the course will first learn how to read major Ottoman handwriting styles such as talik, rik’a and divani. Therefore, it is aimed that the participants will be able to deal with different types of Ottoman sources, and especially with manuscripts. Another important aspect of this course is to familiarize the students with the use of dictionaries to solve problems encountered in the assigned texts, and widening their perspectives on the variety of Ottoman texts and Ottoman handmade book culture. There will be weekly reading assessments and in-class exercises.
Beginning and Intermediate Ottoman I	TLL 301	School of Languages	TLL 301 is a course designed to constitute a solid introduction to the Ottoman language and script. TLL 301 provides rigorous familiarization with the technical aspects of the Ottoman script in conjunction with a comprehensive review of the grammatical characteristics of Ottoman Turkish. The sequence as a whole is more intensive than the standard Beginning Ottoman course, and aims to enable students to take thematically focused advanced paleography courses from their second year onward.
Beginning and Intermediate Ottoman II	TLL 302	School of Languages	TLL 301 and 302 are courses designed to constitute a solid introduction to the Ottoman language and script. TLL 301 involves a comprehensive overview of the grammatical characteristics of Ottoman Turkish in conjuction with dwelling upon the technical aspects of Ottoman script. TLL 302, on the other hand, aims to enhance the reading skills of students who have already taken TLL 301 or an equivalent course. While concentrating mainly on printed texts TLL 302 also provides introductory knowledge on different styles of script as well initiating the students to a collection of document types selected from different historical periods. In sum, the two courses are geared to provide the essential tools and skills that would enable a researcher to assess and analyse primary Ottoman sources (such as those that are dealt with in the paleography courses offered in the History Graduate Program).
Ottoman Turkish III: Advanced Ottoman	TLL 303	School of Languages	This course is intended to enable students to attain basic proficiency in reading handwritten primary sources. It assumes that the student has already been introduced to the main calligraphic styles and genres of Ottoman Turkish. We will spend most of our time on official documents, but we shall also be looking at prose narratives. The archival documents dimension will be organized according to the three main calligraphic styles of rika, divani and talik. By types of documents, this section will comprise late 19th century berats and fermans as well as muhimme and shariyya records. The narrative dimension will be familiarizing students with the structure (as well as the specific jargon) of prose texts while also enhancing their self-confidence about their ability to read an entire work in Ottoman Turkish (such as Kâtip Çelebi's Mizan al-hakk or others)
Digital Humanities	TS 320	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course covers digital humanities with theoretical and practical approaches. It examines the different application areas of digital technologies in the humanities and social sciences. It focuses on current methodological and theoretical discussions on the emerging field of digital humanities. Following the discussion of “data” in social sciences and humanities, the course turns to practices of data management and data cleaning. Of the many methods of digital humanities, four are covered in this course: textual analysis, data visualization, network analysis, mapping. After these methods are introduced, they will be practiced in the classroom with related software.
Basic Turkish I	TUR 001	School of Languages	Basic Turkish I is designed as an introductory course to the Turkish language and aims to help students develop basic level grammar and oral skills and to raise their awareness of processes involved in effective communication.
Basic Turkish II	TUR 002	School of Languages	Basic Turkish II is a continuation of TUR 001 and aims to help students further develop basic level grammar and oral skills and to raise their awareness of processes involved in effective communication.
Basic Turkish I	TUR 101	School of Languages	Basic Turkish I is designed as an introductory course to the Turkish language and aims to help foreign students develop basic level grammar and oral skills and to raise their awareness of processes involved in effective communication.
Basic Turkish II	TUR 102	School of Languages	Basic Turkish II is acontinuation of TUR 101 and aims to help foreign students further develop basic level grammar and oral skills and to raise their awareness of processes involved in effective communication.
Basic Turkish	TUR 113	School of Languages	The Basic Turkish Course is designed as an introductory course to learning Turkish. The main aim of the course is gaining basic level grammar knowledge and vocabulary in parallel with improving reading, writing and speaking skills. In addition, by providing students with basic information on Turkish culture, the course also aims to enable students to communicate at a basic level in their daily lives.
Intermediate Turkish I	TUR 201	School of Languages	Intermediate Turkish I Pre-intermediate Turkish I This course is a continuation of the Basic level Turkish courses . The course aims to help foreign students further develop their linguistic, lexical and syntactic knowledge as well as their knowledge of the language and everyday communication skills.
Intermediate Turkish II	TUR 202	School of Languages
Intermediate Turkish	TUR 223	School of Languages	This course requires knowledge of Basic Turkish. The course aims to improve the students’ grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing and speaking skills. The course also enables the students to communicate effectively in various situations and contexts using interactive tasks and activities related to real life.
Advanced Readings in Turkish for Foreigners I	TUR 403	School of Languages	This course aims at students' understanding of modern Turkish texts, namely short stories, poems, articles, essays, and theses written from 1910s up to the present. Building on the language skills acquired in intermediate level Turkish grammar courses, the course will help students improve their reading and writing skills in Turkish. Readings will cover topics in modern Turkish language, history, literature, society, and politics, and will support students' actual research in Turkish Studies or related fields. Assignments will include: reading of the daily course material; translations from and into Turkish; response papers and essays written in Turkish; work on vocabulary concentration and work on colloquial, idiomatic, and technical phrases.
Advanced Readings in Turkish for Foreigners II	TUR 404	School of Languages	This course is a continuation of TUR 403 and aims at students' understanding of modern Turkish texts, namely short stories, poems, articles, essays, and theses written from 1910s up to the present. Readings will cover topics in modern Turkish language, history, literature, society, and politics, and will support students' actual research in Turkish Studies or related fields. Assignments will include: reading of the daily course material; translations from and into Turkish; response papers and essays written in Turkish; work on vocabulary concentration and work on colloquial, idiomatic, and technical phrases.
Advanced Readings in Turkish for Foreigners	TUR 405	School of Languages	The course requires knowledge of at least Intermediate Turkish grammar. During classes, students read texts about contemporary Turkish history, literature, society, culture and politics which support students’ studies in relation to Türkiye. The course also includes written work and presentations such as translations and summaries related to the readings covered.
Visual Language I	VA 201	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course intends to convey the basic knowledge of seeing. Various methods for the organization of visual elements are utilised in the projects produced by students throughout the semester. These projects will be jointly discussed during the studio critiques to develop necessary skills in reading and analysing visual statements.
Visual Language II	VA 202	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course is a continuation of VA201. At this stage the students will be introduced to the principles of three-dimensional design. The aim of the course course is to analyse the fundamental methods of producing 3 -D objects and issues of spatial organization. A part of the semester will be devoted to introduction to basic typography and exercises in relating 2-D design to the third dimension.
Language of Drawing I	VA 203	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of the course is to introduce basic ways of visual perception such as lines, shapes, darkness-light. In the second phase of the course the participants are expected to develop their skills of observation towards nature, man-made objects and human figures.
Language of Drawing II	VA 204	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a continuation of VA 203. Advanced tasks and individual experiments on large-scale drawings and renderings are to be performed in the studio. The focus is on broadening ways of perception, interplay of light and dark, use of color and paint, and general improvement of the individual's drawing skills with the guidance of the instructor.
Introduction to Multimedia	VA 210	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course aims to study multimedia as defined by MIT Media Lab's Nicholas Negroponte: "Taking the audiovisual richness out of broadcast and entertainment, the depth of knowledge and information out of publishing, and the interactivity of computers - all put together in the sensory deep rich interactive systems we call multimedia." This particular sequence of introductory classes focuses on the design of communication tools which link people to their surroundings. The course will take advantage of the inherent multi-disciplinary nature of multimedia by covering the basics including; computer hardware and peripherals, file formats, resolution and color, screen composition, photography, graphic design, concept development, flowcharting, storyboarding, visualization techniques, presentation formats, production methods, desktop publishing and the principles of user interface design in general. No prior computer experience beyond the word processor is expected.
History of Advertising and Visual Communication Design	VA 212	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces the student to an historical perspective of graphic design starting from the origins of printing and typography to the postmodern/present day visual communication design. It aims to provide a conceptual and pictorial overview of significant stages in visual communication design activities. The designs of key periods will be discussed and investigated with respect to their social and economic impacts on the society.
Visual Culture	VA 215	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	As an introduction to Visual Studies, this course will examine a range of differently produced visual objects. Moving across a field which includes traditionally produced fine art objects to photography, film TV and digital media, from video to performance to fashion the course will consider different accounts of visual culture: how visual objects are understood, interpreted and evaluated. The course may therefore touch upon theories of aesthetics as well as on other accounts of the significance and value of modes of visual communication.
Introduction to Photography	VA 228	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to introduce the student to the varied aspects of photography and to develop the student’s ability to read, describe, and interpret photographic images. It covers topics like, the history of photography, major photographic works of the 20th century, and contemporary photographers. Genres like portraiture, photo journalism, landscape, narrative, and conceptual and other facets such as, shutter speed and aperture, framing and compositional techniques, natural lighting and white balance effects are central points of interest.
Design with Typography	VA 234	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is based on the study of letterforms, typography image and concept relationships for effective communication. The language of typography, building a visual vocabulary, the personality of type, review of fonts and font families, exploring size, arrangement of text, creative use of space, communication through letterforms, working with words and color are the issues and subjects to be investigated.
Project and Internship	VA 300	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a non-credit, elective course that aims to foster field work experience in the student's chosen area of study. The course offers the students the opportunities to gain insights into the nuances of business and social environments; to learn about specific issues facing firms in the domestic and the global market; to improve their understanding of other cultures and societies; to foster research; to outreach to the global community. The course aims to enable students to learn about the conditions under which they would launch successful start-ups and expose them to the breadth of various issues. In order to realise these goals, the course includes experiential opportunities for students to put their new skills to work in real-world settings in line with their program requirements. A summer project or internship is mandatory for fulfilling the course requirements.
Art Studio I	VA 301	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introduction to painting, sculpture and to basic notions of art making. Studio research into the numerous possibilities of various styles and approaches to visual art.
Art Studio II	VA 302	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introduction to actual space of the artwork. The studio work will aim to provide access to a vast array of media and conceptual approaches to making and thinking about art. The faculty and students will jointly work on mixed media, installation, kinetics, electronic media and other contemporary practices.
Design Studio I	VA 303	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Coverage of the basic concepts of Graphic Design, such as Typography, Page Layout and Image creation and processing and their basic interactions.
Design Studio II	VA 304	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	An investigation into the implementation of design elements within design concepts; i.e. the creation of designs within conceptual frameworks through a broad focus towards multimedia and web design projects.
Introduction to Multimedia	VA 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course aims to study multimedia as defined by MIT Media Lab's Nicholas Negroponte: "Taking the audiovisual richness out of broadcast and entertainment, the depth of knowledge and information out of publishing, and the interactivity of computers - all put together in the sensory deep rich interactive systems we call multimedia. " This particular sequence of introductory classes focuses on the design of communication tools which link people to their surroundings. The course will take advantage of the inherent multi-disciplinary nature of multimedia by covering the basics including; computer hardware and peripherals, file formats, resolution and color, screen composition, photography, graphic design, concept development, flowcharting, storyboarding, visualization techniques, presentation formats, production methods, desktop publishing and the principles of user interface design in general. No prior computer experience beyond the word processor is expected.
Art and Design Practices in the City	VA 311	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The goal of this course is to introduce the students to the different kinds, sizes, modes and formats of art, design and cultural institutions / venues and circles in Istanbul. The team of students and the course professor / TA visit different venues and meet scholars, professionals, managers, directors and various individuals who work in pertinent fields. Through the excursions to be made physically in the city and introductions, the students gain a deeper understanding of the art, design, and culture scene in Istanbul and its significance in the global context. They will also have the opportunity to engage in critical artistic, cultural, managerial, social, economic discussions and analyses of the institutions and individuals they encounter.
History of Visual Communication	VA 312	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course introduces the student to an historical the origins of printing and typography to the postmodern/present day visual communication design. It aims to provide a conceptual and pictorial overview of significant stages in visual communication design activities. The designs of key periods will be discussed and investigated with respect to their social and economic impacts on the society.
Visual Culture	VA 315	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	As an introduction to Visual Studies, this course will examine a range of differently produced visual objects. Moving across a field which includes traditionally produced fine art objects to photography, film TV and digital media, from video to performance to fashion the course will consider different accounts of visual culture: how visual objects are understood, interpreted and evaluated. The course may therefore touch upon theories of aesthetics as well as on other accounts of the significance and value of modes of visual communication.
Fine Art Practice	VA 321	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is a hands-on studio course aimed to provide the students with the opportunity to enhance their creative skills through the completion of set projects in wide range of artistic fields. The course addresses aspects of practice common to all forms of visual art activity, such as coming into existence of artistic ideas, conducting various methods of self-directed visual research for recording and producing artistic ideas and images. Students are required to keep paper or digital journal as a resource and a reference for the development of an innovative and personal approach to ideas and techniques
Digital Art Practice	VA 322	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course involves the exploration into the common aspects of visual arts with an emphasis on the digital artistic practice. Students are expected to do visual research and develop ideas in journals in paper or other appropriate forms and digital media for experimentation and visualization. Exploring potential interrelationships between media, established and new, the projects produced in this course will demonstrate a capacity for independent creative thinking and a consolidation of technical, imaginative, and expressive skills. The course will also place emphasis on the development of a critical and theoretical framework for the evolving practice of digital art.
Figure Drawing	VA 323	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This is an advanced drawing course to improve skills of drawing by studying proportions of human body and anatomy based on observation of live models standing and in motion. There will be studies of the model alongside still life objects as well as utilising other drawing methods ranging from photographic-slide and video projections over the models. Different drawing materials and techniques such as computer enlargements and transformations will be used to enrich the students' individual perception and expression abilities.
Advanced Drawing	VA 324	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will guide the participant to experiment with various drawing techniques, develop and try out self-created materials, paints and tools. This approach aims to help students to find out their individual processes and use of tools for artistic drawings
Interface Design	VA 325	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course is an introduction to the study and design of interfaces in general. Interfaces represent how people interact and are crucial to the success of any project as they link the projected audience to the material to be conveyed. The aim in this course is to enable students to apply the principles of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) to the study / design of useful, usable, and effective user interfaces.
Studio Photography and Lighting Techniques	VA 327	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to develop the student's digital photographic skills in camera use, studio lighting, and image processing. It focuses on: basic camera techniques such as exposure, white balance, ISO, shutter speed and depth-of-field; the appropriate use of lighting like key lights, side lights, hair lights, natural/outdoor lighting and the use of diffusers and reflectors; and lastly, an emphasis will be placed on the combined use of both in-camera and lighting techniques for achieving specific photographic effects. Additionally, the course introduces digital imaging processes like color correction, sharpness, burning and dodging, and the preparation of images for the web and print.
Digital and Photographic Imaging	VA 328	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce the student to digital and photographic imaging technologies and techniques in a studio setting. Each student will be guided so as to both grasp those technologies and techniques, including 'post-production' software applications as well as more traditional developing and printing, and to develop their own artistic and design work using those techniques.
Photography and Expression	VA 329	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Visual expression is the essence of visual communication / multimedia design. Photography is the one of the most important components of this interactive design process. This class helps the students to discover and experiment ways to express their design ideas through photography. The objective is to create photographs that tell stories or create moods
Illustration as Communication	VA 331	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course concentrates on the fundamentals of illustration as a communication design tool. Diverse illustration techniques and their applications from layout level to final output will be the main focus of the course. Processes in digital media as well as conventional illustration methods will be interchangeably utilized.
Digital and Photographic Imaging	VA 332	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will introduce the student to digital and photographic imaging technologies and techniques in a studio setting. Each student will be guided so as to both grasp those technologies and techniques, including 'post-production' software applications as well as more traditional developing and printing, and to develop their own artistic and design work using those techniques.
Content Creation and Design for Websites	VA 333	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will take a two step approach towards creating websites which hold meaningful, i.e., well researched and discussed content that is presented in a well-designed, easily understandable and navigable manner. During the first phase of the course students will first research a topic of their own choosing, for which they will subsequently put together written and visual content that is the outcome of the research that has been conducted. In the second phase of the course a website in which this content is displayed will be undertaken.
Design with Typography	VA 334	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is based on the study of letterforms, typography image and concept relationships for effective communication. The language of typography, building a visual vocabulary , the personality of type, review of fonts and font families, exploring size, arrangement of text, creative use of space, communication through letterforms, working with words and color are the issues and subjects to be investigated.
Sound and Image	VA 335	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores sound fundamentals as an ingredient of art and design, focusing on varied sound segments for installation, performance, video/film, websites, and audio CD. The course is intended for art and design students as well as persons involved in sound related work and interested in basic knowledge of sound and acoustic. Prior design experience would be useful but not necessary. Appropriate recording methods, recording specific events and broadcasting it simultaneously are some other subjects that the course covers.
Interactive Sound	VA 336	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on the use of interactive sound for creative applications. Topics include applied programming for live sound analysis, synthesis and processing and the use of external devices to control live computer-based sound performances.
Online Design Strategies	VA 337	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to help senior design students develop their problem solving skills for corporate as well as non-profit online projects. They will be required to provide creative solutions towards several unique cases most of which involve maintaining a corporate identity online. Students will also experience the need to adapt to future changes in the industry and aspects of working with long term clients.
Animated Design On The Web	VA 344	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A sequel to the fall course VA333 (Web Design), the course will focus on designing animated web sites, i.e. Flash sites. The possibilities of 2D and 3D animation on the web, as well as the concept of interactive animation will be explored, specifically encouraging students to express their individuality and creativity.The primary software is Macromedia Flash, although a full range of other software will also be brought into play.
Creative Coding	VA 345	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course explores code at a conceptual level with the aim of using computation as an expressive and creative tool. It addresses topics such as generative audio-visuals, computational art, scripting for common media tools.
Independent Study	VA 399	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course allows students to explore an area of academic interest not currently covered in regular course offerings. Under the supervision of a faculty member, students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning, including developing together a reading list and forms of evaluation. Students must receive the approval of a supervisor faculty member prior to enrollment.
Art Studio III	VA 401	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	After the intentionally eclectic program of the third studio year, the students at this stage are expected to move towards a personal approach to producing and reflecting about art. While the work becomes self-reliant, collective studio critiques will encourage and guide the student to ask the substantive questions about individual goals.
Art Studio IV	VA 402	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	In this semester the students are expected to develop their own body of artistic works. Both collective and individualised studio critiques will continue throughout the semester. Issues of professional practice and presentation methods will be researched and reviewed.
Design Studio III	VA 403	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introducing multimedia design elements; i.e. sound, interactivity, animation and the combination thereof within a graphic presentation.
Design Studio IV	VA 404	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Introducing multimedia design elements; i.e. sound, interactivity, animation and the combination thereof within a graphic presentation.
Post 60 Turkish Art	VA 413	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The post-60 period in Türkiye is open to an immense transformation at the levels of the social, cultural and the political. The period witnesses the birth of the popular culture and the emergence of the civil society as a relatively autonomous body. The art produced in this period is prolific and varies in style. The course will discuss the 1960-2000 period in Türkiye with particular emphasis on the determining social and cultural changes.
History of Digital and Electronic Arts	VA 416	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will study the fields of digital and electronic arts, their historical development and contemporary theoretical and aesthetic contexts together with their technical and scientific foundations and convergences. Students will gain an understanding of how artists responded to- and participated in- the development of science and technology in the 20th century and how a range of new interdisciplinary approaches emerged that re-shaped art and science interactions and helped re-define scientific and technological thinking in the arts of the 21st century. The course will explore a diverse range of media and include computational and generative art, code art, net-art, interactive art and digital installations and synthetic worlds. It will also show how art and artists have helped contribute to the development of computational theories like cybernetics, artificial intelligence and artificial life.
Concepts & Debates in Contemporary Art	VA 420	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	There is perhaps nothing more characteristic of art thought of as modern than that it has given rise to debates - about its value, meaning, purpose or even existence as art as such. This course will review those debates, and explore the relations between these debates and their consequences, if any, in a changing field of art. It will also review the definitions of the modern and its others implied by these debates.
Art, Culture, Technology	VA 423	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The advent of new technologies has sometimes been accompanied by announcements of the end of art. Conversely, it has been argued that technologies have been invented in order to provide a means of apparently satisfying a demand which has been generated by art. This course will review these various conceptualisations of the relations and perhaps non-relations between art and technology. As the goals of art have shifted or redefined, the relations between art and culture have also altered. The course will therefore consider these shifts too in order to arrive at a better understanding of the stakes of the practice and the criticism of art today.
Advanced Topics in Typography	VA 424	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course builds an advanced understanding of typographic technique through in depth analyses of: forms of letters; text and tonal value; and the elements of typographic style. Students will deal with topics ranging from corporate communications; public information design, literature and storytelling and intellectual meditations
Pinhole Photograhy	VA 428	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This studio course introduces the student to a variety of lens-less camera building techniques and photographic pinhole aesthetics. It discusses the uses of lens-less photography in both historical and theoretical contexts. The role of the pinhole photograph as a contemporary art form is examined. The course begins with a simple matchbox camera and advance to telephoto, wide-angle, panoramic and digital pinhole cameras.
Art Analysis: Theory and Criticism	VA 430	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of the course is to introduce theories of aesthetics from its early formulations to the present day. The students will be informed about post-1945 art theories and critical movements such as structuralism, post-structuralism and feminist art. The connection and interdependency between art and theory in the same period will be discussed. Students will be encouraged to produce written pieces which critically evaluate artworks.
Videography and Narrative Making	VA 431	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Students are introduced to the methods of video production and post production. They will learn to write video script, visualizing storyboard, directing, cinematography and editing. They are expected to explore different ways of seeing, framing and composing narrative based upon his or her creative content of narrative making.
Vision, Representation and Cinema	VA 432	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Cinema is the art of the 20th century. Though its birth goes all the way back to the 19th century it is, in this long century that cinema has been the medium of high and low art, the medium of propaganda and popular culture. The show and entertainment business of the last century and the consumer culture came out has both contributed to and benefited from the cinema. On the other hand, cinema has transformed the visual culture dramatically as a matter of visuality. It is after the introduction of the movies of the 1920s that human understanding of visuality has taken a radical shift as a consequence of cinema's relation to various aspects, such as psychoanalysis In this regard cinema might be taken as the basic art of the past century with none of the realms of art and social life being ignorant to it. The course will expose the students to the reality both produced and transformed in cinema. Each week a certain field, such as history, politics, psychoanalysis, gender, marginality, will be selected and accordingly films will be analysed to find out how the reality of that specific area is represented. On the background the students will discuss and analyse the basic concerns and concepts of modernity. The course, in this context, will conjointly survey the history, problematics and arts of the past century as well as the adventure of cinema as a technique and art.
3D Modelling	VA 433	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The student is introduced to the benefits of learning digital media through studio practices. The main focus is to understand digital modelling tools, ways of modelling, modelling techniques, texture mapping on various modelling geometry and modelling for animations. This is a fundamental course for those who are interested in computer animation and computer graphics in the field of games, movie, multimedia and interactive production.
3D Animation	VA 434	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Sequel to 3D Modelling course, student is introduced to the process of animation and multidisciplinary design as a team experience. Students polish their skills and advance their knowledge in digital media production, by assigning and completing targeted task in the area of 3D animation.
Documentary: Context and Practice-I	VA 435	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Since the mid-1800s, people have used still images (photography) and since 1890s, moving images and later sound (film) to represent reality as they perceive it and/or as they choose to represent it. The history of non-fiction film or documentary cinema, is a series of experimentations in the representation of reality. Since the beginning, with these experimentations, debates about ethical, aesthetic, political issues in representation have been unfolding. This course will offer a critical look at the historical development of non-fiction film forms and modes. We will cover documentary theories and criticism, and related issues including ethics and problematics of representation. Students will work on a series of short video exercises and write a series of short responses to the films and the readings. At the end of the semester, students are expected to submit a term paper and a proposal for a project to be implemented next semester.
Documentary: Context & Practice II	VA 436	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is a continuation of FILM 435, where we have looked at the historical development of non-fiction film forms and modes, major theories, and related issues including ethics and problematics of representation. This semester our focus will again be two-fold. Through recent documentaries, we will be looking at the current issues and debates in the world of non-fiction filmmaking, as well as practical challenges faced by filmmakers. Throughout the semester, various filmmakers will be invited to present and discuss their work. On the practice side, each student will have an opportunity to experiment with representation of reality by making a short non-fiction film and presenting it at various stages in a workshop format.
Experimental Film and Video	VA 437	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	A comprehensive study of experimental film and video through screenings, readings, discussions, and creative practice, this course offers a critical exploration of the history and theory of experimental and avant-garde film and video, including the impact of new technologies and current practices. Students create a series of short experimental videos to explore new ways to express themselves.
Envisioning Information	VA 439	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This introductory course aims to help students grasp the unique place of information visualization within the wider spectrum of Visual Communication Design. The course covers some of the basics of data visualization and investigates creative ways of shaping information through the use of design principles. The students work on projects that involve data collection, use of charts and timelines, infographics and wayfinding systems. Topic related examples, research, readings and viewings are also incorporated into the class material.
Motion Graphics and Art	VA 440	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The student is introduced to the principles and elements of motion design through studio practices. This course emphasizes on the relationship between typography principles and animation fundamentals. Students relate their experimental videos with kinetic typography to synthesize the language of motion between text and image for time-based media
Visiting Artist Studio	VA 441	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will be taught by a visiting artist. Sabancı University intends to invite regularly local and international artists to teach studio courses within the VA/VCD program. The content and issues covered in the course will be determined by each visiting artist.
Visiting Designer Studio	VA 442	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course will be taught by a visiting designer. Sabancı University intends to invite regularly local and international designers to teach studio courses within the VA/VCD program. The content and issues covered in the course will be determined by each visiting designer.
Interaction Design	VA 444	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course is designed to focus on screen based interaction issues. During the course, students will become familiar with the topic with using various tools and applications that are commonly used in professional interaction design work and they will be introduced to the works of practitioners in the field. Advanced programming techniques in various scripting languages will be covered.
Issues in Contemporary Performance Art	VA 445	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	What issues are significant in the analysis and the practices of performance art, and how have they developed? Conflicting narratives of the history of the genre have developed in the US and Europe. These genealogies don't merely give an account of the art form-they also both enabled and delimited the work of artists and the ways that spectators view them. By examining and critiquing the dominant narratives of the history of performance art, I hope to offer alternative ways of understanding the significance(s) of the genre. I will take into account works that have been crucial to the field, attending to the multiple layers, voices and practices that lay within it.
History and Aesthetics of Electroacoustic Music	VA 446	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	After its practical emergence in the late 1940's, electroacoustic music became an integral part of 20th and 21st century music history. This course explores the aesthetical, ideological and technical evolution of electroacoustic music in historical context. It aims to investigate the sound processing techniques, and in order to establish a critical listening perspective, which can be considered as a fundamental element for the perception of electroacoustic compositions.
Construction/Deconstruction in 3 Dimensional Space	VA 450	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The aim of this course is to ask questions about inner and surrounding space of a 3 dimensional art work. Ideas on construction and deconstruction of sculptures installation will be covered by studying cases in the 20th Art History and critics on students practice in various studio techniques
Psychoanalysis and Film	VA 452	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	It is often observed that the institutions of psychoanalysis and cinema are roughly the same age. This course investigates the ways in which film theory and criticism have been influenced by psychoanalysis and explores the ways in which psychoanalytic theories have informed cinema, either through film form or through plotting and characterization. The course will provide a working understanding of fundamental psychoanalytic concepts and will offer exercise in psychoanalytical film analysis. Each lecture will begin by the screening of a film, proceed by discussing a psychoanalytic concept and conclude by a focus on the intersection points of the readings and the films. By the end of the course, the students will be able to develop their own ideas about film in relation to these theories and apply them to further examples.
Design Thinking	VA 453	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Today design lies at the crossroads of culture, technology, society, environment and business. This course aims to look at this unique intersection and the role of the 21st century designer not just as a "creator" but as a thinker, initiator, collaborator, entrepreneur. Design thinking methodologies are employed to generate creative ideation and students are expected to express their views, join discussions and contribute material to further develop their understanding and awareness of the thinking that goes into design.
Physical Computing	VA 455	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course explores various methods and design systems for the purpose of collaboratively applying physical computing while building an interactive physical environment. The course also supplements a series of written theoretical ideas about the topic. Basics of building circuits and developing software to communicate with microcontrollers and computers will be introduced.
De-coding Design Culture	VA 456	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course focuses on the historically accumulative aspects of design elements, which constitute the significant aspects of Culture in general, and Design Culture in specific sampling units. The prevalence of design as a ritualistic element of cultural activities and its critical analysis is grounded on the most prevalent comparative evaluations of art and design theories and their inferences. Central questions include: what kind of relationships exist between design-based activities and art practices?,Which reciprocal activities generate the outcomes between design and technology?, How do these relationships affect the cultural-map of specific habitations and social locations?, How can one read cultural identities through decoding the design elements of the product-lines?, Which design elements of the product embodied historical evolution of the cultural exchanges?
Advanced Illustration	VA 461	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Illustration can be broadly explained as the visual rendering of a specific subject through drawing, painting or photography. In this course illustration will be taken to refer to the visual representation of certain moods or attitudes through these media. Students will have the opportunity to learn various illustration techniques and experiment on creating their own style. Projects may vary, but will include (at least) illustrating texts for posters and character development for a book of fairy tales. By the end of the semester students will have added to their portfolios, as well as to their expertise and self-confidence in experimenting with and using illustration for further visual projects.
Summer Project I	VA 481	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This highly intensive, short-duration project class will delve into a specialized topic related to the practice or the theory of the creative fields; the subject of which will vary based upon the area expertise of the instructor. The outcome will be an artwork/design product or a theoretical essay; the contents of which will be determined by the contents of the class.
Summer Project II	VA 482	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This highly intensive, short-duration project class will delve into a specialized topic related to the practice or the theory of the creative fields; the subject of which will vary based upon the area expertise of the instructor. The outcome will be an artwork/design product or a theoretical essay; the contents of which will be determined by the contents of the class.
Professional Practice as a Designer	VA 490	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course aims to prepare the students for their careers, by developing the skills and strategies that will enhance competence, self confidence as well as the requisite adaptability to succeed in the diverse professional environments within which they are expected to operate. The course includes portfolio making and presentation of ideas, projects and concepts as well as enhancing writing skills, which will help the preparation of professional as well as creative briefs, and reports, which are all part of the requirements of large-scale design projects. The approach is practice-based. It sets up a system that encourages students to put into practice various subjects through hands-on assignments. Furthermore guest lecturers and field trips will provide students with the opportunity of learning from advanced professionals in the design fields.
The Business of Art	VIS 308	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	This course brings together a variety of readings from the humanities and the social sciences that examine the inner workings of the art world. Beginning with the conceptions of modern art and the artist, it critically explores the distinction between art works and artifacts, creativity and labor as well as between contemporary and 'ethnic' art. Drawing on ethnographic examples the course investigates how artists, critics, curators, collectors, patrons and sponsors conceptualize their work, and how they approach prospective audiences. A central concern will be analyzing how the philosophical underpinnings of the civic impact accorded to art are reflected in the daily 'business' of the art world. This will include looking at the practices and discourses of producing, curating and exhibiting; buying, selling, and collecting; reviewing, appraising, insuring and restituting artworks as well as probing the interpersonal and institutional relationships that constitute the arts sector.
The New Media	VIS 310	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	The course will focus on new media and contemporary art and the changes that technologies (web 2.0, virtual reality environments and digital media) are generating in the fields of fine art and curatorship. The course will survey the history of contemporary art from the late 20th Century to the 21st Century, comparing artists and aesthetics with major art movements from the beginning of the 20th Century. Students will acquire an in depth understanding of the artistic practices and aesthetic changes both in classic media and new media that have been determined by the introduction of digital technologies and that have generated the phenomenon of contemporary technocultures.
Museums and Contemporary Arts	VIS 412	Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences	Museums and Contemporary Arts will focus on the curatorial challenges in the relationship between museums and contemporary art that have been caused by phenomena of transculturalism, new forms of contemporary artistic interventions and the increasing immateriality of the object. The course will provide an analytical history of contemporary artworks from the late 20th Century to the 21st Century, comparing curatorial approaches, artists' challenges and aesthetics. The influence of major art movements from the beginning and middle of the 20thCentury will be compared with late 20th Century art, contemporary visual practices and contemporary digital culture. Students will develop an understanding of curatorial and artistic practices as well as an aesthetic vocabulary and familiarity with the practice based and theoretical issues related to contemporary art and curatorial practices.