APA List of References (5th edition)
Sample Entries

Books

Single author
 
Leigh, J. (2002). The cinema of Ken Loach. London: Wallflower Press.

Multiple authors (up to six)

Macridis, R. C., & Hulliung, M. L. (1996). Contemporary political ideologies: Movements and regimes. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers.
 
Ingersoll, D. E., Matthews, R. K., & Davison, A. (2001). The philosophic roots of modern ideology. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Article or chapter in an edited book

Taylor, L. (2001). From psychoanalytic feminism to popular feminism. In J. Hollows & M. Jancovich (Eds.), Approaches to popular film (pp. 151-171). Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Lemire, E. (2000). Voyeurism and the postwar crisis of masculinity. In J. Belton (Ed.), Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window (pp. 57-90). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Book with an editor but no author

Gotlieb, S. (Ed.). (1997). Hitchcock on Hitchcock. California: California University Press.

Hill, J. & Gibson, P. C. (Eds.). (2000). Film studies: Critical approaches. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Storry, M., & Childs, P. (Eds.). (1998). British cultural identities. London: Routledge. 

Book with an author and an editor

Teeler, D., & Gray, P. (2000). How to use the Internet in ELT (J. Harmer, Ed.). Essex: Longman.

Two or more books by the same author (list them in a chronological order and repeat the author's name in each entry)

Buckingham, D. (2000) After the death of dhildhood: Growing up in the age of electronic media. London: Polity.

Buckingham, D. (2003). Media education: Literacy, learning and contemporary culture. London: Polity.

Non-English book

Tanilli, S. (2002). Uygarlik tarihi [History of civilization]. Istanbul: Adam Yayinlari. 
 
Two or more works by the same author in the same year:
List them alphabetically by title, and place lowercase letters (a, b, c, etc.) after the dates. For example two articles by the same author:

Shermer, M. (2002a). On estimating the lifetime of civilizations. Scientific American, 267(2), 33.

Shermer, M. (2002a). Readers who question evolution. Scientific American, 287(2), 37.

Articles in Periodicals / Journals

Articles in journals paginated by issue

Daniels, K. (1998). Media matters in Australia. Educational Leadership, 55(6), 78-79.

Deveci, T. (2004). Why and how to teach collocations. English Teaching Forum, 42(2), 16-19.

McBrien, J. L. (1999). New texts, new tools: An argument for media literacy. Educational Leadership, 57(2), 76-79.


Article in a magazine

Article in a monthly magazine 
Sandel, M. J. (2004, April). The case against perfection. The Atlantic, 293, 50-64.

Article in a weekly magazine 
Begley, S. (1998, January 19). Aping language. Newsweek, 131, 56-58.  

Films

Jackson, P. (Director). (2002). The lord of the rings: The fellowship of the ring [Motion picture]. USA: New Line Entertainment. 

Loach, K. (Director). (1994). Ladybird, ladybird [Motion picture]. England: Channel Four Films.

Article from a database

Eken, A. N. (2002). The third eye. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 46(3), 220-231. Retrieved July 2, 2004, from Academic Search Premiere database.

Nonperiodical Web document 

Bostrom, N. (2002, December 20). Human reproductive cloning from the perspective of the future. Retrieved May 30, 2004, from http://www.nickbostrom.com/views/cloning.html

Burke, D. (n.d.). Stem cells and therapeutic cloning. Retrieved June 2, 2004, from http://www.cis.org.uk/articles/burke_stemcells.htm  

If a source has no author, begin with the title and follow it with the date in parentheses:

How embryonic stem cell lines are made. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2004, from http://www.dnalc.org/stemcells.html 

Entry in an online encyclopedia

Frida Kahlo. In Britannica Student Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved June 2, 2004, from http://search.eb.com/ebi/article?eu=336103
 
Entry in an encyclopedia - with author

Boxer, B. (1995). Shanghai. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 15, pp. 273-277). Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica Ltd.

Entry in an encyclopedia - no author
Begin the reference with the entry title and publication date.

Dictionary or encyclopedia

Griffiths, P. (1996). The Thames and Hudson dictionary of 20th century music (2nd ed.). Singapore: Thames and Hudson.

Report from a private organization

Employee Benefit Research Institute. (1992, February). Sources of health insurance and characteristics of the uninsured (Issue Brief No. 123). Washington, DC: Author.

Unpublished paper presented at a meeting

Eken, A. N. (2001, April). Colour your lessons with films. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Association of Teachers of English as a Foreign Language, Brighton, England.

Brochure, corporate author

National Prevention Information Network. (1998, March). Women and HIV/AIDS [Brochure]. Rockville, MD: CDC.

Daily newspaper article

MacAskill, E. (2004, June 5). 90 days to stop another disaster in Africa. The Guardian, p.A1.

Daily newspaper article, discontinuous pages

Kite, M. (2003, June 3). Fat people will have to diet if they want to see the doctor. The Times, pp. A1, A10.

Daily newspaper article, no author

Fuel protesters back down. (2004, June 5). The Daily Telegraph, p. A1.

Daily newspaper article, electronic version available by search.

Borger, J. (2004, 25). Pentagon blamed over jail sadism. The Guardian. Retrieved August 25, 2004 from http://www.guardian.co.uk  

Important: 
Your list of references should begin on a new page. Heading should be centered. List should be alphabetized by authors' last names. Double-spacing should be used.Your list of references should look like [this]

The term primary source refers to such things as journal articles, books. The term  secondary sourcerefers to such things as article summaries, abstracts, book reviews. For your research paper, read and cite primary sources whenever possible.

Prepared by  Ali Nihat Eken (ekensabanciuniv.edu)